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North American Ecology (US and Canada)

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Speyeria callippe is a resident in the Northwestern United States and Canada (Scott 1986). Habitats are chaparral, fairly dry woodland, sagebrush and prairie hills. Host plants are herbaceous species limited to genus Viola (Violaceae). Eggs are laid haphazardly and singly, near dried up host plants (Viola), where new plants will sprout the following spring. Individuals overwinter as unfed first instar larvae. There is one flight each year with the approximate flight time June 15-Aug 15, June1-July31 in the southern part of their range (Scott 1986).
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Leslie Ries
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Leslie Ries

Conservation Status

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Not of concern.
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Cyclicity

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One flight per year, peaking from late June to mid July.
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Distribution

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A western species, occuring from southern BC to southern MB, south to Baja California, MEX and CO (Scott 1986).
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General Description

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This is a relatively large Speyeria (wingspan 56 - 53 mm), with a pale-greenish, washed-out underside. Edwards' Fritillary can be similar, but is slightly larger and has a concave forewing margin. The Mormon Fritillary also often has a pale green underside (particularly prairie populations), but it is much smaller (40 - 50 mm). In Callippe the underside silver spots show through as slightly paler orbs on the upperside. Subspecies calgariana, described from the vicinity of Calgary, occurs on the Alberta prairies, while populations from the Crowsnest Pass more closely resemble subspecies semivirida (Bird et al. 1995).
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Habitat

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Dry or sandy prairie grasslands, occasional in the foothills and parkland.
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Life Cycle

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The tan-coloured eggs are laid near dried-up violets, where fresh leaves for larvae to feed on will appear in the spring (Scott 1986). The mature larvae are very similar to S. zerene, being predominantly black with spiny protuberances (Scott 1986). Callippe males patrol topographical prominences in search of females (Scott 1986).
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Trophic Strategy

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Blue Prairie Violet is the larval foodplant in Alberta (Bird et al. 1998). Adults nectar at alfalfa, gailardia, and thistles (Bird et al. 1998, Hooper 1973).
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Speyeria callippe

provided by wikipedia EN

Speyeria callippe, the callippe fritillary, is a North American species of butterflies in the brush-footed family Nymphalidae.

Subspecies

Listed alphabetically:[2]

  • S. c. calgariana (McDunnough, 1924)
  • S. c. callippe Boisduval, 1852
  • S. c. comstocki (Gunder, 1925) – Comstock's silverspot
  • S. c. elaine dos Passos & Grey, 1945
  • S. c. gallatini (McDunnough, 1929)
  • S. c. harmonia dos Passos & Grey, 1945
  • S. c. juba (Boisduval, 1869)
  • S. c. laura (Edwards, 1879)
  • S. c. laurina (Wright, 1905)
  • S. c. liliana (H. Edwards, 1877)
  • S. c. nevadensis (Edwards, 1870)
  • S. c. macaria (Edwards, 1877)
  • S. c. meadii (Edwards, 1872)
  • S. c. rupestris (Behr, 1863)
  • S. c. semivirida (McDunnough, 1924)
  • S. c. sierra dos Passos & Grey, 1945

Distribution and habitat

This species can be found in North America, from Central British Columbia east to South Dakota and Manitoba, south to southern California, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado. These butterflies usually inhabit sagebrush, dry woodland, edge of forests, chaparral and grassy hillsides.[3][4]

Description

Speyeria callippe can reach a wingspan of 5–6.4 cm (2.0–2.5 in). In these large and widespread butterflies the color of the upperside of the wings varies from tawny to bright red-brown with black evenly-spaced zigzag stripes. The entire outer contour is black-brown, divided by a row of pale lunules. The underside of the forewings is red fawn, with the same design as above, and a series of marginal silver lunules. The underside of the hindwings is brown, with about twenty-two large silvered spots and triangular silver submarginal spots with narrow brown edges.[1][3] In the last stage the larvae are greyish, with black and grey patches and black-orange spines. [5][6]

Biology

Speyeria callippe is a univoltine species. Adults fly from May to August, usually patrolling for females, which emerge before males. Eggs are laid in litter near the host plants. Unfed first-stage caterpillars overwinter until spring, when they feed on leaves of Viola pedunculata, Viola nuttallii, Viola beckwithii, Viola douglasii and Viola purpurea.[3][2]

