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2018 California Academy of Sciences
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2018 California Academy of Sciences
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1998 California Academy of Sciences
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1998 California Academy of Sciences
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1998 California Academy of Sciences
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1998 California Academy of Sciences
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1999 California Academy of Sciences
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall.Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks.Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS.Ref.:(1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall. Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks. Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall. Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks. Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall. Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks. Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall. Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks. Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall. Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks. Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall. Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks. Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall. Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks. Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: avstrijski lunik - syn.: Verbascum austriacum Roem. & Schult - Habitat: abandoned alpine pasture partly overgrown with bushes; moderately inclined foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal, colluvial ground, sparsely overgrown with grasses; sunny, dry and warm place; elevation 615 m (2.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Comment: Taxonomic status of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum is not yet agreed upon. Most sources consider it as a subspecies of Verbascum chaixii s.lat. (a parallel to Verbascum chaixii spp. chaixii), some treat it on species level. This East European plant can be over one meter tall. Species Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum has a few traits, which make its identification among (other twelve Verbascum species growing in Slovenia) not difficult. Ground leaves are stalked and cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to a point at the base) with crenate (not sharply toothed) edge, stalk leaves are lanceolate, all stamens in a flower are of equal length and shape and are conspicuous hairy. Hairs are violet and bearing noticeably thicker ends like a kind of glands (see picture no.9). Sometimes and superficially the plant looks very similar to much more common Dark mullein (Verbascum nigrum). However the latter has no 'glands' on stamens' hairs and its ground leaves are cordate (heart-shaped, with the notch) or at least rounded at the base. Also flowers stalks are longer (5-12 mm), while flowers of Verbascum chaixii spp. austriacum have only 3-5 mm long stalks. Herbarium: Herbarij Biolokega Intituta Jovan Hadi, SRC ZASU, Index Herbariorum LJS. Ref.: (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 722. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 194.
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Slo.: napraeni lunik - Habitat: steep mountain slope, south aspect, unmaintained montane grassland with tall herbs, road side, calcareous, skeletal ground, full sun, dry and warm place, elevation 1.225 m (4.020 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4-6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: stony soil.Comment: Plants belonging to genus mullein (Verbascum) are eye-catching and stout. Many common names prove this. Some are imagination full and talk about light; like Knigskerze (king's candle) (DE), Lichtnelke (light-dandelion) (DE) or papeeva svea (pope's candle) (SI). Some plants can grow more than 2 m high. There are 16 species growing in the Alps, out of these 13 are present in Slovenia (on 20.000 m2 or about 8% of territory of the Alps). All of them have numerous, bright yellow, but quite similar flowers except one: purple mullein (Verbascum phoeniceum), which is purple-violet. Distinguishing among them is not always simple since often hybrids and local races occur and sometimes they bloom also white. For species determination one has to take into account plant's habitus as well as small details like colour and type of the hairs on their stamens, shape of pistils, etc.Verbascum lychnitis is a species, which is very richly branched and has zillion shining bright yellow flowers on many branches and white hairs on flowers' stamens.Ref.:(1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 723.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 549. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol.2., Haupt (2004), p 194.(4) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 904.(5) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bluetenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 427.