The Physciaceae are a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. A 2016 estimate placed 19 genera and 601 species in the family.[1]
The Physiaceae family includes various growth forms such as foliose, fruticose, squamulose, stipitate, crustose, and even evanescent types (where certain parts, such as basal squamules, become less noticeable or disappear over time as other structures develop). Some members of this family may also be lichenicolous, meaning they grow on other lichens. These lichens can exhibit features such as lobules, isidia, and soredia, or may lack them entirely.[2]
The upper cortex of Physiaceae lichens can be prosoplectenchymatous, paraplectenchymatous, or absent. Their photobiont, or the symbiotic algae living within the lichen, is typically a unicellular green alga from the genus Trebouxia, with a diameter ranging from 5 to 20 μm. The medulla can vary from poorly to well-developed or may even be absent, and it often contains lichen substances. The lower cortex can be prosoplectenchymatous, paraplectenchymatous, or absent, with the lower surface either possessing or lacking rhizines. A prothallus may be present or absent.[2]
Physiaceae lichens produce ascomata, which can be either apothecia or mazaedia. Their apothecia can be immersed, sessile, or short-stalked, with a more or less distinct exciple. The disc, when present, is generally round and ranges from flat to convex, displaying colours from brown to dark reddish-brown or black. A thalline exciple may or may not be present, while the proper exciple can be thin and weakly pigmented or well-developed and darkly pigmented.[2]
The epihymenium can be brown-black, brown, or green, while the hymenium is colourless or partly green, with or without oil droplets. The hypothecium can vary in colour from colourless to yellow-brown, brown, or dark brown. paraphyses are simple or sparingly branched in the uppermost part, with thickened apices often capped by a brown-pigmented layer. The asci are clavate, typically with 8 spores (but sometimes as few as 2 or as many as 16) and a well-developed amyloid tholus, a paler conical axial mass, and an ocular chamber.[2]
Ascospores in the Physiaceae family have a single septum, olive to brown in colour, and ellipsoidal in shape, often displaying uneven wall thickenings. The conidiomata are pycnidial, either immersed or superficial. Conidia can be formed acrogenously or pleurogenously, and they can be ellipsoidal, bacilliform, fusiform, or filiform.[2]
This is a list of the genera contained within the Physciaceae, based on a 2020 review and summary of ascomycete classification.[3] Following the genus name is the taxonomic authority, year of publication, and the number of species:
The genus Culbersonia, previously classified in the Physciaceae due to its morphological features, has been shown with molecular phylogenetics to belong to the Caliciaceae.[4]
The Physciaceae are a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. A 2016 estimate placed 19 genera and 601 species in the family.
Physciaceae es una familia de hongos muchos de ellos liquenizados en la clase Lecanoromycetes en la división Ascomycota. Una estimación realizada en el 2016 asignaba 19 géneros y 601 especies en esta familia.[1]
Datos: Q2072700
Especies: Physciaceae
Physciaceae es una familia de hongos muchos de ellos liquenizados en la clase Lecanoromycetes en la división Ascomycota. Una estimación realizada en el 2016 asignaba 19 géneros y 601 especies en esta familia.
Les Physciaceae (Physciacées) sont une famille de champignons ascomycètes. Il s’agit dans tous les cas de lichens, c'est-à-dire de champignons lichénisés, associés ici à des algues vertes, le plus souvent du genre Trebouxia. Le thalle est d’apparence très variable, le plus souvent foliacé, mais également encroûtant ou fruticuleux[1]. Outre les genres qui y sont traditionnellement classés, les Physciasceae regroupent pour l’instant les représentants des deux anciennes familles des Buelliaceae et des Caliciaceae — au total 44 genres et plusieurs centaines d’espèces[2] — bien que ce regroupement reste matière à débat[3].
Selon Outline of Ascomycota—2009[2] :
Anaptychia runcinata
Buellia subdisciformis
Diploicia canescens
Diplotomma chlorophaeum
Heterodermia speciosa
Phaeophyscia ciliata
Rinodina beccariana
Thelomma mammosum
Les Physciaceae (Physciacées) sont une famille de champignons ascomycètes. Il s’agit dans tous les cas de lichens, c'est-à-dire de champignons lichénisés, associés ici à des algues vertes, le plus souvent du genre Trebouxia. Le thalle est d’apparence très variable, le plus souvent foliacé, mais également encroûtant ou fruticuleux. Outre les genres qui y sont traditionnellement classés, les Physciasceae regroupent pour l’instant les représentants des deux anciennes familles des Buelliaceae et des Caliciaceae — au total 44 genres et plusieurs centaines d’espèces — bien que ce regroupement reste matière à débat.
Žiauberiniai (lot. Physciaceae) – kerpių šeima. Gniužulas žiauberiškas, lapiškas arba krūmiškas.
Lietuvoje auga šios gentys:
Obrostowate (Physciaceae Zahlbr.) – rodzina grzybów z rzędu złotorostowców (Teloschistales)[1].
Nazwy polskie według W. Fałtynowicza[3].
Obrostowate (Physciaceae Zahlbr.) – rodzina grzybów z rzędu złotorostowców (Teloschistales).
Фисциевые (лат. Physciaceae) — семейство лихенизированных грибов класса леканоромицетов (Lecanoromycetes). Семейство объединяет 17 родов и 517 видов[1].
У представителей семейства накипные, листоватые или кустистые слоевища. В сумках по 8 коричневых, чаще всего двухклеточных тонкостенных спор.
Водоросли рода Требуксия или Псевдотребуксия.
Лишайники содержат атранорин, зеорин, скирин, лихексантон, ряд терпенов, некоторые кислоты.
Виды семейство обитают на всевозможных субстратах, широко распространены во всех растительно-климатических зонах Земли.
Некоторые роды согласно базе данных Catalogue of Life[2]:
Фисциевые (лат. Physciaceae) — семейство лихенизированных грибов класса леканоромицетов (Lecanoromycetes). Семейство объединяет 17 родов и 517 видов.
