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Early Meadow Rue

Thalictrum dioicum L.

Comments

provided by eFloras
Glandular plants of Thalictrum dioicum have often been misidentified as T . revolutum despite important differences, especially the leaflets having crenate versus entire lobe margins, respectively. The stamens in both T . dioicum and T . revolutum are pendulous.

Native Americans used roots of Thalictrum dioicum in various preparations to treat diarrhea and vomiting and for heart palpitations (D. E. Moerman 1986).

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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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Description

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Roots yellow to light brown, fibrous, from stout caudex. Stems erect, 30-80 cm, glabrous or glandular. Leaves basal and cauline, petiolate. Leaf blade 1-4×-ternately compound; leaflets reniform or cordate to obovate or orbiculate, apically 3-12-lobed, 10-45 mm wide, lobe margins often crenate, surfaces abaxially glabrous or glandular. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, panicles to corymbs, many flowered. Flowers: sepals greenish to purple, ovate or obovate to oval, 1.8-4 mm; filaments yellow to greenish yellow, 3.5-5.5 mm; anthers 2-4 mm, mucronate to acuminate; stigma purple. Achenes (3-)7--13, not reflexed, sessile or nearly so; stipe terete, 0-0.2 mm; body ovoid to ellipsoid, not laterally compressed, 3.5-5 mm, glabrous, very strongly veined, veins not anastomosing-reticulate; beak 1.5-3 mm.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Distribution

provided by eFloras
Man., Ont., Que.; Ala., Conn., D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Flowering/Fruiting

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Flowering spring (Apr-Jun).
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Habitat

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Rocky woods, ravines, and alluvial terraces, mountains and piedmont; 10-1000m.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 3 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Common Names

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: dioecious, forb

early meadow-rue
quicksilver-weed
dioecious meadowrue


TAXONOMY:
The scientific name for early meadow-rue is Thalictrum dioicum L.
It has three recognized varieties in Canada:

Thalictrum dioicum var. adiantinum Greene,
Thalictrum dioicum var. huronense Greene
Thalictrum dioicum var. langfordii Greene [19].

In Canada and Minnesota, this species has been confused with
Thalictrum venulosum Trel., which is a separate and valid species [12].


LIFE FORM:
Forb

FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS:
No special status

OTHER STATUS:
NO-ENTRY





DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Thalictrum dioicum
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION:
Early meadow-rue's range extends from south-central Canada south to
Georgia and Alabama. It is distributed eastward from the Mississippi
River to the Atlantic Coast [9,17,20,21].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Pavek, Diane S. 1992. Thalictrum dioicum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Distribution

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Early meadow-rue's range extends from south-central Canada south to
Georgia and Alabama. It is distributed eastward from the Mississippi
River to the Atlantic Coast [9,17,20,21].



Distribution of early meadow-rue. Map courtesy of USDA, NRCS. 2018. The PLANTS Database.
National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC [2018, June 6] [23].

license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Pavek, Diane S. 1992. Thalictrum dioicum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Key Plant Community Associations

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: forest

Early meadow-rue is listed as a dominant in the following classification:

Field guide to forest habitat types of northern Wisconsin - Kotar & others 1988
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Pavek, Diane S. 1992. Thalictrum dioicum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Life Form

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: forb

Forb
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Pavek, Diane S. 1992. Thalictrum dioicum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Phenology

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

More info for the term: fruit

With its leaves about half grown, early meadow-rue blooms early in spring
(April or May) throughout its range [9,17,20,21]. It flowers with or
before the expansion of leaves on deciduous trees. Fruit begins to
mature approximately 1 month later (June) [9,17,20,21]. Leaves are
maintained throughout summer. In fall, leaves become senescent, and
there are no living shoots during winter [9,17,20,21].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Pavek, Diane S. 1992. Thalictrum dioicum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Post-fire Regeneration

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Caudex, growing points in soil
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Pavek, Diane S. 1992. Thalictrum dioicum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Taxonomy

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
The scientific name for early meadow-rue is Thalictrum dioicum L.
It has three recognized varieties in Canada:

Thalictrum dioicum var. adiantinum Greene,
Thalictrum dioicum var. huronense Greene
Thalictrum dioicum var. langfordii Greene [19].

In Canada and Minnesota, this species has been confused with
Thalictrum venulosum Trel., which is a separate and valid species [12].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Pavek, Diane S. 1992. Thalictrum dioicum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Thalictrum dioicum

provided by wikipedia EN

Thalictrum dioicum, the early meadow-rue[1] or quicksilver-weed, is a species of herbaceous plants in the family Ranunculaceae. Plants are typically upright growing woodland natives from Colorado Rocky Mountain forests to central and eastern North America including parts of south eastern Canada. This species has dioecious plants, with male and female flowers on separate plants blooming in early to mid spring.

