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Livid Sedge

Carex livida (Wahlenb.) Willd.

Comments

provided by eFloras
The distribution of Carex livida is very scattered; it is uncommon to rare over much of its range, especially in districts with predominantly acidic soils.

Plants occurring disjunctly in acidic soils of the New Jersey pine barrens are unusually broad leaved, occasionally with leaves to 6.5 mm wide. These populations need further research to assess their status.

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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 427, 429, 430 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Plants colonial, long-rhizomatous. Culms 15–55 cm, smooth to scabrous distally. Leaves: proximal sheaths pale brown to dark brown, occasionally red tinged, 4.5–8(–10) mm thick; ligules 1.2–3.9 mm, usually 0.6–1.5 times as long as wide; leaf blades very glaucous, channeled, 4.5–40 cm × 1.5–3.5(–6.5) mm, coriaceous. Inflorescences 2.2–8.59(–12) cm, 0.6–1.8 length of proximal bract; proximal bract 0.8–11 mm, sheath 0–1.2cm, blade 0.8-10 cm; pistillate spikes densely flowered, ovoid to short-cylindric, 0.7–2.5 cm × 4–5.5 mm wide; lateral spikes erect or ascending on stiff peduncles. Pistillate scales pale brown to dark purple-brown with broad green center and narrow hyaline margins, obtuse to acute. Perigynia strongly ascending in the spikes, glaucous, fusiform, 3–4.8(–5) × (1–)1.3–2 mm wide, heavily papillose; beak absent or minute, erect, straight. Achenes pale to dark brown, 2.1–2.5 × 1.2–1.8 mm wide. 2n = 32.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 427, 429, 430 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Distribution

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St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Calif., Ind., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Oreg., Vt., Wash., Wis., Wyo.; Central America (Panama); South America; Eurasia.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 427, 429, 430 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Flowering/Fruiting

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Fruiting late spring–early summer.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 427, 429, 430 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Habitat

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Boreal fens, calcareous floating mats; 0–1100m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 427, 429, 430 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Carex limosa Linnaeus var. livida Wahlenberg, Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24: 162. 1803
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 427, 429, 430 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Carex livida (Wahl.) Wilid. Sp. PI. 4: 285. 1805
Carex limosa var. livida Wahl. .Sv. Vet.-Akad. Nya Handl. 24: 162. 1803. (Type from Lapland.)
Carex Crayana Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. 25: 141. 1833. (Type from Utica, New York.)
Carex lanceala Dcwev, Am. Jour. Sci. 29: 249, in part. 1836. (Type from Cumberland River.)
Edritria livida Raf. Good Book 26. 1840. (liased on Carex livida Willd.)
Carex livida var rarficadj Paine, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 18: 159. 1865. (Type from Litchfield,
Herkimer County, New York.) Carex livida var. lypica Kernald, Rhodora 28: 8. 1926. (Based on C. limosa var. livida Wahl.) Carex livida var. Grayana Pernald, Rhodora 28: 8. 1926. (Based on C. Grayana Hcwcy.) Carex livida var. rufinaeformis Fcrnald, Rhodora 28: 8. 1926. (Type from Newfoundland.)
Rootstocks slender, elongate, the clumps small, sending forth long, slender, horizontal, white, scaly stolons; the culms 0.5-6 dm. high, slender, erect, triangular, smooth, exceeding or shorter than the leaves, light-brown at base, strongly phyllopodic, the dried-up leaves of the previous year very conspicuous; sterile shoots conspicuous, reduced to tufts of leaves; leaves 6-12 to a culm, bunched on the lower third, the blades deeply channeled, strongly glaucous, thickish, stifT, long-attenuate, ascending or spreading, 1-4 dm. long, 0.5-3.5 mm. wide, roughened towards the apex, the sheaths smooth, very thin, and hyaline ventrally, concave at mouth, the ligule short; terminal spike stamina te, rarely g>-naecandrous, roughpeduncled, linear, obclavate, 0.7-3 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, the scales oblong-obovate, obtuse, purplish, with greenish or lighter center and hyaline margins; pistillate spikes 1, 2 or 3, the upper two usually contiguous or only slightly separate, the lower more or less remote, sometimes subradical and long-peduncled, oblong, 1-2 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, sessile or short-exsertpeduncled, closely flowered, the perigynia 5-15, erect-ascending; bracts leaflet-like, the upper short-sheathing, the lower more strongly sheathing, one or both sometimes exceeding the culm; scales ovate, obtuse to acutish or somewhat mucronate, about the %vidth of and closely partially enveloping but usually considerably shorter than the perig^-nia, light-purplish with broad, green, 3-nerved center, and white-hyaline margins; perigynia oblong-ovoid, not inflated, somewhat flattened and obscurely obtusely triangular in cross-section, 2.2-4.5 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. wide, strongly glaucous-green, 2-keeled and finely many-nerved, submembranaceous, strongly puncticulate, tapering to the broadly stipitate base and to the entire, beakless, but slightly pointed or rounded apex, the orifice entire; achenes (sometimes twin) broadly ovoid, 2.5 mm. long, 1.75 mm. wide, completely filling perigynium, brownish-black, triangular with slightly concave sides and prominent angles, rounded and truncately stipitate at base, rounded at apex, strongly straightor bent-apiculate, jointed with the straight, slender, often slightly exserted style; stigmas three, long, slender, reddish-brown.
Type locality (of C limosa var. livida Wahl., on which C. livida is based): "In paludibus ad fontes sylvestres Lapponiae enontekensis."
Distribution: Sphagnum bogs or wet places, usually in calcareous districts, Labrador, Newfoundland, and Manitoba to Alaska, and southward to Connecticut, the pine barrens of New Jersey, northwestern New Jersey, Michigan. Idaho, and northwestern California; also in northern Europe. An inconspicuous species because it matures rapidly and soon drops its perigynia. (Specimens examined from Labrador, Newfoundland, St. Pierre, Quebec, Maine, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Manitoba, Saskatchewan. Alberta, Idaho. Washington, British Columbia, including Vancouver Island, northwestern California, Alaska.)
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bibliographic citation
Kenneth Kent Mackenzie. 1935. (POALES); CYPERACEAE; CARICEAE. North American flora. vol 18(4). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Carex livida

provided by wikipedia EN

Carex livida is a species of sedge known by the common names livid sedge and pale sedge.

Distribution

It has a scattered, interrupted circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout much of Eurasia and northern North America.[1] It also occurs in Panama and South America.[2] It is extirpated in California.[3]

Description

This sedge forms small clumps of stems up to 50 to 55 centimeters tall. The stiff, leathery leaves are a pale, waxy blue-gray and have channels on their surfaces. The inflorescence contains separate pistillate and staminate spikes. The plant spreads mostly by sprouting from its rhizome, but it also produces seed.[1][2]

This plant grows in wet substrates with groundwater at the surface. The soils are often calcareous and rich in nitrogen. It can typically be found in fens and bogs with sphagnum mosses and other sedges.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Williams, Tara Y. 1990. Carex livida. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
  2. ^ a b Carex livida. Flora of North America.
  3. ^ Carex livida. California Native Plant Society Rare Plant Profile.

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Carex livida: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Carex livida is a species of sedge known by the common names livid sedge and pale sedge.

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