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liiturisakasEspoo, Finland 2011-08-06
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WWT Knapp Reserve, Worcs, SO748520
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2016.09.18 Hgholmen, Raasepori, Finland
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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Forest of Dean, Glos. SO559131
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Mycena haematopusBlood-foot MushroomSlo.: krvobetna eladicaDat.: Oct. 27. 2011Lat.: 46.33122 Long.: 13.52793Code: Bot_566/2011_IMG7222 Habitat: Mixed wood side, rich mixture of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Alnus incana, Ostrya carpinifolia, Corylus avellana, etc.; W inclined hill slope, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock, half shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 425 m (1.400 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead fallen partly rotten but still in bark trunk of a deciduous tree and at the foot of still alive Alnus incana tree. Place: Bovec basin, Radulje place, W of station A of Mt. Kanin cable car, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing in groups many species; taste indistinctive, like mold? smell specific but on what? SP whitish (oac900), caps violet-pink-brown (oac609), gills whitish with violet tint (oac654), milk abundant intensive violet-red (oac510).Spores smooth, with an oil drop. Dimensions: 9.1 (SD = 1.0) x 5.9 (SD = 0.4) micr., Q = 1.56 (SD = 0.14), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. Ref.:(1) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 82. (2) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 230. (3) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 356. (4)
home.online.no/~araronse/Mycenakey/haematopus.htm (5). Id'ed by Mr. Bojan Rot.
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Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
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The Common Ink Cap is found widely in temperate climates. It is a variable species and edible, but do not take alcohol within 48 hours of eating.
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Lyophyllum paelochroum
Clmenon (1982)many thanks to Irene Andersson (
www.swefungi.se/ ) for help with ID!These medium-sized to large, fleshy fungi appeared in the anomalously cool and wet summer of 2009 in noticeable numbers. They were fruiting throughout the summer within residential areas of Akademgorodok in small groups on soil areas with scarce grass, usually near birch (
Betula pendula) . I had never seen these fungi before and was rather confused by the appearance of such large and conspicuous yet unknown species.They have the overall stature of a
Tricholoma terreum, but their cap is smooth with fine innate fibrils and their gills slowly stain blue and then black when bruised. The spores are white in mass, smooth, nearly globose, 5-6 m in diameter.A relatively recent monograph on Macromycetes of South-Western Siberia (N. Perova, I. Gorbunova, 2001) lists two other species of
Lyophyllum with black-staining reaction,
L. infumatum and
L. semitale, however, the former has large rhomboid spores and the latter is darker and is found in different habitats.
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hallavahakasHmeenlinna, Lammi, Finland2011-10-15
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Cortinarius cinnabarinusCinnamon WebcapSlo.: cinobrasta koprenkaDat.: Oct. 21. 2012Lat.: 46.42758 Long.: 13.61919Code: Bot_673/2012_IMG1738 Habitat: Mixed mountain forest, predominantly Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies, old stands, under Fagus sylvatica; modestly inclined south slope, calcareous bedrock, acid soil (Vaccinium myrtillus), relatively warm place , partly shady, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 2-4 deg C, elevation 1.335 m (4.400 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil.Place: Between Mt. Planja, 1.553 m and Mt. Mali vrh, 1.991 m. below forest road east of Planja, Loka Koritnica valley, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing on two places some 70 m apart. On the first one in a small group of about 10 fruit bodies among Luzula, sp.(probably sylvatica), Oxalis acetosella and Vaccinium myrtillis; on the second one only two fruitbodies present, in a thicket of young Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies, in total shade, a place without ground vegetation (too dark). Pileus diameter 4 to 5 cm, stem up to 7 cm long. SP rosty red-brown, oac 687, abundant. Taste and smell indistinctive.Spores very finely warty, warts barely visible under my scope. Dimensions: 8.3 (SD = 0.6) x 5.4 (SD = 0.3) micr., Q = 1.54 (SD = 0.1), n = 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25 oil, magnification 1.000 x, in water. Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Mr. Anton Poler.(2) S.Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 350.(3) J.Breitenbach, F.Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.5. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 248. (4) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 224. (5) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 708. (6) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 198.
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Pterula subulata Fr. 1825Or a closely related species. This unusual coral fungus fruits on forest litter and decaying twigs.
