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Calocera corneaSmall Stagshorn, Pfriemfoermige HoernlingSlo.: rogasti roikiDate: Sept. 11. 2009Lat.: 46.33481 Long.: 13.53083Code: Bot_377-2009-3276Habitat: mixed woodland, nearly flat ground, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), rain protected by trees canopies, in shade, average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, altitude 445 m (1.450 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: fallen rotten deciduous tree, probably Acer sp., partly debarked, covered with mosses.Place: West of Bovec, near the trail to Pluna village, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia ECComments: Spore dimensions: 8.4 (SD=0.7) x 3.9 (SD=0.3) micr, n=30. No septa observed. Ref.:
www.mushroomexpert.com/calocera_cornea.htmlR.Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Mayer (2008), p 140. D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), pp 675.
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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Cortinarius aureofulvus M.M. MoserLarge, robust, strikingly bright Webcaps of sect. Phlegmacium appearing in our relic dune pine forest in late summer and early autumn. Some local idiots, however, upon discovering that these magnificent fungi are not slippery jacks (Suillus spp.) kick, stomp and destroy them - probably it's their idea of caring about fellow humans, similar to the barbaric notion of killing off predators for the good of their prey. I don't know what's wrong with those people. Probably everything.
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Helvella lacunosa Afz. ex Fr.Slate Grey Saddle, Elfin Saddle, DE: Gruben-LorchelSlo.: jamiasti loputarDat.: Nov. 1. 2015Lat.: 46.40878 Long.: 13.70856Code: Bot_925/2015_DSC9731Habitat: alpine valley; extensively grazed pasture with scattered trees; Larix decidua, Betula pendula, Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; among low grasses and mosses under two Larix decidua trees, however also in the reach of the roots of Betula pendula and Picea abies; almost flat terrain; colluvial, calcareous ground; partly sunny; average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 885 m (2.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: sandy soil.Place: Zadnja Trenta valley, about 50 m upstream of the mountain cottage 'Koa pri izviru Soe', next to access dirt road to Zapodn place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: Fungi in genus Helvella are ascomycete. Their spores grow within 'sacs' called asci and not at the ends of the cells (basidia), of the hymenium (asci bearing surface of fungus) as it is the case with basidiomycetes - that is with 'traditional' mushrooms like boletes, milkcaps or blewits. I like them because they are much less known, less researched and of very different shapes. Their determination seems to me much more interesting (and easier, at least with the big ones) than, for example, distinguishing between 250+ Russula species. But this is, of cause, a matter of personal inclination. The photographed fungi were deep black with a cobalt-blue tint. Only two fruitbodies were found; hymenophor dimensions of the larger 3.5 x 3 x 4 cm, fruitbody 9.5 cm tall (extended), stipe 6 cm long, 2.5 cm wide at the base, in cross-section chambered; the smaller hymenophor measured 2.2 x 2.5 x 3.5 cm, fruitbody was 5 cm tall, stipe 1.3 cm wide, also chambered; flesh fragile; smell unpleasant, on soil or dirty socks; taste indistinctive, mildly mushroomy; SP faint, apparently whitish, oac color could not be determined.Spores smooth with a large oil drop. Dimensions: 18.5 [20.2 ; 21.6] 23.3 x 13 [13.6 ; 14.2] 14.8 microns; Q = 1.3 [1.4 ; 1.6] 1.7; N = 11; C = 95%; Me = 20.9 x 13.9 microns; Qe = 1.5. Asci dimensions: 220 [260.5 ; 310.4] 350 x 14.8 [17.7 ; 21.3] 24.3 microns; Q = 10.3 [13.1 ; 16.5] 19.2; N = 7; C = 95%; Me = 285 x 19.5 microns; Qe = 14.8. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (hymenium, paraphyses, excipulum), NEA 10x/0.25, magnification 100x (asci); in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 360. (2) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 328.(3) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1108. (4) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 815. (5) W. Rothmaler, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, Vol.1, Niedere Pflanzen, Elsevier, 3.Auflage, (1994), p 272.(6) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 608.(x) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 54.
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Chaenotheca chrysocephalaEBP# 1392USA: OR: Benton Co.
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Peltigera rufescensField Dog-lichenDate: May 10. 2008Lat.: 46.37966 Long.: 13.78834Code: Bot_260/2008-7818 Habitat: on top of a south oriented dirt road cut, almost full sun, dry, precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet)Substratum: moss and calcareous soil encrusted base of tree stumpPlace: Zadnjica valley, halfway from terminal parking place to the end of the dirt road, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia ECRef: C.Smith et all, The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p672I.Brodo, S.Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p520V.Wirth, Die Flechen Baden-Wuerttembergs, Ulmer (1995), Vol.2, p689
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kaulusvalmuska
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I'm pretty sure as I can be without microscopic examination that it's this very distinctive species. I accidentally found that it had a very brittle stipe. Ooops. :-( After the photographs, I carefully placed the cap so the gills were towards the ground. At least the poor thing could then still drop its spores.
