More info for the terms:
association,
climax,
forest,
grassland,
habitat type,
minerotrophic,
shrub,
woodlandFringed brome occurs in a wide variety of habitat types including
pinyon-juniper (Pinus spp.-Juniperus spp.), quaking aspen (Populus
tremuloides), fir-spruce (Abies spp.-Picea spp.), subalpine fir (Abies
lasiocarpa), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), lodgepole pine (P.
contorta), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), maple (Acer spp.),
sagebrush, grassland, and riparian [
1,
6,
11,
40,
59]. It is an indicator
of aspen and riparian community types in the Intermountain region
[
11,
43,
45].
Fringed brome occurs in coniferous forest, in both climax and seral
communities. A Douglas-fir/fringed brome habitat type has been
described for northern New Mexico and northern Arizona [
1,
20,
38].
Fringed brome is a member of the single-leaf pinyon-Utah juniper (Pinus
monophylla-J. osteosperma) association of northern Arizona [
13].
Fringed brome is a dominant understory species in subalpine fir,
lodgepole pine, white fir (Abies concolor), and blue spruce (Picea
pungens) habitat types of Arizona and New Mexico [
1,
2,
20,
43]. It is a
common understory species in subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce (P.
engelmannii) habitat types of Idaho and western Wyoming [
11].
Fringed brome also occurs in a number of other communities. It is found
in seral aspen community types, including the aspen/fringed brome
community typed described for Utah [
48] and aspen-dominated community
types in Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico [
45]. Fringed brome is a
member of the sedge-goldenrod (Carex spp.-Solidago spp.) wet prairie
community in Michigan [
33]. It also occurs in peatlands of
north-central Minnesota in minerotrophic fens [
60].
In Canada, fringed brome is an understory species in a 100-year-old
black spruce (Picea mariana) forest in southeastern Manitoba [
14]. It
also occurs in stagnant plantations of prethicket white spruce (P.
glauca) on oldfield sites in Ontario [
56]. Fringed brome is a member
of the western snowberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) shrub community
in Alberta [
5].
The following publications list fringed brome as a community dominant:
A classification of forest habitat types of the northern portion of the
Cibola National Forest, New Mexico [
1]
Forest habitat types in the Apache, Gila, and part of the Cibola
National Forests, Arizona and New Mexico [
20]
Forest and woodland habitat types (plant associations) of northern New
Mexico and northern Arizona [
38]
A classification of spruce-fir and mixed conifer habitat types of
Arizona and New Mexico [
43]
Aspen community types of the Pike and San Isabel National Forests in
south-central Colorado [
48]
Species not previously mentioned but commonly associated with fringed
brome in New Mexico include Arizona white oak (Quercus arizonica),
Gambel oak (Q. gambelii), silverleaf oak (Q. hypoleucoides), alligator
juniper (Juniperus deppeana), Arizona walnut (Juglans major), Arizona
madrone (Arbutus arizonica), sacahuista (Nolina microcarpa), skunkbush
sumac (Rhus trilobata), mountain snowberry (Symphoricarpos oreophilus),
dwarf bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), desert ceanothus (Ceanothus
greggii), willow (Salix spp.), Oregon-grape (Mahonia repens), western
yarrow (Achillea millefolium), bush oceanspray (Holodiscus dumosus),
Fendler meadowrue (Thalictrum fendleri), New Mexico locust (Robinia
neomexicana), green ephedra (Ephedra viridis), broom snakeweed
(Gutierrezia sarothrae), Ross sedge (Carex rossii), Thurber fescue
(Fescue thurberi), Arizona fescue (F. arizonica), and Wolf currant
(Ribes wolfii) [
1,
13,
43].
Species not previously mentioned but commonly associated with fringed
brome in Utah and Wyoming include narrow-leaved cottonwood (Populus
angustifolium), black sage (Artemisia nova), serviceberry (Amelanchier
spp.), sticky geranium (Geranium viscosissimum), lupine (Lupinus spp.),
woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), fireweed (Epilobium
angustifolium), shrubby cinquefoil (Potentilla fruticosa), northern
bedstraw (Galium boreale), Fendler bluegrass (Poa fendleriana), and
slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus) [
3,
6,
12].