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Behavior

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Communication has not been reported for this species. However, other viverrids are known to make some vocalizations. They also communicate through scent cues. Tactile communication is typically important between mates as well as between a mother and her young.

Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical

Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Conservation Status

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As is the case for may small, raindforest animals, the major threat to P. pardicolor is loss of habitat through clear-cut logging and conversion of forests to agriculture. However, because of its beautiful fur, hunting also threatens its survival.

US Federal List: endangered

CITES: appendix i

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Benefits

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There is no reported negative effect of these animals on humans.

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Benefits

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These animals are not thought to have any real economic impact on humans. Unlike other viverrids, spotted linsangs lack perineal glands so are not exploited for civet.

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Associations

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Spotted linsangs are arboreal predators of insects and small vertebrates. As such, they probably impact the populations of these animals.

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
author
Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Trophic Strategy

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Spotted linsangs feed mainly on rodents, but also eat birds, insects, small reptiles, frogs, eggs, and carrion. In addition to meat, these viverrids are known to eat fruit.

Animal Foods: birds; mammals; amphibians; eggs; carrion ; insects

Plant Foods: fruit

Primary Diet: carnivore (Eats terrestrial vertebrates)

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Distribution

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Prionodon pardicolor is native to most of mainland Southeast Asia, from India (Assam) to Vietnam, but has disappeared from much of its former range. It is no longer found in Sikkim and Thailand.

Biogeographic Regions: oriental (Native )

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Habitat

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Spotted linsangs occupy dense tropical forests. They have also been seen in areas with drier conditions.

Range elevation: 200 (high) m.

Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; rainforest

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Life Expectancy

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A captive P. linsang lived for 10 years and 8 months. No data are available for P. pardicolor.

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Morphology

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Prionodon pardicolor is a long, thin, cat-like, arboreal carnivore. It is 38 to 41 cm long from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail. The tail is 33 to 35 cm long. There are no reported differences in size between males and females. The head resembles that of a fox, but has a longer muzzle. The large, dark eyes see well at night. Hearing is acute and the pointy ears are highly mobile. The soft, dense fur feels like velvet and is cryptically colored with spots arranged in longitudinal rows. Individuals vary in coat color from orange-buff to pale brown. The long and fluffy tail is banded with eight to ten dark rings. The large, well padded feet are covered with short hair and have retractile claws. The front paws have claw sheaths, but the hind feet have protective lobes of skin. The complete covering of the legs by hair helps to distinguish linsangs from other members of the family Viverridae. In addition, these animals lack a perineal gland, and the second upper molars are missing.

Average mass: 595 g.

Range length: 38 to 41 cm.

Sexual Dimorphism: sexes alike

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
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Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Associations

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Predators have not been reported for this species.

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Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
author
Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
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James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Reproduction

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The mating system of these animals has not been reported.

Spotted linsangs have one breeding season in February and a second in August. Individual females can produce one or two litters per year. Although no details are available on the reproductive cycle of P. pardicolor, the estrus cycle for banded linsangs (P. linsang), a related species, is 11 days. Litters of two are common. Newborn weight for P. linsang is 40 g. The young are hidden in tree or root hollows lined with dried vegetation, where they may stay until weaning. It is unknown if their mother teaches the young to hunt.

Further details on the reproduction of this species are not available. It is unknown when animals are weaned, when they disperse, at what age they reach sexual maturity, and at what age they first breed.

Breeding interval: Spotted linsangs are able to breed twice annually

Breeding season: February and August

Range number of offspring: 1 to 2.

Average number of offspring: 2.

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization ; viviparous

Like most carnivores, the young of this species are born helpless. A mother hides her young in tree or root hollows lined with dried vegetation, where they may stay until weaning. It is not known whether the mother teaches the young to hunt.

In addition to seeing that her offspring are in a safe location, the mother provides the young with milk. It is not known whether or not the male provides parental care in this species.