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Agaricus hondensis, known as the Felt-ring Agaricus, from the Pacific Northwest of North America. Poisonous
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tammenlehtinahikassyn. Marasmius quercusEspoo, Finland2010-11-07
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Mycena aciculaOrange Bonnet, Orangeroter HelmlingSlo.: bucikasta eladicaDate: Sept. 11. 2009Lat.: 46.33496 Long.: 13.53004Code: Bot_377/2009-3466Habitat: Mixed deciduous forest, next to a chart road, modestly inclined south oriented slope, humid and shady place, direct rain protected by canopies of trees, average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 435 m (1.400 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: a small ~20 mm long and 4-5 mm diameter heavily rotten piece of a branch of a deciduous tree or bush covered by several layers of leaf debris. Place: West of Bovec, near a trail to Pluzna village, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia ECComment: The smallest mushroom with gills in my life.Nikon D70 / AF Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8 / ring-flash Vivitar, Macroflash 5000
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Bjerkandera adusta (Willd.:Fr.) Karst., syn.: Boletus crispus Pers.Smoky Bracket, DE: Angebrannter RauchporlingSlo.: osmojena bjerkanderaDat.: Dec. 09. 2014Lat.: 46.35624 Long.: 13.69918Code: Bot_854/2014_DSC5245Habitat: alpine valley, river bank, locally almost flat terrain, calcareous ground, river bank vegetation mostly consisting of Salix eleagnos, Picea abies and some Fagus sylvatica; humid air and ground, partly sunny, exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 525 m (1.720 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead wood, a stump of cut down Salix eleagnos in its late initial phase of disintegration.Place: Lower Trenta valley, left bank of river Soa between villages Soa and Trenta, 50 m downstream of the bridge to the farmhouse 'Matev', Trenta 3, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: There exist two species of the genus Bjerkandera growing in Europe and also in Slovenia: Bjerkandera adusta and Bjerkandera fumosa. Both have very variable and irregular habitus and can be found pileate, effuse reflexed and also totally resupinate. Bjerkandera adusta is more common and can be distinguished from Bjerkandera fumosa by its very, very small more or less angular pores (5-7/mm), darker gray pore surface with pale margin and smaller spores. But distinguishing is not always easy. Bjerkandera adusta can be found during the whole year but it sporulates only at temperatures below 10 deg C (Ref.:4). So, one can hope to get spore print only during colder seasons of my country. Generally in the literature the pilei are described as azonate or only weakly zonate, however when they are very young this apparently doesn't hold (see Fig.4).Growing in imbricate groups of several fruit bodies; pilei 1.2 - 2.8 cm across, trama pale brown, corky-fibrous (cannot be chewed over but can be nicely cut with a razor), up to 4.5 mm thick, pore layer dark-grey and distinctly darker then trama, about 1 mm thick; stipe absent; taste mild, slightly unpleasant but not bitter; smell on sour earth similar to Trametes versicolor; SP faint, whitish. Spores smooth. Dimensions: 4.1 [4.5 ; 4.7] 5.1 x 2.6 [2.9 ; 3] 3.4 microns; Q = 1.3 [1.5 ; 1.6] 1.8; N = 37; C = 95%; Me = 4.6 x 3 microns; Qe = 1.6. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, live material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 268.S (2) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 316. (3) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, part 1., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1993), p 168. (4) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 486. (5) A. Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceaes.i., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), p 139.
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Photographed near Tofino, BC, Canada
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2011-12-18 Vienna XXII. district - Donauinsel (160 msm Quadrant 7864/2).German name: Stadt-Champignon, Trottoir-Egerling
See remarks here.
