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Coprinellus disseminatusFairy Inkcap, Crumble Cap, Fragile InkcapSlo.: razsejana tintnicaDate: Sept. 11. 2009Lat.: 46.33494 Long.: 13.52999Code: Bot_377/2009-3496Habitat: Mixed woodland, in a ravine, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, in shade, average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 430 m (1.400 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: moss covered base of a dead but still standing broadleaf tree Place: West of Bovec, near the trail to Pluzna village, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia ECRef.:M.Bon, Pareys Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 272R.M.Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 552D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), pp 325
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Ischnoderma resinosum (Schrad.) P. Karst., syn.: Fomitopsis resinosa (Schrad.) Rauschert, Ischnoderma fuliginosum (Scop.) Murrill, Ungulina fuliginosa (Scop.) Pat.EN: Resinous Polypore, DE: Laubholz-HarzporlingSlo.: bukova irhovkaDat.: Dec. 3. 2018Lat.: 46.337198 Long.: 13.553608Code: Bot_1168/2018_DSC4494Habitat: cultivated grassland, city park; flat terrain; calcareous ground; partly sunny place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 450 m (1.480 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead Acer sp. (personal communication with a resident living next to the place) stump near its final stage of decomposition.Place: Bovec basin, city park in front of the hotel Kanin, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Ischnoderma resinosum is widely distributed and a common species in many regions. But it is a rare find in west Slovenia. This observation seems, at least according to available data from Boletus Informaticus database (Ref.: 8), the first one in Posoje region. Pilei are surprisingly soft for a polypore. When fresh they have very distinctive and pleasant smell resembling the smell of Gloeophyllum odoratum. However, this smell fades after some time and disappears completely in dry herbarium samples. It is interesting that young, but also large, seemingly mature pilei do not yet have hymenium developed and do not produce spores (Ref.: 6). In my first attempt I was trying to do microscopy of both in vain. Only after I went back to the site and bring home a very old, hard, almost decaying pileus I found plentiful spores.Many pilei were present; pilei semicircular to flabelliform, applanate, also effuse-reflexed and sometimes imbricate and confluent, measuring up to 15 x 9 cm, up to 2 cm thick; trama up to 15 mm thick, pore layer up to 10 mm thick; pilei soft; pores small, slightly bruising brownish; SP rather faint, light ocher, oac 847; 5% KOH reaction on pileus almost black with deep purple tint, on pores reddish-brown, on trama brown.Spores smooth. Dimensions: (4,3) 4,8 - 5,6 (5,9) (1,6) 1,8 - 2,2 (2,5) m; Q = (2,3) 2,34 - 2,8 (3,1); N = 40; Me = 5,2 2 m; Qe = 2,6. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Index Herbariorum LJF @ Mycotheca and lichen herbarium of Slovenian Forestry Institute.Ref.: (1) Leg. and personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot,
www. gobenabovskem.si (2)
www.mushroomexpert.com/ischnoderma_resinosum.html (accessed Dec 13. 2018) (3) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 573. (4) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 300. (5) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora (2014), p 240. (6) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 537.(7)
www.mycoquebec.org/bas.php?trie=I&l=l&nom=Ischnod... (accessed Dec.15.2018) (8) N. Ogris (ed), Boletus informaticus, Slovenian Forestry Institute
www.zdravgozd.si/bi_index.aspx (accessed Dec. 15. 2018)
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tummapiennarsieniHelsinki, Finland2011-09-19
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Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, Russia
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Millstone, New Jersey, United States
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viljelytuppisieniHelsinki, Finland2011-06-25
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Allenvale, Victoria, Australia
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Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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hytyukonsieniLohja, Finland 2011-07-29
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Forest of Dean. Glos. SO559131
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Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
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Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia
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The Cinnamon Webcap is a widespread species, with a range extending to elevation.