Thalictrum dioicum grows from 30 to 80 cm tall, from upright caudex, with yellow-gold colored – thick fibrous roots. New caudexes are generated each year by the current years plant and the old caudex withers away in the fall and early spring of the next year. In early spring plants grow, producing glabrous or glandular leaves. both basal and cauline leaves are produced that have long petioles. Leaf blades are 1-4×-ternately compound with leaflets reniform or cordate to obovate or orbiculate in shape. The leaflets are 10–45 mm wide with lobed margins often crenate, and the undersides are normally glabrous or glandular. Inflorescences are panicles or corymbs produced terminally and axillary with many flowered branches. The flowers have no petals but have greenish colored, 1.8–4 mm long sepals sometimes tinted purple. The sepals are ovate to obovate or oval in shape. On male plants, the flower filaments are the most showy part of the hanging flowers, being yellow to greenish yellow in color and 3.5-5.5 mm long. The filaments end in anthers 2–4 mm long that are mucronate to acuminate in shape with purple colored stigma. After blooming, female plants if fertilized, produce green fruits called achenes. Each flower that is fertilized typically produces (3-)7 to 13 achenes that are not reflexed and sessile or nearly so in tight clusters. The achenes are ovoid to ellipsoid in shape and not laterally compressed, 3.5–5 mm long, glabrous, very strongly veined, with 1.5 to 3 mm long beaks, ripening in mid summer.[2]

Plants are grown in shade gardens for their attractive lacy foliage that is reminiscent of columbines or maiden hair fern. The males produce more showy flowers than the female plants, blooming in early spring with the flowers and foliage rising out of the ground in club-like clusters with the basal leaves unfolding first. Plants start to flower before the compound leaves have completely unfolded. This species, like some others of its genus, is pollinated via wind action (anemophily).[3] Males start off the year taller than the females, but as the fruits grow females are taller typically in summer.

References

  1. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Thalictrum dioicum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  2. ^ Park, Marilyn M.; Festerling Jr., Dennis. "Thalictrum dioicum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  3. ^ Steven, Janet; Waller, Donald (2004). "Reproductive alternatives to insect pollination in four species of Thalictrum (Ranunculaceae)". Plant Species Biology. 19 (2): 73–80. doi:10.1111/j.1442-1984.2004.00103.x. Retrieved 6 December 2018.

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Thalictrum dioicum: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Thalictrum dioicum, the early meadow-rue or quicksilver-weed, is a species of herbaceous plants in the family Ranunculaceae. Plants are typically upright growing woodland natives from Colorado Rocky Mountain forests to central and eastern North America including parts of south eastern Canada. This species has dioecious plants, with male and female flowers on separate plants blooming in early to mid spring.

Thalictrum dioicum grows from 30 to 80 cm tall, from upright caudex, with yellow-gold colored – thick fibrous roots. New caudexes are generated each year by the current years plant and the old caudex withers away in the fall and early spring of the next year. In early spring plants grow, producing glabrous or glandular leaves. both basal and cauline leaves are produced that have long petioles. Leaf blades are 1-4×-ternately compound with leaflets reniform or cordate to obovate or orbiculate in shape. The leaflets are 10–45 mm wide with lobed margins often crenate, and the undersides are normally glabrous or glandular. Inflorescences are panicles or corymbs produced terminally and axillary with many flowered branches. The flowers have no petals but have greenish colored, 1.8–4 mm long sepals sometimes tinted purple. The sepals are ovate to obovate or oval in shape. On male plants, the flower filaments are the most showy part of the hanging flowers, being yellow to greenish yellow in color and 3.5-5.5 mm long. The filaments end in anthers 2–4 mm long that are mucronate to acuminate in shape with purple colored stigma. After blooming, female plants if fertilized, produce green fruits called achenes. Each flower that is fertilized typically produces (3-)7 to 13 achenes that are not reflexed and sessile or nearly so in tight clusters. The achenes are ovoid to ellipsoid in shape and not laterally compressed, 3.5–5 mm long, glabrous, very strongly veined, with 1.5 to 3 mm long beaks, ripening in mid summer.

Plants are grown in shade gardens for their attractive lacy foliage that is reminiscent of columbines or maiden hair fern. The males produce more showy flowers than the female plants, blooming in early spring with the flowers and foliage rising out of the ground in club-like clusters with the basal leaves unfolding first. Plants start to flower before the compound leaves have completely unfolded. This species, like some others of its genus, is pollinated via wind action (anemophily). Males start off the year taller than the females, but as the fruits grow females are taller typically in summer.

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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