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Longitude (deg): -1.2. Latitude (deg): 51.3. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 20' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 20' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: In fruit. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: in shallow water at edge of pond. Category: macro-photograph. Photographic equipment used: Pixera Pro tethered low-resolution digital camera with bellows and Olympus Zuiko 50mm macro lens.
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Longitude (deg): 1.2. Latitude (deg): 52.6. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' E. Latitude (deg/min): 52° 40' N. Vice county name: East Norfolk. Vice county no.: 27. Country: England. Stage: Plant. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".
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Longitude (deg): 1.2. Latitude (deg): 52.6. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' E. Latitude (deg/min): 52° 40' N. Vice county name: East Norfolk. Vice county no.: 27. Country: England. Stage: Plant. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".
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Longitude (deg): 1.2. Latitude (deg): 52.6. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' E. Latitude (deg/min): 52° 40' N. Vice county name: East Norfolk. Vice county no.: 27. Country: England. Stage: Plant. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".
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Longitude (deg): 1.2. Latitude (deg): 52.6. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' E. Latitude (deg/min): 52° 40' N. Vice county name: East Norfolk. Vice county no.: 27. Country: England. Stage: Plant. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".
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Longitude (deg): -0.4. Latitude (deg): 54.2. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 30' W. Latitude (deg/min): 54° 10' N. Vice county name: North-east Yorks. Vice county no.: 62. Country: England. Stage: In flower. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on mud bank of drainage ditch. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
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Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany
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Castello D'Empuries, Catalonia, Spain
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Castello D'Empuries, Catalonia, Spain
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Castell d'Empries, Catalunya, Espaa
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2012-05-13 Vienna XXII. district, Lobau - Danube National ParkGerman name: Unheil-Hahnenfuss, Gift-Hahnenfuss
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2012-05-13 Vienna XXII. district, Lobau - Danube National ParkGerman name: Unheil-Hahnenfuss, Gift-Hahnenfuss
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2012-05-13 Vienna XXII. district, Lobau - Danube National ParkGerman name: Unheil-Hahnenfuss, Gift-Hahnenfuss
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Drenthe, Netherlands
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2012-05-13 Vienna XXII. district, Lobau - Danube National ParkGerman name: Unheil-Hahnenfuss, Gift-Hahnenfuss
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Castello D'Empuries, Catalonia, Spain
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All of our major local floras* currently treat Ranunculus sceleratus var. multifidus as an annual, even using that character prominently in taxonomic keys (fortunately, FNA does not). In fact, while it often does seem to behave like an annual, its lifespan is most certainly potentially longer than that (and there are a few references for this taxon from outside Utah that refer to it as an annual or short-lived perennial).This is a plant growing in mid-January after having survived some freezing temperatures (a smaller/newer plant can be seen at left with a Russian Olive drupe that has fallen right on top of it ). It is true that we have had a relative mild winter overall and the life cycle of this buttercup could well be influenced by climatic factors. The center plant pictured however likely germinated and started to grow at least by last fall. It will probably start to bloom in May or June (I have seen plants of this species blooming well into November), and so it can be either a winter annual or biennial and possibly a short-lived perennial depending on conditions.This is a fascinating taxon that is semi-aquatic (although grouped sometimes with terrestrial buttercups which can also lead to confusion in identification) and can grow in shallow pools or on the edges of ponds completely submerged with its leaves floating on the water in its initial aquatic phase. It can however also start growing on moist soil that essentially never dries out. Then when the water level declines but the soil remaining moist, it ultimately produces abundant branching flowering stalks (and as with many other particularly aquatic buttercups, it has strongly dimorphic leaves) and often flowers over a long period of time, dependent no doubt on available moisture. This species is no doubt an important evolutionary link between completely aquatic versus truly terrestrial buttercups.Jan. 17, 2015, Salt Lake County open space, approx. 4,335 ft. elev.*An exception to a local fora that instead treats this differently is Stephen Clark's field guide for the Flora of the Central Wasatch (and adjacent valleys) dated January 2012. In his key, he includes it in a section of perennials (with no reference to it being an annual). This really though isn't exactly right either and could also lead to misidentifications.
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Ranunculus sceleratus var. multifidus growing in less than a foot of water need the edge of a pond. This plant probably germinated in the prior year when the pond level had receded (which it does here). As it starts to recede to a low level, then the plant will produce flowering stalks. If the water level remains . . . it might remain in this form for another season (speculation). The species probably is both a summer and winter annual and also occasionally biennial and rarely a short-lived perennial. It is typically treated as a terrestrial buttercup since it is not a true aquatic. But, it likes to get its feet wet in any event.April 9, 2013, Salt Lake County, Utah
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Ranunculus sceleratus var. multifidus.Semi-aquatic annual or sometimes behaving more like biennial.April 18, 2015, Millcreek, Salt Lake County open space, Utah, elev. 4,335 ft.
