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Sea Sedge

Carex marina Dewey

Comments

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Plants from Greenland and Europe often with two spikes and short-beaked perigynia have been called Carex marina subsp. pseudolagopina (Sörensen) Böcher; subsp. marina from North America and Siberia differs in having usually (2–)3(–4) spikes usually equal in size (the terminal spike not larger than the others), narrower leaves, and a more distinct beak. Both types occur in the North American material, subsp. pseudolagopina tends to be more arctic in distribution. The subspecies are not recognized here as separate taxa.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 317 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Description

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Plants loosely cespitose, in small clumps; rhizomes short. Culms erect, slender, 10–15(–30) cm, rough distally. Leaves: sheaths pale brown abaxially, persisting, inner band thin, hyaline, sometimes red tinged, truncate or shallowly concave at summit; ligules shorter than wide; blades pale green to gray-green, flat or slightly involute, 5–10 cm × 1–2 mm, shorter than culms. Inflorescences 0.7–1.5 cm × 4–7 mm; proximal bracts scalelike, occasionally bristlelike, shorter than spikes. Spikes 2–3(–4), lateral spikes gynecandrous, closely approximate or the proximal slightly separate, individually distinct, containing 3–8 perigynia, oblong-clavate, 3–6 × 3–5 mm; terminal spike not clavate. Pistillate scales red-brown with lighter center and broad white-hyaline margins oblong-ovate, subequal to perigynia, apex obtuse. Perigynia appressed-ascending, green-white proximally, pale brown distally, often brown in age, finely several-veined, elliptic, 2–3 × 1.25–1.5 mm, widest near middle, apex conic with weakly convex, usually entire margin, subcoriaceous; beak indistinct. Achenes red-brown, broadly obovate, 1.25–1.5 × 1 mm, dull to slightly glossy. 2n = 62, 64.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 317 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Distribution

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Greenland; Man., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., Nunavut, Que., Yukon; Alaska; Europe (Spitsbergen Island, Norway; Vajgac Island, Russia).
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 317 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Flowering/Fruiting

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Fruiting Jul–Aug.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 317 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Habitat

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Boggy tundra, gravelly shores; 0–200m.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 317 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Synonym

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Carex amblyorhyncha V. I. Kreczetowicz
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 317 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Carex marina Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. 29: 247. 1836
"Carex glareosa Wahl." Liebm. Fl. Dan. 41 : 8. pi. 2430. 1845. (And of most authors.)
Carex neurochlaena Holm, Am. Jour. Sci. IV. 17: 301 ; 303./. /, 2. 1904. (Type from Rink Rapids,
Yukon.) Carex glareosa var. amphigena Fernald. Rhodora 8: 47. 1906. (Type from Bonaventure County,
Quebec. ) Carex glareosa f. elegantissima Kukenth. Allg. Bot. Zeits. 15: 35. 1909. (Type from island of
Sachalin, eastern Asia.) Carex amphigena Mackenzie, Bull. Torrey Club 37: 246. 1910. (Based on C. glareosa var. am-
pkigena Fernald. I Carex soriofkensis Lev. & Vaniot; Christ. & Lev. Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 19: 35. 1919. (Type
from island of Sachalin. eastern Asia.)
Loosely cespitose, the clumps small, the rootstocks very slender, dark-brown, fibrillose, the culms very slender, weak, often curved, 1.5-2.5 dm. high, much exceeding the leaves, obtusely triangular below, acutely triangular above, smooth on angles except immediately beneath head, brownish at base and conspicuously clothed with the dried-up leaves of the previous year; leaves with well-developed blades 4-8 to a fertile culm, clustered on the lower fourth, the blades canaliculate, light-green or blue-green, somewhat glaucous, usually 3-12 cm. long, 0.75-1.5 mm. wide, the sterile-culm leaves longer, roughened towards the attenuate apex, the sheaths tight, hyaline and thin ventrally, short-prolonged beyond base of blade and continuous with ligule; head 0.7-2.5 cm. long. 5-10 mm. thick, consisting of 2-4 approximate or slightly separate spikes, the terminal spike gynaecandrous, oblong, 7-12 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, the lower half long-clavate, staminate, the upper half with about 10 appressedascending perigynia, the lower spikes usually pistillate, oblong to suborbicular, 4-9 mm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, containing 5-S appressed-ascending perigynia; bracts scale-like, the lowest occasionally short-cuspidate; scales ovate, obtuse, thin, light-chestnut to reddish-brown, with yellowish-brown center and hyaline margins and apex, wider than but exceeded by the mature perigynia; perigynia plano-convex, broadly elliptic-obovate, 1.5-2.25 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, thick, membranaceous, whitish, sharp-edged above, but not at all winged, strongly many-nerved on both sides, densely white-punctate, substipitate, spongy and round-tapering at base, abruptly contracted at apex into a minute beak (0.4 mm. long I, smooth, entire, obliquely cut dorsallv; achenes lenticular, quadrate, obovate, 1.75 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, brownish, shining, substipitate, truncately minutely apieulate, closely enveloped; style very short, jointed with achene, at length deciduous; stigmas two, slender, reddish-brown. Type locality: "Found at the sea-coast of Arctic regions by Dr. Richardson." Distribution: Salt marshes, Greenland and Labrador to New Brunswick, and on the Pacific coast from southeastern Alaska to St. Lawrence Island; also on the coasts of northern Eurasia. (Specimens examined from Greenland. Turnuvik Island, Labrador, Newfoundland, James Bay, Quebec, Alaska.)
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bibliographic citation
Kenneth Kent Mackenzie. 1931. (POALES); CYPERACEAE; CARICEAE. North American flora. vol 18(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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