Oratosquilla massavensis (Kossman)

Oratosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880)

Squilla africana.—Steuer, 1936: 13, figs. 9-15 [Egypt, Israel]; 1938:9, 10, figs. 9-15 [Egypt]. [Not Squilla africana Calman, 1917, preoccupied, = Squilla aculeata calmani Holthuis, 1959.]

Squilla massavensis.—Gruvel, 1936:177 [Egypt].—Monod, 1937:5 [Egypt], 18 [listed].—Steuer, 1937 [Nachtrag]: unnumbered page [Egypt].—Dollfus, 1938:186 [Egypt].—Tortonese, 1951:220, 240 [Egypt, Palestine].—Holthuis, 1961:63 [Turkey].—Ingle, 1963:15, figs. 3, 15, 32, 34 [all Israel], 62 [Red Sea] [Israel, Cyprus].—Gilat, 1964:16, 32, 37 [Israel].—Steinitz, 1967:167 [listed].—Geldiay and Kocatas, 1969:6, fig. la, c, figure on unnumbered plate [Turkey].—Gilat, 1974:B3, B4 [Israel].

Squilla massauensis.—Tortonese, 1952:5 [Lake Timsah, Egypt].

Squilla ?massavensis.—Williamson, 1967:61, fig. 18 [larvae; Israel].

Squilla massawensis.—Por, 1971:156, pl. 2: fig. 5.—Por, Steinits, Ferber, and Aron, 1972:470 [discussion].

Oratoquilla massavensis.—Manning, 1977a:130, fig. 44 [diagnosis].

MATERIAL.—EGYPT: Suez Canal, km 4–5; 27 Feb 1934; MNHN: 1, 140 mm, 1, 86 mm.

ISRAEL: Off N Sinai, 31°15′N, 32°41′E; 16 m; sand-stones; 31 Oct 1975; Ch. Lewinsohn; NS 13630: 2, 42–86 mm. Same, 31°23′N, 33°16′E; 30–32 m; 2 Nov 1975; Ch. Lewinsohn; NS 13631: 1, 137 mm. Same, 31°20′N, 33°22′E; 18 m; mud; 2 Nov 1975; Ch. Lewinsohn; NS 13629: 1, 88 mm, 1, 33 mm. Same, 31°22′N, 33°36′E; 36–56 m; 30 Oct 1975; Ch. Lewinsohn; USNM: 2, 115–125 mm, 1, 75 mm. Same, 31°26′N, 34°11′E; 36 m; mud; 30 Oct 1975; Ch. Lewinsohn; NS 13632: 4, 29–83 mm. Off Bardawil lagoon (Sirbonian lagoon, 31°10′N, 33°10′E), N Sinai; 9–18 m; 1–3 Jul 1977; M. Tom; NS 13583 (2, 2, USNM): 12, 77–113 mm, 10, 82–104 mm. Same; 14.5–27 m; 14–20 Nov 1977; M. Tom; NS 13880: 38, 60–151 mm (most ca. 120 mm), 81, 67–167 mm (most ca. 130 mm). Off Nizzanim, 31°44′N, 34°31′E; 35 m; 26 Jan 1977; B. Galil; NS 13662: 1, 54 mm. Off Palmahim, 31°55′N, 34°39′E; 35 m; 24 Jan 1977; B. Galil; USNM: 2 (1 broken), 20 mm, 4, 19–56 mm, 4 postlarvae (2, 2), 17–18 mm. Same, 31°55′N, 34°39′E; 35 m; 24 Jan 1977; B. Galil; NS 13668: 3, 17–22 mm. Same, 31°56′N, 34°39′E; 35 m; 25 Jan 1977; B. Galil; NS 13666: 2, 20–31 mm. Same, 31°55′N, 34°39′E; 35 m; 25 Jan 1977; B. Galil; NS 13667: 2, 19–23 mm. Same, 31°35′N, 34°39′E; 35 m; 2 May 1977; B. Galil; NS 13664: 2, 35–53 mm, 2, 33–56 mm. Same, 31°56′N, 34°39′E; 35 m; 3 May 1977; B. Galil; NS 13663: 1, 57 mm, 4, 34–54 mm. Same, 31°35′N, 34°39′E; 35 m; 3 May 1977; B. Galil; USNM: 1, 40 mm, 1, 66 mm. Same, 31°55′N, 34°35′E; 50 m; 3 May 1977; B. Galil; NS 13665: 2, both 38 mm. Haifa Bay, 32°52′N, 34°58′E; 24 m; 25 Dec 1974; M. Tom; USNM: 1 postlarva, 15 mm. Same, 32°52′N, 34°58′E; 25 m; sand; 17 Sep 1975; M. Tom; USNM: 1 postlarva, 17 mm. Same, 32°52′N, 34°58′E; 25 m; sand; 17 Sep 1975; M. Tom; NS 13548: 2, 24–33 mm, 2, 23–53 mm. Same, 32°53′N, 34°59′E; 31 m; silt-sand; 13 Feb 1975; M. Tom; NS 15448: 3, 30–40 mm, 9, 23–47 mm. Same, 32°53′N, 34°59′E; 31 m; silt-sand; 13 Feb 1975; M. Tom; NS 15488: 1, 64 mm. Same, 32°53′N, 34°59′E; 31 m; sand-silt; 13 Feb 1975; M. Tom; USNM: 1 damaged . Same, 32°53′N, 34°59′E; 31 m; silt-sand; 17 Sep 1975; M. Tom; USNM: 1, 17 mm. Same, 32°54′N, 34°56′E; 45 m; 25 Dec 1974; M. Tom; NS 15484: 1, 18 mm. Same, 32°54′N, 34°56′E; 46 m; 17 Sep 1975; M. Tom; NS 15220: 1, 30 mm. Same, 32°54′N, 34°54′E; 70 m; silt-clay; 17 Sep 1975; M. Tom; USNM: 1, 54 mm, 1 mm. Same, 32°54′N, 34°53′E; 75 m; silt-clay; 24 Dec 1974; M. Tom; NS 15438: 1, 37 mm. Same, 32°56′N, 34°55′E; 74 m; silt-clay; 24 Dec 1974; M. Tom; USNM: 7, 21–32 mm, 4, 24–33 mm.