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Cradley, Malvern, Worcs. SO729470
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talvivinokasHelsinki, Finland2008-11-02
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Entoloma serrulatum (Fr.: Fr.) Hesler, syn.: Rhodophyllus atrides (Lasch.: Fr.) QueletBlue Edge Pinkgill, DE: Gesgtblttriger Glckling, Blauschneidiger RttlingSlo.: rnomodra rdeelistkaDat.: Aug. 27. 2014Lat.: 46.36106 Long.: 13.70198, elevation 615 (2.020 feet)Code: Bot_829/2014_DSC3222Picture file names: from Entoloma-serrulatum_raw_1 to Entoloma-serrulatum_raw_3.andLat.: 46.36049 Long.: 13.70248, elevation 600 m (1.970 feet)Code: Bot_829/2014_DSC3257Picture file names: from Entoloma-serrulatum_raw_10 to Entoloma-serrulatum_raw_17.Habitat: pasture; moderately inclined mountain slope, grassland; southeast aspect; shallow, calcareous ground; open, rather dry and sunny place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, 'Na Melu' pasture near Trenta 2b cottage, on the upper most and the lower part of the pasture; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: Entoloma is a large genus. Different estimates vary from 600 to 2.000 species worldwide and about 260 in Europe. Entoloma serrulatum is widely distributed and grows from North Africa up to 70 deg latitude in the subarctic regions. It is very tolerant to different ground properties regarding humidity, nutrient content, type of bedrock, acidity, etc. (Ref.:1). Only intensive human agriculture and too much of nitrogen in the ground kills it immediately (particularly fertilizing with fresh manure).It is interesting to observe how the pilei are changing color with time. Young pilei are almost black tinged deep blue or violet; the gills are initially whitish or lightly bluish. These colors are then gradually changing to more pinkish and finally to brownish colors. One can find quite differently looking pilei next to each other. The gills have characteristic and usually distinctive blue-black edge. The mushrooms were photographed on two places near each other on the same pasture. Thez were growing solitary and in scattered groups of several fruit bodies. There were about 20 of them all together. Pilei diameter from 20 to 35(48) mm, stipe from 6 to 11 cm long and from 2 to 3.5 mm in diameter; taste mild, mushroomy, pleasant; smell pleasant, mushroomy; flesh brittle; stipe fibrous, hollow; SP abundant, pinkish-ochre, oac651.Spores irregular angular. Dimensions: 9.2 [10.1 ; 10.4] 11.3 x 6.5 [7.4 ; 7.8] 8.8 microns; Q = 1.2 [1.3 ; 1.4] 1.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 10.3 x 7.6 microns; Qe = 1.4. Olympus CH20, NEA100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 12345, Ulmer (2003), p 170. (2) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 162. (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 138. (4) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 422. (5) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.4., Verlag Mykologia (2000), p 104. (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 825.
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Dryden, New York, United States
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Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Stropharia caerulea Kreisel, syn.: Stropharia cyanea (Bolt. Secr.)Blue Roundhead, DE: Grnblaue Truschling, Blauen TruschlingSlo.: modrikasta strninicaDat.: Dec. 07. 2014Lat.: 46.36046 Long.: 13.70276Code: Bot_853/2014_DSC5171Habitat: on northeast side of a cottage, 2.5 m away of the woodshed, ruderal calcareous ground with organic debris mainly wood chips, shallow skeletal soil sparsely covered by vegetation, Utrica dioica dominant, flat terrain, mostly in shade, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.970 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil with a lot of organic debris.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, next to Trenta 2b cottage, 'Na melu' place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: Growing in a group of three fruit bodies, pilei very slimy, diameter 4 - 6 cm, the largest 1.5 cm thick; stipe dry, 3.5 - 5 cm tall, diameter 1.4 - 1.7 cm; trama of marble blue-white color; mycelium abundant, beige, root-like apparently interwoven with roots of a large Utrica dioica; SP abundant brown, oac638.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7,5 [8,3 ; 8,6] 9,5 x 4,5 [4,9 ; 5,1] 5,5 microns; Q = 1,5 [1,7] 1,9; N = 36; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 5 microns; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. reitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.4. Verlag Mykologia (2000), p 352.(2) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 110. (3) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 248. (4) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 4., Ulmer (2001), p 409. (5) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 275.
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Bodenham, England, United Kingdom
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A hardwood fungus found and eaten in the Neotropics and southeastern Asia. Cultivated in Brazil. Photo from near Yaveza in the Darien of Panama.
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy