Diagnostic Description
provided by Fishbase
Color black in life, paler ventrally. Caudal peduncle and fin and upper 3/4 of soft dorsal fin yellow; black anal and pelvic fins (some have very small yellow spots on tips of anal rays); transparent or yellowish pectoral fin, with a dark spot at axil; pectoral spot remains visible in preserved specimens. Oblique mouth; a small, opercle with a flat spine posteriorly, aligned with the pupil, its margin smooth with a round corner; lower edge of suborbitals scaled. Tubed lateral line scales, 15-17; pored scales on mid-posterior part of body and caudal peduncle 10-13; branchiostegal rays 6; predorsal bones 3. (Ref. 27310).
- Recorder
- Estelita Emily Capuli
Life Cycle
provided by Fishbase
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205).
Morphology
provided by Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 12; Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 9 - 11; Vertebrae: 23
- Recorder
- Estelita Emily Capuli
Trophic Strategy
provided by Fishbase
Cleaned by Elacatinus figaro observed off the coast of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil (Ref. 40102).
- Recorder
- Lilibeth Miranda
Biology
provided by Fishbase
Adults are found in open areas with great water circulation over rocky bottom; usually in groups, 4-5 m above the substrate, seeking shelter on the bottom when there are predators (Ref. 27310). Maximum depth from Ref. 126840. Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205).
- Recorder
- Estelita Emily Capuli