LEBANON: St. George's Bay (33°54′N, 35°33′E); C. George; USNM: 39, 55–148.5 mm, 40, 52–119 mm (in 16 lots).

TURKEY: 1–2 km off S coast, between Lara and Zincir, 10–18 km S of Antalya (36°53′N, 30°42′E); 15–20 m; fine sand; Leiden University; 25 Apr 1959; USNM: 1, 116 mm.

CYPRUS: Famagusta (35°07′N, 33°57′E); 28 Sep 1956; USNM: 1, 69 mm. Koma-tou-Yialou (Komialik, 35°25′N, 34°08′E); 22 Oct 1968; SLM 902: 1, 132 mm.

DIAGNOSIS.—Size moderate to large, maximum length more than 200 mm. Rostral plate (Figure 5a) subtriangular, unarmed anteriorly, lacking median carina. Cornea (Figure 5b) bilobed. Carapace with median carina, anterior bifurcation reduced or absent, anterolateral spines present. Thoracic and abdominal somites with submedian carinae. Mandibular palp and 4 epipods present. Dactylus of claw with 6 teeth. Lateral process of fifth thoracic somite (Figure 5d) bilobed. Telson (Figure 5e) with fixed apices on submedian teeth, 2 pairs of fixed teeth present laterally, prelateral lobes present; dorsal surface of telson with rows of erect tubercles in adults.

SIZE.—Our specimens have total lengths ranging from 17 to 157 mm for males and 17 to 167 mm for females. The total lengths of postlarvae range from 15 to 18 mm, so that the sizes of postlarvae and juveniles overlap slightly. Our specimens are considerably smaller than specimens from Suez studied by Tattersall (1921:356), who saw material of both sexes with total lengths of 216 mm.

DISTRIBUTION.—Red Sea and eastern basin of the Mediterranean between Egypt and Turkey (Holthuis, 1967b). The following eastern Mediterranean records are in the literature:

EGYPT: Alexandria (31°12′N, 29°54′E) (Gruvel, 1936; Tortonese, 1951). Off Alexandria, 15 fms (27 m) (Steuer, 1936, 1938). Suez Canal (Gruvel, 1936; Monod, 1937); at km 4–5 (Dollfus, 1938). Port Said (Gruvel, 1936). Lake Timsah (Tortonese, 1952).

ISRAEL: Palestine (Tortonese, 1951). Mediterranean coast of Israel (Ingle, 1963). El-Arish (31°08′N, 33°48′E), 9-15 m and 18 m (Gilat, 1974). Khan Yunis (31°21′N, 34°19′E), 5 m (Steuer, 1936). Between Ashdod (31°49′N, 34°39′E) and Bat-Yam (32°01′N, 34°45′E), 9, 9–18, 35–40, and 36–42 m (Gilat, 1964).

LEBANON: No specific locality (Manning, 1977a). Beirut (33°53′N, 35°30′E) (Holthuis, 1961).

TURKEY: Iskenderun Körfezi (Gulf of Iskanderun, 36°30′N, 36°08′E), 18–20 m; Antalya Körfezi (Gulf of Antalya, 36°30′N, 31°00′E), 55–60 m (Geldiay and Kocatas, 1969). 5 km off SE coast near Mersin (36°48′N, 34°38′E), 10 m; 1–2 km off S coast, between Lara and Zincir, 10–18 km S of Antalya (36°53′N, 30°42′E), 15–20 m (Holthuis, 1961).

CYPRUS: Famagusta (35°07′N, 33°57′E) (Ingle, 1963).

Oratosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880)

Squilla massavensis Kossmann, 1880:99.—Holthuis, 1967:13, 39.

Oratosquilla massavensis.—Makarov, 1971:146.—Lewinsohn and Manning, 1980:20, figs. 5, 6, 7b [Mediterranean records].

MATERIAL.—Gulf of Suez. Trawl net from 28°47′N, 33°09′E to 28°41′N, 33°08′30″E, 36–38 m, 12 Nov 1972, Lewinsohn, leg., 1 86 mm, NS 19023 (TAU).

SIZE.—Total length of only female examined 86 mm.

COLOR.—Not noted.

List of Adult Stomatopoda Known from the Red Sea

Adults of 33 species of stomatopods are now known from localities within the Red Sea, and these are listed below. Reference numbers of those species described in this study are in parentheses. Larval forms are not included in the list; accounts of larvae of Red Sea species have been provided by Gurney (1937), Gohar and Al-Kholy (1957), and Williamson (1970). Our listing of adults, based on the complete list of Red Sea stomatopods compiled by L.B. Holthuis in 1967, includes references published since then, but does not duplicate the detailed synonymies he provided. Synonyms are indented under the applicable species entries.