Mushrooms, Lichens, Molds, Yeasts And Relatives

Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar, syn.: Collybia platyphylla (Pers.) P. Kumm., Clitocybula platyphylla (Pers.) E. Ludw., Oudemansiella platyphylla (Pers.) Moser, Tricholomopsis platyphya and many othersPlatterful mushroom, Whitelaced Shank, DE: Gewhnliches Breitblatt, Breitbltriger RblingSlo.: irokolistna velekorenovkaDat.: July 26. 2017Lat.: 46.35959 Long.: 13.70122Code: Bot_1077/2017_DSC8488Habitat: mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees with some Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; slightly inclined mountain slope, SE aspect; old colluvial, calcareous ground, in shade, dry and relatively warm place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: heavily rotten, moss covered stump of Fagus sylvatica. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa; near the trail from Trenta 2b to Strgulc farmhouse, Soa 48; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: When I noticed this fungus I thought it was a kind of Pluteus (actually Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. looks very similar). However, neither its spore print nor gills showed even a trace of pinkish color. So, it must be almost for sure Megacollybia platyphylla. Its streaked-looking gray-brown cap is typical.Genus Megacollybia was considered monophyletic (that is containing only one specie - Megacollybia platyphylla) not so far ago. Recent DNA sequencing in North America (Ref.3) showed that it can be separated to several distinct species (how many of them scientists do not agree, up to nine worldwide). One of them Megacollybia platyphylla was limited to Europe. Unfortunately newly recognized species in North America cannot practically be separated by macro-morphological traits (particularly not if geographic location is dismissed as a 'character'). They are all variable and all look alike. Even microscopy doesn't help. To determine them in the field one would need 'pocket DNA sequencer' (which doesn't exist). So it is: DNA-defined species do not always show observable differences in physical features. Megacollybia platyphylla is a common mushroom. There are conflicting reports about edibility of it. Some consider it conditionally edible, some weakly poisonous. Description of this find: Growing solitary; heavily eaten by snails; pileus diameter 13 cm, radially streaked, strakes peel off easily; trama thin, gills broad, beige, fragile; stipe 8 cm long, 23 mm in diameter at the base and 19 mm on top, firm, slightly hollow at the center, fibrous, firmly attached to the rotten wood by mycelial strands; smell slightly on sour bread, taste mild, indistinctive; SP faint, beige, oac814.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.3 [8 ; 8.3] 9 x 5.9 [6.5 ; 6.8] 7.4 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.2] 1.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 8.1 x 6.7 microns; Qe = 1.2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 96. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 360.(3) www.mushroomexpert.com/megacollybia.html stanje megacolibija(4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 246. (5) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 673.(6) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 223. (7) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 208.

Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy

Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar, syn.: Collybia platyphylla (Pers.) P. Kumm., Clitocybula platyphylla (Pers.) E. Ludw., Oudemansiella platyphylla (Pers.) Moser, Tricholomopsis platyphya and many othersPlatterful mushroom, Whitelaced Shank, DE: Gewhnliches Breitblatt, Breitbltriger RblingSlo.: irokolistna velekorenovkaDat.: July 26. 2017Lat.: 46.35959 Long.: 13.70122Code: Bot_1077/2017_DSC8488Habitat: mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees with some Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; slightly inclined mountain slope, SE aspect; old colluvial, calcareous ground, in shade, dry and relatively warm place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: heavily rotten, moss covered stump of Fagus sylvatica. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa; near the trail from Trenta 2b to Strgulc farmhouse, Soa 48; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: When I noticed this fungus I thought it was a kind of Pluteus (actually Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. looks very similar). However, neither its spore print nor gills showed even a trace of pinkish color. So, it must be almost for sure Megacollybia platyphylla. Its streaked-looking gray-brown cap is typical.Genus Megacollybia was considered monophyletic (that is containing only one specie - Megacollybia platyphylla) not so far ago. Recent DNA sequencing in North America (Ref.3) showed that it can be separated to several distinct species (how many of them scientists do not agree, up to nine worldwide). One of them Megacollybia platyphylla was limited to Europe. Unfortunately newly recognized species in North America cannot practically be separated by macro-morphological traits (particularly not if geographic location is dismissed as a 'character'). They are all variable and all look alike. Even microscopy doesn't help. To determine them in the field one would need 'pocket DNA sequencer' (which doesn't exist). So it is: DNA-defined species do not always show observable differences in physical features. Megacollybia platyphylla is a common mushroom. There are conflicting reports about edibility of it. Some consider it conditionally edible, some weakly poisonous. Description of this find: Growing solitary; heavily eaten by snails; pileus diameter 13 cm, radially streaked, strakes peel off easily; trama thin, gills broad, beige, fragile; stipe 8 cm long, 23 mm in diameter at the base and 19 mm on top, firm, slightly hollow at the center, fibrous, firmly attached to the rotten wood by mycelial strands; smell slightly on sour bread, taste mild, indistinctive; SP faint, beige, oac814.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.3 [8 ; 8.3] 9 x 5.9 [6.5 ; 6.8] 7.4 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.2] 1.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 8.1 x 6.7 microns; Qe = 1.2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 96. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 360.(3) www.mushroomexpert.com/megacollybia.html stanje megacolibija(4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 246. (5) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 673.(6) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 223. (7) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 208.

Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar, syn.: Collybia platyphylla (Pers.) P. Kumm., Clitocybula platyphylla (Pers.) E. Ludw., Oudemansiella platyphylla (Pers.) Moser, Tricholomopsis platyphya and many othersPlatterful mushroom, Whitelaced Shank, DE: Gewhnliches Breitblatt, Breitbltriger RblingSlo.: irokolistna velekorenovkaDat.: July 26. 2017Lat.: 46.35959 Long.: 13.70122Code: Bot_1077/2017_DSC8488Habitat: mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees with some Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; slightly inclined mountain slope, SE aspect; old colluvial, calcareous ground, in shade, dry and relatively warm place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: heavily rotten, moss covered stump of Fagus sylvatica. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa; near the trail from Trenta 2b to Strgulc farmhouse, Soa 48; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: When I noticed this fungus I thought it was a kind of Pluteus (actually Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. looks very similar). However, neither its spore print nor gills showed even a trace of pinkish color. So, it must be almost for sure Megacollybia platyphylla. Its streaked-looking gray-brown cap is typical.Genus Megacollybia was considered monophyletic (that is containing only one specie - Megacollybia platyphylla) not so far ago. Recent DNA sequencing in North America (Ref.3) showed that it can be separated to several distinct species (how many of them scientists do not agree, up to nine worldwide). One of them Megacollybia platyphylla was limited to Europe. Unfortunately newly recognized species in North America cannot practically be separated by macro-morphological traits (particularly not if geographic location is dismissed as a 'character'). They are all variable and all look alike. Even microscopy doesn't help. To determine them in the field one would need 'pocket DNA sequencer' (which doesn't exist). So it is: DNA-defined species do not always show observable differences in physical features. Megacollybia platyphylla is a common mushroom. There are conflicting reports about edibility of it. Some consider it conditionally edible, some weakly poisonous. Description of this find: Growing solitary; heavily eaten by snails; pileus diameter 13 cm, radially streaked, strakes peel off easily; trama thin, gills broad, beige, fragile; stipe 8 cm long, 23 mm in diameter at the base and 19 mm on top, firm, slightly hollow at the center, fibrous, firmly attached to the rotten wood by mycelial strands; smell slightly on sour bread, taste mild, indistinctive; SP faint, beige, oac814.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.3 [8 ; 8.3] 9 x 5.9 [6.5 ; 6.8] 7.4 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.2] 1.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 8.1 x 6.7 microns; Qe = 1.2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 96. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 360.(3) www.mushroomexpert.com/megacollybia.html stanje megacolibija(4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 246. (5) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 673.(6) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 223. (7) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 208.

Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar, syn.: Collybia platyphylla (Pers.) P. Kumm., Clitocybula platyphylla (Pers.) E. Ludw., Oudemansiella platyphylla (Pers.) Moser, Tricholomopsis platyphya and many othersPlatterful mushroom, Whitelaced Shank, DE: Gewhnliches Breitblatt, Breitbltriger RblingSlo.: irokolistna velekorenovkaDat.: July 26. 2017Lat.: 46.35959 Long.: 13.70122Code: Bot_1077/2017_DSC8488Habitat: mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees with some Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; slightly inclined mountain slope, SE aspect; old colluvial, calcareous ground, in shade, dry and relatively warm place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: heavily rotten, moss covered stump of Fagus sylvatica. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa; near the trail from Trenta 2b to Strgulc farmhouse, Soa 48; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: When I noticed this fungus I thought it was a kind of Pluteus (actually Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. looks very similar). However, neither its spore print nor gills showed even a trace of pinkish color. So, it must be almost for sure Megacollybia platyphylla. Its streaked-looking gray-brown cap is typical.Genus Megacollybia was considered monophyletic (that is containing only one specie - Megacollybia platyphylla) not so far ago. Recent DNA sequencing in North America (Ref.3) showed that it can be separated to several distinct species (how many of them scientists do not agree, up to nine worldwide). One of them Megacollybia platyphylla was limited to Europe. Unfortunately newly recognized species in North America cannot practically be separated by macro-morphological traits (particularly not if geographic location is dismissed as a 'character'). They are all variable and all look alike. Even microscopy doesn't help. To determine them in the field one would need 'pocket DNA sequencer' (which doesn't exist). So it is: DNA-defined species do not always show observable differences in physical features. Megacollybia platyphylla is a common mushroom. There are conflicting reports about edibility of it. Some consider it conditionally edible, some weakly poisonous. Description of this find: Growing solitary; heavily eaten by snails; pileus diameter 13 cm, radially streaked, strakes peel off easily; trama thin, gills broad, beige, fragile; stipe 8 cm long, 23 mm in diameter at the base and 19 mm on top, firm, slightly hollow at the center, fibrous, firmly attached to the rotten wood by mycelial strands; smell slightly on sour bread, taste mild, indistinctive; SP faint, beige, oac814.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.3 [8 ; 8.3] 9 x 5.9 [6.5 ; 6.8] 7.4 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.2] 1.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 8.1 x 6.7 microns; Qe = 1.2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 96. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 360.(3) www.mushroomexpert.com/megacollybia.html stanje megacolibija(4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 246. (5) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 673.(6) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 223. (7) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 208.

Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland

Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar, syn.: Collybia platyphylla (Pers.) P. Kumm., Clitocybula platyphylla (Pers.) E. Ludw., Oudemansiella platyphylla (Pers.) Moser, Tricholomopsis platyphya and many othersPlatterful mushroom, Whitelaced Shank, DE: Gewhnliches Breitblatt, Breitbltriger RblingSlo.: irokolistna velekorenovkaDat.: July 26. 2017Lat.: 46.35959 Long.: 13.70122Code: Bot_1077/2017_DSC8488Habitat: mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees with some Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; slightly inclined mountain slope, SE aspect; old colluvial, calcareous ground, in shade, dry and relatively warm place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: heavily rotten, moss covered stump of Fagus sylvatica. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa; near the trail from Trenta 2b to Strgulc farmhouse, Soa 48; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: When I noticed this fungus I thought it was a kind of Pluteus (actually Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. looks very similar). However, neither its spore print nor gills showed even a trace of pinkish color. So, it must be almost for sure Megacollybia platyphylla. Its streaked-looking gray-brown cap is typical.Genus Megacollybia was considered monophyletic (that is containing only one specie - Megacollybia platyphylla) not so far ago. Recent DNA sequencing in North America (Ref.3) showed that it can be separated to several distinct species (how many of them scientists do not agree, up to nine worldwide). One of them Megacollybia platyphylla was limited to Europe. Unfortunately newly recognized species in North America cannot practically be separated by macro-morphological traits (particularly not if geographic location is dismissed as a 'character'). They are all variable and all look alike. Even microscopy doesn't help. To determine them in the field one would need 'pocket DNA sequencer' (which doesn't exist). So it is: DNA-defined species do not always show observable differences in physical features. Megacollybia platyphylla is a common mushroom. There are conflicting reports about edibility of it. Some consider it conditionally edible, some weakly poisonous. Description of this find: Growing solitary; heavily eaten by snails; pileus diameter 13 cm, radially streaked, strakes peel off easily; trama thin, gills broad, beige, fragile; stipe 8 cm long, 23 mm in diameter at the base and 19 mm on top, firm, slightly hollow at the center, fibrous, firmly attached to the rotten wood by mycelial strands; smell slightly on sour bread, taste mild, indistinctive; SP faint, beige, oac814.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.3 [8 ; 8.3] 9 x 5.9 [6.5 ; 6.8] 7.4 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.2] 1.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 8.1 x 6.7 microns; Qe = 1.2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 96. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 360.(3) www.mushroomexpert.com/megacollybia.html stanje megacolibija(4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 246. (5) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 673.(6) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 223. (7) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 208.

Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar, syn.: Collybia platyphylla (Pers.) P. Kumm., Clitocybula platyphylla (Pers.) E. Ludw., Oudemansiella platyphylla (Pers.) Moser, Tricholomopsis platyphya and many othersPlatterful mushroom, Whitelaced Shank, DE: Gewhnliches Breitblatt, Breitbltriger RblingSlo.: irokolistna velekorenovkaDat.: July 26. 2017Lat.: 46.35959 Long.: 13.70122Code: Bot_1077/2017_DSC8488Habitat: mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees with some Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; slightly inclined mountain slope, SE aspect; old colluvial, calcareous ground, in shade, dry and relatively warm place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: heavily rotten, moss covered stump of Fagus sylvatica. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa; near the trail from Trenta 2b to Strgulc farmhouse, Soa 48; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: When I noticed this fungus I thought it was a kind of Pluteus (actually Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. looks very similar). However, neither its spore print nor gills showed even a trace of pinkish color. So, it must be almost for sure Megacollybia platyphylla. Its streaked-looking gray-brown cap is typical.Genus Megacollybia was considered monophyletic (that is containing only one specie - Megacollybia platyphylla) not so far ago. Recent DNA sequencing in North America (Ref.3) showed that it can be separated to several distinct species (how many of them scientists do not agree, up to nine worldwide). One of them Megacollybia platyphylla was limited to Europe. Unfortunately newly recognized species in North America cannot practically be separated by macro-morphological traits (particularly not if geographic location is dismissed as a 'character'). They are all variable and all look alike. Even microscopy doesn't help. To determine them in the field one would need 'pocket DNA sequencer' (which doesn't exist). So it is: DNA-defined species do not always show observable differences in physical features. Megacollybia platyphylla is a common mushroom. There are conflicting reports about edibility of it. Some consider it conditionally edible, some weakly poisonous. Description of this find: Growing solitary; heavily eaten by snails; pileus diameter 13 cm, radially streaked, strakes peel off easily; trama thin, gills broad, beige, fragile; stipe 8 cm long, 23 mm in diameter at the base and 19 mm on top, firm, slightly hollow at the center, fibrous, firmly attached to the rotten wood by mycelial strands; smell slightly on sour bread, taste mild, indistinctive; SP faint, beige, oac814.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.3 [8 ; 8.3] 9 x 5.9 [6.5 ; 6.8] 7.4 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.2] 1.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 8.1 x 6.7 microns; Qe = 1.2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 96. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 360.(3) www.mushroomexpert.com/megacollybia.html stanje megacolibija(4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 246. (5) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 673.(6) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 223. (7) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 208.

Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar, syn.: Collybia platyphylla (Pers.) P. Kumm., Clitocybula platyphylla (Pers.) E. Ludw., Oudemansiella platyphylla (Pers.) Moser, Tricholomopsis platyphya and many othersPlatterful mushroom, Whitelaced Shank, DE: Gewhnliches Breitblatt, Breitbltriger RblingSlo.: irokolistna velekorenovkaDat.: July 26. 2017Lat.: 46.35959 Long.: 13.70122Code: Bot_1077/2017_DSC8488Habitat: mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees with some Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; slightly inclined mountain slope, SE aspect; old colluvial, calcareous ground, in shade, dry and relatively warm place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: heavily rotten, moss covered stump of Fagus sylvatica. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa; near the trail from Trenta 2b to Strgulc farmhouse, Soa 48; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: When I noticed this fungus I thought it was a kind of Pluteus (actually Pluteus cervinus (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. looks very similar). However, neither its spore print nor gills showed even a trace of pinkish color. So, it must be almost for sure Megacollybia platyphylla. Its streaked-looking gray-brown cap is typical.Genus Megacollybia was considered monophyletic (that is containing only one specie - Megacollybia platyphylla) not so far ago. Recent DNA sequencing in North America (Ref.3) showed that it can be separated to several distinct species (how many of them scientists do not agree, up to nine worldwide). One of them Megacollybia platyphylla was limited to Europe. Unfortunately newly recognized species in North America cannot practically be separated by macro-morphological traits (particularly not if geographic location is dismissed as a 'character'). They are all variable and all look alike. Even microscopy doesn't help. To determine them in the field one would need 'pocket DNA sequencer' (which doesn't exist). So it is: DNA-defined species do not always show observable differences in physical features. Megacollybia platyphylla is a common mushroom. There are conflicting reports about edibility of it. Some consider it conditionally edible, some weakly poisonous. Description of this find: Growing solitary; heavily eaten by snails; pileus diameter 13 cm, radially streaked, strakes peel off easily; trama thin, gills broad, beige, fragile; stipe 8 cm long, 23 mm in diameter at the base and 19 mm on top, firm, slightly hollow at the center, fibrous, firmly attached to the rotten wood by mycelial strands; smell slightly on sour bread, taste mild, indistinctive; SP faint, beige, oac814.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.3 [8 ; 8.3] 9 x 5.9 [6.5 ; 6.8] 7.4 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.2] 1.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 8.1 x 6.7 microns; Qe = 1.2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.: (1) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 96. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 3., Ulmer (2001), p 360.(3) www.mushroomexpert.com/megacollybia.html stanje megacolibija(4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.3. Verlag Mykologia (1991), p 246. (5) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 673.(6) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 223. (7) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 208.