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Lepista caespitosaSlo.: panika kolesnicaDat.: Oct. 08. 2012Lat.: 46.43078 Long.: 13.60956Code: Bot_666/2012_DSC5649Habitat: Mountain pasture, in high grass, southeast oriented mild slope, full sun, warm place, calcareous bed rock, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1,320 m (4.350 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil.Place: Mangartska planina, upper side of grassland, near Log pod Mangartom village, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia. Comments: Growing in groups but also solitary, about 10 pilei, pileus diameter up to 10 cm and 10 cm tall fruitbodies; taste strong mushroomy, racid, quite unpleasant; smell mild, typical on Lepista; flesh quite brittle; SP light beige-gray-pink oac760; gils only lightly attached to cap.Spores apparently finely warty. Dimensions: 5.6 (SD = 0.3) x 3.6 (SD = 0.3) micr., Q = 1.53 (SD = 0.12), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. Ref.:(1) Id'ed by Mr. Bojan Rot,
www.gobenabovskem.si(2) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 3, Ulmer (2001), p 288. (3) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva zaloba, Celovec (2002), p292. (4)
www.pilzseite.de/Pilzgalerie/Lepista/caespitosa/FrameSet.htm (5)
www.ars-alimentaria.it/ars/scheda.jsp;jsessionid=D1769192...(6)
www.svijet-gljiva.com/katalog-gljiva/item/283-lepista-cae... Micro 105mm/f2.8
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Schizophyllum commune (Fr.) Fr.Split Gill, DE: SpaltblttlingSlo.: pahljaica, navadna cepilistkaDat.: Feb. 20. 2014Lat.: 46.35902 Long.: 13.70068Code: Bot_783/2014_DSC9949Picture file names: from Schizophyllum-commune_raw_10 to Schizophyllum-commune_raw_14.Habitat: mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus, Fraxinus excelsior dominant trees; moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect, calcareous, stony ground; relatively warm place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7 - 9 deg C, elevation 590 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead Fagus sylvatica branch still in bark lying on ground. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, between cottage Trenta 2b and abandoned farmhouse Strgulc, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Schizophyllum commune is a very common but also a very unique fungus thriving on five continents of the Earth and in all months of the year. Neither genetic nor cytological research has yet finally answered the question of its phylogenetic status. It grows everywhere - on wood of alive and dead, broad leaved trees and conifers, on sawn timber, on charcoal, on bales of hay wrapped in plastic sheeting, on horns, on leather, on bones and inside nose cavity of humans with certain dysfunction of immune system. It excellently survives drought and is capable to sporulate after moistening after 25 years of being in totally dry state. Really something special in every aspect!The species is easy to recognize. It has uniquely split 'gills' (actually side walls of radially arranged cyphelloid fruit bodies). Literature states the color of its pilei as white, whitish and gray (when wet) to pale ocher. The pilei of this find were of delicate colors and much nicer than usually! Growing in a group of several fruit bodies.Ref.:(1) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 320. (2) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 268.(3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 412.(4) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1006. (5) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 476.
