Jungermanniidae

Oulanka Nationalpark, Kuusamo, Finland

Skillingbro kalkgrav, Rold Skov, Danmark

Frise, Netherlands

Bazzania trilobata (L.) Gray, syn.: Mastigobryum trilobatum (L.) Nees, Pleuroschisma trilobatum (L.) Dumort., Jungermannia trilobata L.Family: LepidoziaceaeEN: Greater Whipwort, Threelobed bazzania, DE: Grosses Peitschenlebermoos, Dreilappiges PeitschenmoosSlo.: trokrpi binikDat.: Oct. 26. 2021Lat.: 46.39886 Long.: 13.70239Code: Bot_1415/2021_DSC4855Habitat; mixed forest, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees; almost flat terrain, calcareous, old colluvial deposits; locally probably acid ground (understory vegetation mainly Vaccinium myrtillus L.), in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-5 deg C, elevations 1.000 m (3.280 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: humus layer on roots of a Picea abies stump in its initial stage of disintegration and on soil among the roots.Place: Upper Trenta valley, Zapodn place, right bank of (dry) Soa river bed, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments (pertains to pictures in the Flicker album Bazzania trilobata): Bazzania trilobata is a relatively common and among the largest and most noticeable leafy liverworts. Its quite large mats can be found on boggy soils, forest ground, rotten logs, and at the bases of trees. It is a widespread species. Most of others in this genus are more typical of tropical environments. Bazzania trilobata can be recognized by a special arrangement of its leaves. As seen in my close-up photos, the upper edges of the leaves overlap the lower edges of the leaves above them. This is so called incubous leaf arrangement. Most of other leafy liverworts have the opposite arrangement, succubous, where the lower edges of the leaves overlap the upper edges of the leaves below them. Liverworts superficially look similar to mosses. However, apart to other less conspicuous differences, they have differently arranged leaves on the stem. Liverwort leaves are usually arranged in two lateral ranks with a third row of usually much smaller and differently shaped leaves on the back side of the stem (see picture 7a.). Moss leaves have usually a spiral arrangement. If not so, they always lack the third row of the leaves.Ref.:(1) Ian Atherton, Ed., Mosses and Liverworts of Britain and Ireland - a field guide, British Bryological Society (2010), p82. (2) V. Wirth, R. Duell, Farbatlas Flechten und Moose, Ulmer, (2000), p 204.(3) B. Marbach, C. Kainz, Moose, Farne und Flechten, BLV (2002). p 46.(4) W. Rothmaler, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, Niedere Pflanzen, Band 1, 3.Aufl., Spectrum Akademischer Verlag (2005), p 660.

Helsinki, Newland, Finland

Longitude (deg): -0.2. Latitude (deg): 50.9. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: East Sussex. Vice county no.: 14. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on bank of ditch. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -0.8. Latitude (deg): 51.0. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 50' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 0' N. Vice county name: West Sussex. Vice county no.: 13. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -0.7. Latitude (deg): 51.1. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 40' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 10' N. Vice county name: Surrey. Vice county no.: 17. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Nikon Coolpix 950.

Longitude (deg): -3.1. Latitude (deg): 51.9. Longitude (deg/min): 3° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 60' N. Vice county name: Brecon. Vice county no.: 42. Country: Wales. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: On rock near stream in upland valley. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: Nikon D100 dSLR with Tamron SP T90 AF Macro 1:1 lens.

Longitude (deg): -1.8. Latitude (deg): 53.9. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 50' W. Latitude (deg/min): 53° 50' N. Vice county name: Mid-west Yorks. Vice county no.: 64. Country: England. Identified by: Mary Dalby (dec.). Comment: on rock. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -1.8. Latitude (deg): 53.9. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 50' W. Latitude (deg/min): 53° 50' N. Vice county name: Mid-west Yorks. Vice county no.: 64. Country: England. Identified by: Mary Dalby (dec.). Comment: on stone in stream. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -0.7. Latitude (deg): 51.3. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 50' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 20' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on bank at roadside. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -0.2. Latitude (deg): 50.9. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: East Sussex. Vice county no.: 14. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on muddy bank at side of muddy ditch. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -0.7. Latitude (deg): 51.1. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 40' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 10' N. Vice county name: Surrey. Vice county no.: 17. Country: England. Associated species: Sphagnum. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: in and around Sphagnum. Category: microscope photograph. Image scaling: magnified. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -4.6. Latitude (deg): 50.4. Longitude (deg/min): 4° 40' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 30' N. Vice county name: West Cornwall. Vice county no.: 1. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: in Alder carr. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS10D dSLR + Sigma 50mm 1:1 macro lens.