Zaragoza: Aragn (Espaa)Vedado de Peaflor.Depresin del Ebro.Subdivisin: BasidiomycotinaClase: HomobasidiomycetesSubclase: AgaricomycetidaeOrden: TricholomatalesFamilia: Marasmiaceae

Zaragoza: Aragn (Espaa)Vedado de Peaflor.Depresin del Ebro.Subdivisin: BasidiomycotinaClase: HomobasidiomycetesSubclase: AgaricomycetidaeOrden: TricholomatalesFamilia: Marasmiaceae

Zaragoza: Aragn (Espaa)Vedado de Peaflor.Depresin del Ebro.Subdivisin: BasidiomycotinaClase: HomobasidiomycetesSubclase: AgaricomycetidaeOrden: TricholomatalesFamilia: Marasmiaceae

Suckley Woods, Worcs.

Illustrations of British fungi (Hymenomycetes)London,Williams and Norgate,1881-91.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2894432

Described as a new species only since 1964, Calvatia booniana differs from its Eastern U.S. and European relative (Calvatia gigantea) by its sculpted surface that resembles a turtle shell. Each plant contains millions of spores that are released through surface cracks. The size of this plant was between that of a cantaloupe and a medium-sized watermelon. The plants that dotted the understory here looked from a short distance like enormous ostrich eggs.Nov. 11, 2014, Holladay, Salt Lake County, Utah, natural space on private property accessed with permission, growing under primarily arborescent Gambel's oak (Quercus gambelii) and a plum tree ornamental, elev. 4,530 ft.

MDS, PDC, D?H, and i visit exotic plants before watching the eclipse.

Acworth, Georgia, United States

Union Township, Arkansas, United States

Big Rock Township, Arkansas, United States

Hygrocybe coccineaRighteous Red Waxy CapSlo.: enjeva vlanicaDat.: Oct. 02. 2010Lat.: 46.03500 Long.: 13.88080Code: Bot_462/2010_IMG2580 Habitat: In grass, unmaintained mountain pasture, flat terrain, calcareous ground, full sun,exposed to direct rain, average precipitations 2.000-2.600 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevations 1.050 m (3,450 feet), Dinaric phytogeographical region.Substratum: soilPlace: Vojsko flats, southeast of Smodin farm house, Idrijsko, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing solitary or in small groups, pileus diameter up to 35 mm (1.5 inch), SP white.Spore shape and dimensions: smooth, almond shaped, 7,3 (SD = 0,5) x 4,8 (SD = 0,4) micr., Q = 1,57 (SD = 0,09), n = 30. Ref.:(1) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 114(2) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 170(3) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 108(4) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba, Celovec (2002), p 328

Hygrocybe coccineaRighteous Red Waxy CapSlo.: enjeva vlanicaDat.: Oct. 02. 2010Lat.: 46.03500 Long.: 13.88080Code: Bot_462/2010_IMG2580 Habitat: In grass, unmaintained mountain pasture, flat terrain, calcareous ground, full sun,exposed to direct rain, average precipitations 2.000-2.600 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevations 1.050 m (3,450 feet), Dinaric phytogeographical region.Substratum: soilPlace: Vojsko flats, southeast of Smodin farm house, Idrijsko, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing solitary or in small groups, pileus diameter up to 35 mm (1.5 inch), SP white.Spore shape and dimensions: smooth, almond shaped, 7,3 (SD = 0,5) x 4,8 (SD = 0,4) micr., Q = 1,57 (SD = 0,09), n = 30. Ref.:(1) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 114(2) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 170(3) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 108(4) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba, Celovec (2002), p 328

Hygrocybe coccineaRighteous Red Waxy CapSlo.: enjeva vlanicaDat.: Oct. 02. 2010Lat.: 46.03500 Long.: 13.88080Code: Bot_462/2010_IMG2580 Habitat: In grass, unmaintained mountain pasture, flat terrain, calcareous ground, full sun,exposed to direct rain, average precipitations 2.000-2.600 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevations 1.050 m (3,450 feet), Dinaric phytogeographical region.Substratum: soilPlace: Vojsko flats, southeast of Smodin farm house, Idrijsko, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing solitary or in small groups, pileus diameter up to 35 mm (1.5 inch), SP white.Spore shape and dimensions: smooth, almond shaped, 7,3 (SD = 0,5) x 4,8 (SD = 0,4) micr., Q = 1,57 (SD = 0,09), n = 30. Ref.:(1) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 114(2) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 170(3) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 108(4) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba, Celovec (2002), p 328

The Scarlet Waxcap or Scarlet Hood is found widely in woodlands and grasslands.