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Lactarius camphoratus (Bull.: Fr.) Fr., syn.: Lactarius cimicarius BartschCurry Milkcap, DE: Kampfermilchling, Kleiner Zichorien-MilchlingSlo.: kafrna mlenicaDat.: Sept. 09. 2014Lat.: 46.36529 Long.: 13.74988Code: Bot_835/2014_DSC3920Habitat: mixed wood, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees, moderately inclined calcareous ground, eventually locally somewhat acid; NW oriented mountain slope, humid and shady place, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 950 m (3.100 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: moss covered forest soil among (decayed) roots of a Picea abies stump in its latest stage of disintegration (decomposed almost to soil).Place: Lower Trenta valley, next to the trail from village Trenta to Planina Lepo, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Dull, matt, like velvety, ocher-red-brown color of pilei and fairly 'unicolor' appearing fruit bodies are typical for this quite common milkcap. However, several very similar species like Lactarius quietus, Lactarius rufus, Lactarius badiosanguineus and Lactarius serifluus exist growing almost in the same habitat. Yet, determination of Lactarius camphoratus seems still quite easy. Decisive is its smell on 'kitchen spices'. It is already noticeable whit fresh fruit bodies but becomes obtrusively strong when they are dried. In the literature the smell is described like on curry, on 'Maggi', on chicory, on camphor, etc.. Anyway, the smell is strong, specific and hard to forget.Growing in several groups of up to four pilei together, more than 15 pilei all together present; pilei diameter 4 - 5 cm; stipe 3 - 4 cm tall and about 8 - 9 mm in diameter; taste mild but distinctive, mushroomy, slightly unpleasant; smell first mild, later stronger and particularly strong when dry, on spices; flesh quite brittle; SP abundant, beige, oac857; pilei not bruising; milk quite abundant, whitish, actually consisting of watery fluid with white milky, like coagulated, inclusions; milk not changing color and remaining white even when dry and of mild taste, not burning or being distinctly bitter.Spores coarsely warty with some ridges. Dimensions: 6.9 [7.6 ; 7.9] 8.6 x 6 [6.7 ; 7] 7.7 microns; Q = 1.1 [1.12 ; 1.15] 1.2; N = 32; C = 95%; Me = 7.7 x 6.8 microns; Qe = 1.1.Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water; live material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 407. (2) R. M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 984. (3) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.6. Verlag Mykologia (2005), p 52.(4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 98. (5) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 191. (6) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 294.
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The mushrooms finally started to grow after the recent rains! The most abundant ones were the weeping boletes (Suillus granulatus) that were numerous in the glades and ceps (Boletus edulis) like the one on the photo grown between the young spruces.
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Storridge Woods, Worcs
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Phellinus igniarius (L.: Fr.) Quel., syn.: Ochroporus cinereus (Niemel) Fischer, Phellinus alni (Bondartsev) Parmasto, Ochroporus ossatus Fischer, Fomes igniarius (Fr.ex.L.) GilletFam.: Phellinaceae Jl.Willow Bracket fungus, DE: Weiden Feuerschwamm Slo.: vrbov putaDat.: Nov. 27. 2011Lat.: 46.33194 Long.: 13.58357Habitat: Soa river shore, mixed forest (Pinus sp. and Picea abies dominant), south oriented slope, calcareous ground (conglomerate), humid air, sunny and relatively warm place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 400 m (1.300 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen trunk of Fagus sylvatica in its initial stage of disintegration and massively infected also with Schizophyllum commune and Hypoxylon fragiforme.Place: Bovec basin, right bank of river Soa near Jablenca settlement, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Phellinus igniarius (group) is without doubt the most difficult 'species' for determination of all members of genus Phellinus (Ref.3 and 4). It is extremely variable morphologically, but also microscopically traits are variable and barely sufficient to separate several taxa of this group (P. cinereus, P. igniarius s.str., P. alni). Several authors do not recognize fully these taxa. Antioxidative and anti-cancer effects of Phellinus igniarius extracts have been observed..There is no microscopy for this find; hence the determination is uncertain. However, young sporocarps of Phellinus igniarius often have roundish shape with rounded inflated pileus margin like this find. Dark (reddish) brown, woody and concentrically layered trama, pores and pileus surface and color correspond reasonably well to Phellinus igniarius, or, at least, this is the best fit I was able to find.Regarding substratum Salix is the most common for this species, but it has been found also on many other broadleaved trees. However, Fagus sylvatica is not mentioned in the literature available to me. This sheds some additional doubts in this determination.Growing solitary. 5% KOH on trama, pileus surface and pore surface very dark-brown to almost back reaction. Pileus was woody/cocky, but not very hard to cut. (still young?).Ref.:(1) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora (2014), p 321. (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 260. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 455.(4) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceae, s.l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 412.
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Ust'-Anos, Altai Republic, Russia