Himantura is a genus of stingray in the family Dasyatidae that is native to the Indo-Pacific. In a 2016 taxonomic revision, many of the species formerly assigned to Himantura were reassigned to other genera (Brevitrygon, Fluvitrygon, Maculabatis, Pateobatis, Styracura and Urogymnus).[1]
Species
Four species are recognized as valid by some authors,[2] while other authors recognize five valid species.[3]
The fifth species, Himantura tutul (fine-spotted leopard whipray)[4] has had its validity disputed [5] and has been considered a junior synonym of H. uarnak by the Catalog of Fishes.[2] However, H. tutul was previously confused not with H. uarnak, but with H. leoparda, and subsequently shown to be genetically distinct and reproductively isolated from both H. uarnak and H. leoparda.[6][7][8] Both adult H. leoparda and H. tutul present leopard-like ocellated spots. These are smaller and less numerous in H. tutul.[4][6][7]
References
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^ Last, P.R.; Naylor, G.J.; Manjaji-Matsumoto, B.M. (2016). "A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights". Zootaxa. 4139 (3): 345–368. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.2. PMID 27470808.
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^ a b Eschmeyer, W.N.; R. Fricke; R. van der Laan (24 April 2018). "Catalog of Fishes". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
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^ Fernando, D.; Brown, R.M.K.; Tanna, A.; Gobiraj, R.; Ralicki, H.; Jockusch, E.L.; Ebert, D.A.; Jensen, K.; Caira, J.N. (2019). "New insights into the identities of the elasmobranch fauna of Sri Lanka". Zootaxa. 4585 (2): 201–238. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4585.2.1. PMID 31716166. S2CID 146082424.
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^ a b Borsa, P.; Durand, J.-D.; Shen, K.-N.; Arlyza, I.S.; Solihin, D.D.; Berrebi, P. (2013). "Himantura tutul sp. nov. (Myliobatoidae, Dasyatidae), a new ocellated whipray from the tropical Indo-West Pacific, described from its cytochrome-oxidase I gene sequence" (PDF). Comptes Rendus Biologies. 336 (2): 82–92. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2013.01.004. PMID 23608177. S2CID 13204782.
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^ Weigmann, S. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity". Journal of Fish Biology. 88 (3): 837–1037. doi:10.1111/jfb.12874. PMID 26860638.
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^ a b Arlyza, I.S.; Shen, K.-N.; Solihin, D.D.; Soedharma D.; Berrebi, P.; Borsa, P. (2013). "Species boundaries in the Himantura uarnak species complex (Myliobatiformes : Dasyatidae)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 66 (1): 429–435. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.09.023. PMID 23023209. S2CID 17310045.
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^ a b Borsa, P. (2017). "Comment on 'Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity' by Weigmann (2016)" (PDF). Journal of Fish Biology. 90 (4): 1170–1175. doi:10.1111/jfb.13235. PMID 28026866.
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^ Philippe Borsa; Collin T. Williams; Ashlie J. McIvor; Thierry B. Hoareau; Michael L. Berumen (2021). "Neotype designation and re-description of Forsskål's reticulate whipray Himantura uarnak". Marine Biodiversity. 51 (2): 28. doi:10.1007/s12526-021-01180-1. hdl:10754/665804. S2CID 255610805.