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oranssirouskuEspoo, Finland2010-09-18
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hytymaljakasHmeenlinna, Finland2010-04-14
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Leccinellum griseum (Qul.) Bresinsky & Manfr. Binder; Synonymy: Boletus griseus (Qul.) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Gyroporus griseus Qul., Leccinum griseum (Qul.) Singer., Leccinum carpini (R. Schulz) M.M. Moser ex D.A. Reid ?, Leccinellum pseudoscabrum (Kallenb.) Mikk ?Birch Bolete ?, DE: Heinbuchen-raufuSlo.: gabrov bedDat.: July 6. 2010Lat.: 46.33599 Long.: 13.52555Code: Bot_433/2010_IMG1263Habitat: predominantly hard wood, broadleaf tree forest; moderately inclined mountain slope, southwest inclination; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil.Place: Bovec basin; next to the trail from station A of Kanin cable car to Pluna village; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Members of genus Leccinum/Leccinellum are relatively easy to recognize by distinct stem squamules. However, their taxonomy is a problem and species determination is often difficult. No definite and generally accepted answers are known. In 1995 the genus Leccinum comprised about 36 species distinguished by their macro-characters. Ten years later, in 2005, only 14 were still recognized based on DNA analysis (Kibby 2011). It has been proven that some traditional traits, which seemed once very important (for example flesh color changes when cut) have little significance. A new genus Leccinellum was established based on characteristics of hypha in hut cuticle. Yet not all mycologists agree with this approach. Such situation reflects in the fact that in Index Fungorum (IF) current name of this observation is probably Leccinellum griseum, while MycoBank still keeps with the current name Leccinum griseum. There are several ambiguities about species names and I am not sure I handled them correctly. Be that as it may this species doesn't look too appealing for photography, particularly not when old (as on these photos). But it is quite common in Slovenia and edible, and of very good taste (when younger). In this observation it was growing solitary. Spores smooth. Dimensions: (15,1) 15,3 - 16,7 (17,4) (5,2) 5,3 - 5,9 (6,3) m; Q = (2,4) 2,7 - 3,1 (3,2); N = 10; Me = 15,9 5,6 m; Qe = 2,8. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot,
www.gobenabovskem.si.(2) G. Kibby, British Boletes, Copyright Geoffrey Kibby (2011), p 56.(3)
www.mycodb.fr/fiche.php?genre=Leccinellum&espece=griseum m (accessed March 6. 2018)(4) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 275.(5) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 70.
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Phellodon tomentosusZoned PhellodonSlo.: blazinasti plutozobDat.: Oct. 03. 2010Lat.: 46.38281 Long.: 13.78569Code: Bot_463/2010_IMG2681 Habitat: Young open mixed forest, predominately Picea abies, some Pinus.sp and Fagus sylvatica; grassy and mossy ground, quite humid ground, in half shade; no sun during winter months; nearly flat calcareous terrain, average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevation 830 m (2.700 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil next to roots of Picea abies. Place: Zadnjica valley, lower Strunik place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing solitary, pileus diameter ~11 cm (4 inch); taste mild, smell aromatic, spicy; SP white; spore dimensions: warty, 4.0 (SD = 0.3) x 3.8 (SD = 0.3) micr., Q = 1.05 (SD = 0.05), n = 30.Ref.:(1) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 312. (2) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1046. (3) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 628.(4)
www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6611~sou...(5) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot,
www.gobenabovskem.si .
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Mycena alba (Bres.) Khn., syn.: Mycena corticola ss. Bres., Omphalia alba Bres., Marasmiellus albus (Bres.) SingerWhite bonnet, DE: Weisser RindenhelmlingSlo.: belkasta eladicaDat.: Dec. 07. 2014Lat.: 46.35535 Long.: 13.69859Code: Bot_853/2014_DSC5112Habitat: alpine valley, river bank at the foot of steep north side of a mountain, locally almost flat terrain, calcareous ground, river bank vegetation mostly consisting of Salix eleagnos, Ostrya carpinifolia, Picea abies and some Fagus sylvatica; humid air and ground, partly sunny, exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 525 m (1.720 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: growing in bark crevices of a live, standing, grown up Ostrya carpinifolia covered by liverworts (Frullania sp. or eventually Radula sp.), mosses and lichens.Place: Lower Trenta valley, left bank of river Soa between villages Soa and Trenta, about 100 m downstream of the river bridge leading to the farmhouse 'Matev', Trenta 3, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: According to Breitenbach (1995) (Ref.:1) only three 'winter' species of very large genus Mycena (over 200 species worldwide (Ref.:2) and 64 described in Slovenia (Ref.:3)) have round or almost round spores. Descriptions of Mycena alba in literature nicely fit to this observation. The species is considered rare almost everywhere (Ref.:2). There are only a few observations in Slovenia registered in the Boletus Informaticus data base so far. However the mushroom is probably much more frequent as data show. There is no doubt that it is overlooked frequently, since it is small. As far as I was able to check Ostrya carpinifolia has not been recorded yet as a host.Growing solitary in a group of more than 30 pilei all around a single tree trunk from 0.5 m to 1.8 m above ground level; pilei diameter 4 - 9 mm, stipe 5 - 8 mm long, diameter about 0.5 mm; taste poorly tested since the fungi are so small, apparently indistinctive; smell indistinctive; flesh quite firm considering miniature size of fruit bodies; SP faint, probably white.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7 [7.7 ; 8] 8.8 x 5.7 [6.5 ; 6.8] 7.6 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.2] 1.3; N = 32; C = 95%; Me = 7.9 x 6.7 microns; Qe = 1.2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water; live material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia(1995), p 260.(2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 428. S rundoder fast rund(3) A. Poler, ed., Seznam gliv Slovenije (in Slovene) (Slovenian checklist of Fungi), 2nd Ed., Assoc. of Mycol. Soc. of Slovenia (1998), p 51.(4)
home.online.no/~araronse/Mycenakey/alba.htm (5)
www.museum-joanneum.at/fileadmin//user_upload/Stundienzen...
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Lavers Hill, Victoria, Australia