Parental Investment: no parental involvement; altricial ; pre-fertilization (Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)

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bibliographic citation
Kepner, B. 2003. "Prionodon pardicolor" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Prionodon_pardicolor.html
author
Brian Kepner, California State University, Sacramento
editor
James Biardi, California State University, Sacramento
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Nancy Shefferly, Animal Diversity Web
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Spotted linsang

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The spotted linsang (Prionodon pardicolor) is a linsang, a tree-dwelling carnivorous mammal, native to much of Southeast Asia. It is widely, though usually sparsely, recorded, and listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.[2]

Characteristics

The spotted linsang resembles the banded linsang in its long, slender body, short limbs, elongated neck and head, and long tail. The ground colour ranges from dusky brown to light buff. Two long stripes extend from behind the ears to the shoulders or beyond, and two shorter stripes run along the neck. Three to four longitudinal rows of spots adorn the back, their size decreasing towards the belly. The fore legs are spotted to the paw, the hind legs to the hock. The cylindrical tail has eight or nine broad dark rings, separated by narrow white rings. The feet have five digits, and the area between the pads is covered with hair. The claws are retractile, claw sheaths are present on the fore paws, but the hind-paws have protective lobes of skin.[3] It weighs about 0.45 kg (1 lb) and measures in length about 360–380 mm (14–15 in) with a 30–33 cm (12–13 in) long tail. Its height is about 13–14 cm (5–5.5 in), the girth of its chest 14.6 cm (5.75 in), and length of head to the occiput about 7.6 cm (3 in).[4]

Distribution and habitat

The range of the spotted linsang includes eastern Nepal, Sikkim, Assam and Bengal in India, Bhutan, northeastern Myanmar, northern Thailand, Laos, northern Vietnam, and western Sichuan, Yunnan Guizhou and southwestern Guangxi in southern China. It is uncommon to rare throughout this range.[3] It is rarely observed in northern Bengal.[5] It primarily inhabits evergreen forests and shrubland. A large portion of this habitat is not protected, and this may cause the spotted linsang to be threatened with extinction due to habitat loss.[6] In Nam Et-Phou Louey National Biodiversity Conservation Area, it was observed in secondary vegetation dominated by banana stands in 2017.[7]

Ecology and behaviour

The spotted linsang is nocturnal, solitary, and at least partly arboreal.[8] It uses hollows in trees as resting and denning sites.[4] It hunts on the ground and in trees and feeds on rodents, frogs and snakes. It has also been observed feeding on carcass.[3]

Taxonomy

The Asiatic linsangs (Prionodon) are not, as was traditionally thought, members of the Viverridae (which does include the African linsangs), and may instead be the closest living relatives of the family Felidae. They have been placed in their own family, the Prionodontidae.[9]

References

  1. ^ Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Species Prionodon pardicolor". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 532–628. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ a b c Duckworth, J.W.; Lau, M.; Choudhury, A.; Chutipong, W.; Timmins, R.J.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Chan, B.; Long, B.; Roberton, S. (2016). "Prionodon pardicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41706A45219917. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41706A45219917.en. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  3. ^ a b c Van Rompaey, H. (1995). The Spotted Linsang, Prionodon pardicolor. Small Carnivore Conservation 13: 10–13.
  4. ^ a b Hodgson, B. H. (1847). "Observations on the manners and structure of Prionodon pardicolor". Calcutta Journal of Natural History. 8: 40–45.
  5. ^ Choudhury, A. U. (1999). "Conservation of small carnivores (mustelids, viverrids, herpestids and one ailurid) in north Bengal, India". Small Carnivore Conservation (20): 15–17.
  6. ^ Jennings, A.P. & Veron, G. (2015). "Predicted distributions, niche comparisons, and conservation status of the spotted linsang (Prionodon pardicolor) and banded linsang (Prionodon linsang)". Mammal Research. 60 (2): 107−116. doi:10.1007/s13364-014-0204-y. S2CID 17396993.
  7. ^ Chua, M. A. H. & Lim, K. K. P. (2017). "Spotted Linsang Prionodon pardicolor at Nam Et - Phou Louey National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Lao" (PDF). Southeast Asia Vertebrate Records (2017): 5–6.
  8. ^ Chua, M.A.H.; Lim, K.K.P. (2017). "Spotted Linsang Prionodon pardicolor at Nam Et - Phou Louey National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Laos" (PDF). Southeast Asia Vertebrate Records.
  9. ^ Philippe Gaubert and Geraldine Veron, "Exhaustive sample set among Viverridae reveals the sister-group of felids: the linsangs as a case of extreme morphological convergence within Feliformia", The Royal Society (October 15, 2003).
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Spotted linsang: Brief Summary

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The spotted linsang (Prionodon pardicolor) is a linsang, a tree-dwelling carnivorous mammal, native to much of Southeast Asia. It is widely, though usually sparsely, recorded, and listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.

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