Gallery

References

Wikispecies has information related to Speyeria callippe.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Speyeria callippe.
  1. ^ a b M. L. Dufour Annales de la Société entomologique de France (in French)
  2. ^ a b "Speyeria Scudder, 1872" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
  3. ^ a b c Butterflies and Moths of North America
  4. ^ iNaturalist
  5. ^ Ross A. Layberry, Peter W. Hall, J. Donald Lafontaine The Butterflies of Canada
  6. ^ Thomas J. Allen, Jim P. Brock, James P. Brock, Jeffrey Glassberg Caterpillars in the Field and Garden: A Field Guide to the Butterfly of North America

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Speyeria callippe: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Speyeria callippe, the callippe fritillary, is a North American species of butterflies in the brush-footed family Nymphalidae.

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Speyeria callippe ( French )

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Speyeria callippe est une espèce nord-américaine de lépidoptères de la famille des Nymphalidae et de la sous-famille des Heliconiinae.

Dénomination

Speyeria callippe a été nommé par Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Dechauffour de Boisduval en 1852.

Synonymes : Argynnis callippe Boisduval, 1852[1].

Noms vernaculaires

Speyeria callippe se nomme Callippe Fritillary en anglais.

Sous-espèces

  • Speyeria callippe callippe
  • Speyeria callippe calgariana (McDunnough, 1924) au Canada.
  • Speyeria callippe comstocki (Gunder, 1925)
  • Speyeria callippeelaine dos Passos et Grey, 1945
  • Speyeria callippe gallatini (McDunnough, 1929)
  • Speyeria callippe harmonia dos Passos et Grey, 1945
  • Speyeria callippe juba (Boisduval, 1869)
  • Speyeria callippe laura (Edwards, 1879)
  • Speyeria callippe laurina (Wright, 1905)
  • Speyeria callippeliliana (H. Edwards, 1877)
  • Speyeria callippe macaria (Edwards, 1877) en Californie et au Nevada
  • Speyeria callippe meadii (Edwards, 1872)
  • Speyeria callippe nevadensis (Edwards, 1870) au Nevada, Wyoming et Utah.
  • Speyeria callipperupestris (Behr, 1863)
  • Speyeria callippesemivirida (McDunnough, 1924)
  • Speyeria callippesierra dos Passos et Grey, 1945[1].

Description

C'est un papillon rouge orangé orné de noir, avec une envergure de 50 à 63 mm. Le dessus est finement orné de marron, une ligne submarginale de chevrons puis une ligne de taches dans de grands damiers, puis divers dessins et une partie basale marron clair.

Le revers des antérieures est plus clair avec la même ornementation, alors que les ailes postérieures dont la partie basale est plus ou moins suffusée de vert sont ornées de lignes de larges taches ovales blanches argentées et d'une ligne submarginale de marques triangulaires blanches[2],[3].

Chenille

La chenille est grise ornée de taches noire et des épines orange et noires[3].

Biologie

Période de vol et hivernation

Il vole en une génération de mai à août[4],[5].

Ce sont les chenilles au premier stade qui hivernent[2].

Plantes hôtes

Les plantes hôtes de ses chenilles sont des Viola dont Viola nuttallii, Viola beckwithii, Viola douglasii, Viola purpurea et Viola pedunculata[1],[2],[5].

Écologie et distribution

Il est présent dans le nord de l'Amérique du Nord au Canada dans tout le sud et le centre de la Colombie-Britannique, aux États-Unis dans l'État de Washington, l'Oregon, la Californie, l'Idaho, le Montana, le Wyoming, le Nevada, l'Utah et le Colorado, le Dakota du Nord, le Dakota du Sud et l'ouest du Nebraska[1],[2],[3].

Biotope

Il réside sur les zones herbeuse sèches, tout particulièrement sur les pentes des collines[3].

Protection

Speyeria callippe callippe, extrêmement rare, déclarée en danger (CE) est protégée[2].

Notes et références

Annexes

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Speyeria callippe: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Speyeria callippe est une espèce nord-américaine de lépidoptères de la famille des Nymphalidae et de la sous-famille des Heliconiinae.

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Speyeria callippe ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Insecten

Speyeria callippe is een vlinder uit de familie van de Nymphalidae.[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1852 door Jean Baptiste Boisduval.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Geplaatst op:
01-04-2013
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