Diagnostic Description
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Diagnosis: body relatively elongate with irregular, blotchy horizontal melanin pattern; no spots on pectoral fins; jaws large, with length of lower jaw 43.4-50.6% head length (Ref. 55922).Description: outer and inner teeth stout and unicuspid; inner teeth slightly to strongly recurved; 3-4 series of scales on the cheek; lower pharyngeal bone normal, but relatively elongate for the genus; pharyngeal teeth sharp and widely set, stout but not enlarged; gill-rakers stout and short, the largest flattened distally and claviform or bifid; 21-27 scales in upper part of lateral line, 13-16 in lower part; 5-6 scales between pectoral and pelvic fins (Ref. 55922).Coloration: Live: melanin pattern as in preserved specimens (Ref. 55922). Adult territorial males: body blue; anterior part of individual scales on body orange; fins blue-grey; dorsal fin with orange lappets and white submarginal band; pattern of orange-brown maculae and striae in dorsal and caudal fins more developed than in congenerics; distal part of anal fin orange-brown with large white ocelli; pelvic fin with white leading edge (Ref. 55922). Females: background color white or yellow with dark blotches; fins grey; dorsal fin lappets orange-brown; dorsal and caudal fins with brown maculae and striae (Ref. 55922). Color pattern of immature and non-territorial males intermediate between female and adult male pattern, with an increasing intensity of blue with increasing territoriality (Ref. 55922). Preserved: 4 longitudinal series of blotches: 2 dorsal series, 1 mid-lateral series and 1 ventral series; blotches more or less elongated, sometimes forming almost continuous horizontal bands, with some fusions between mid-lateral and dorsal series; base of dorsal fin along dorsum with a series of spots; general color of body and fins yellow to brown; dorsal and caudal fins with maculae; dorsal fin lappets, trailing edge of pelvic fin and ventral margin of anal fin whitish; dark stripe on the lachrymal mostly present (Ref. 55922).
Diseases and Parasites
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White spot Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
Diseases and Parasites
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Hole-in-the-Head Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
Diseases and Parasites
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Bacterial Infections (general). Bacterial diseases
Morphology
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Dorsal spines (total): 15 - 16; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 12; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 10 - 11
Biology
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Widespread but uncommon (Ref. 55922). Usually solitary in shallow, vegetated areas and in the intermediate sand-rock habitat (Ref. 5595, 55922). Feeds on small fishes (Ref. 5595).
- Recorder
- Crispina B. Binohlan
Importance
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aquarium: commercial
- Recorder
- Crispina B. Binohlan