Image of Bloody milkcap

Description:

Slo.: krvosona sirovka - syn.: Lactarius vinosus (Qul.) Bataille - Habitat: grassland with some bushes and scattered trees, Pinus nigra, Picea abies, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fagus sylvatica, Corylus avellana most frequent; under a canopy of Pinus nigra; slightly inclined mountain slope, south aspect, fairly warm and dry place, in half shade; calcareous ground; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil.Comments: Lactarius sanguifluus is relatively easy to recognize by its feature that its milk is blood red from scratch, not orange at the beginning and gradually turning to red, like in several other species with orange/red milk. It is mycorrhizal to Pinus sp.. Otherwise its color can vary widely from greenish, vinaceous, almost bluish, orange, yellowish .... Growing in a fairly scattered group; about eight fruit bodies present; pilei diameter up to 10.5 cm, stipe up to 7 cm long; milk immediately red, almost not changing, after some time becoming more grayish; taste at first indistinctive, then slightly bitter and after that lightly and persistently burning, but not strongly; smell almost non; context quite brittle, after long time (hours) context becoming lightly greenish and at the base of the stipe slight, longitudinal, greenish strakes appear; SP light ocher.Spores smooth, warty. Dimensions: 7 [7.9 ; 8.3] 9.3 x 6.1 [6.9 ; 7.4] 8.2 microns; Q = 1 [1.1 ; 1.2] 1.3 ; N = 25 ; C = 95%; Me = 8.1 x 7.2 microns; Qe = 1.1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Ref.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.5. Verlag Mykologia (2005), p 62. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 355.(3) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 952. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 80.