Longitude (deg): -0.7. Latitude (deg): 51.0. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 50' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 0' N. Vice county name: West Sussex. Vice county no.: 13. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on stream bank. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: highly enlarged. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): 0.0. Latitude (deg): 51.0. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 0' E. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 0' N. Vice county name: East Sussex. Vice county no.: 14. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on rock in stream. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -1.6. Latitude (deg): 50.9. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 40' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 60' N. Vice county name: South Wilts. Vice county no.: 8. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: "on fallen, decorticate oak (or perhaps chestnut) log". Category: standard photograph or close-up. Where photo was taken: In situ. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS600D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.

Skillingbro kalkgrav, Rold Skov, Danmark

Bazzania trilobata (L.) Gray, syn.: Mastigobryum trilobatum (L.) Nees, Pleuroschisma trilobatum (L.) Dumort., Jungermannia trilobata L.Family: LepidoziaceaeEN: Greater Whipwort, Threelobed bazzania, DE: Grosses Peitschenlebermoos, Dreilappiges PeitschenmoosSlo.: trokrpi binikDat.: Oct. 26. 2021Lat.: 46.39886 Long.: 13.70239Code: Bot_1415/2021_DSC4855Habitat; mixed forest, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees; almost flat terrain, calcareous, old colluvial deposits; locally probably acid ground (understory vegetation mainly Vaccinium myrtillus L.), in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-5 deg C, elevations 1.000 m (3.280 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: humus layer on roots of a Picea abies stump in its initial stage of disintegration and on soil among the roots.Place: Upper Trenta valley, Zapodn place, right bank of (dry) Soa river bed, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments (pertains to pictures in the Flicker album Bazzania trilobata): Bazzania trilobata is a relatively common and among the largest and most noticeable leafy liverworts. Its quite large mats can be found on boggy soils, forest ground, rotten logs, and at the bases of trees. It is a widespread species. Most of others in this genus are more typical of tropical environments. Bazzania trilobata can be recognized by a special arrangement of its leaves. As seen in my close-up photos, the upper edges of the leaves overlap the lower edges of the leaves above them. This is so called incubous leaf arrangement. Most of other leafy liverworts have the opposite arrangement, succubous, where the lower edges of the leaves overlap the upper edges of the leaves below them. Liverworts superficially look similar to mosses. However, apart to other less conspicuous differences, they have differently arranged leaves on the stem. Liverwort leaves are usually arranged in two lateral ranks with a third row of usually much smaller and differently shaped leaves on the back side of the stem (see picture 7a.). Moss leaves have usually a spiral arrangement. If not so, they always lack the third row of the leaves.Ref.:(1) Ian Atherton, Ed., Mosses and Liverworts of Britain and Ireland - a field guide, British Bryological Society (2010), p82. (2) V. Wirth, R. Duell, Farbatlas Flechten und Moose, Ulmer, (2000), p 204.(3) B. Marbach, C. Kainz, Moose, Farne und Flechten, BLV (2002). p 46.(4) W. Rothmaler, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, Niedere Pflanzen, Band 1, 3.Aufl., Spectrum Akademischer Verlag (2005), p 660.

Longitude (deg): -0.8. Latitude (deg): 51.0. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 50' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 0' N. Vice county name: West Sussex. Vice county no.: 13. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".

Longitude (deg): -0.7. Latitude (deg): 51.1. Longitude (deg/min): 0° 40' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 10' N. Vice county name: Surrey. Vice county no.: 17. Country: England. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Nikon Coolpix 950.

Longitude (deg): -3.1. Latitude (deg): 51.9. Longitude (deg/min): 3° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 60' N. Vice county name: Brecon. Vice county no.: 42. Country: Wales. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: On rock near stream in upland valley. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: Nikon D100 dSLR with Tamron SP T90 AF Macro 1:1 lens.

Longitude (deg): -2.4. Latitude (deg): 54.0. Longitude (deg/min): 2° 30' W. Latitude (deg/min): 54° 0' N. Vice county name: Mid-west Yorks. Vice county no.: 64. Country: England. Identified by: Mary Dalby (dec.). Comment: just above water on rocky stream bank. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".