Petrosiidae van Soest 1980

All Biocode files are based on field identifications to the best of the researcher’s ability at the time.

Xestospongia testudinaria is not the primary subject of the video clip; the primary subject is Lauriea siagiani (Hairy squat lobster). Coral Sea, Duration 15 seconds

Barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta)--these sponges may live for 100 years and grow to over 18 meters tallFrom NOAA-Ocean Explorer website:"The barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta) may live for 100 years and grow to over 6 ft (18.m) tall. While populations have declined at sites throughout the Caribbean, they appear to be quite healthy on Little Cayman Island."

Mabul, Sabah, Malaysia

Central Singapore, Singapore

Central Singapore, Singapore

Petrosia (Petrosia) revizee Rocha, Moraes, Salani & Hajdu, 2021. MNRJ 44461. The holotype, MNRJ 22190, was sorted out from among these many broken branches.

In situ photo of ZMA Por. 14514 made by B.W. Hoeksema, Indonesia, North Sulawesi, Bunaken, S of Bangka Island, 6-5-1998, 21 m

In situ photo of holotype, taken from Díaz et al. 2007. pp. 35, in Porifera Research: Biodiversity, Innovation and Sustainability.

Holotype ZMA Por. 06404

a, holotype RMNH Por. 9239 in situ, b, paratype RMNH Por. 9242 in situ, c-d, ditto on deck, e, surface skeleton, f, cross section of skeleton

Indo-Pacific, Duration 64 seconds

Giant barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta) exhibiting exposed tissue where portions of the barrels have been sheared off by stormFrom Wikimedia CommonsThe elkhorn coral colony at West Flower Garden Bank, located at approximately 27°54'33" N, 93°35'59" W, in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, is situated behind the barrel sponge in this photo (October 2008) .

Kampong Salabin, South East, Singapore

Bukit Merah, Central Singapore, Singapore

Central Singapore, Singapore

MNRJ 13119, paratype of Petrosia (Petrosia) revizee Rocha, Moraes, Salani & Hajdu, 2021 in situ. Scale = 5 cm.

SEM photos of spicules, taken from Díaz et al. 2007.

Paratype ZMA POr. 06409, in situ, covered in sand

a, fragment of paratype RMNH Por. 9250 on deck, b, oxeas