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Mushroom Observer Image 561041: Stropharia rugosoannulata Farl. ex Murrill
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Mushroom Observer Image 1009876: Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer
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Mushroom Observer Image 1006122: Gymnopilus thiersii M.T. Seidl
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Mushroom Observer Image 13191: Psilocybe subaeruginosa Cleland
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Mushroom Observer Image 725074: Stropharia ambigua (Peck) Zeller
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Mushroom Observer Image 35330: Galerina clavata (Velen.) Kuhner
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Mushroom Observer Image 185736: Galerina minima (Peck) A.H. Sm. & Singer
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Mushroom Observer Image 1016703: Hebeloma (Fr.) P. Kumm.
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Mushroom Observer Image 128558: Gymnopilus ventricosus (Earle) Hesler
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Mushroom Observer Image 110133: Galerina marginata (Batsch) Kühner
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Mushroom Observer Image 112857: Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) P. Kumm.
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Mushroom Observer Image 230616: Stropharia hornemannii (Fr.) S. Lundell & Nannf.
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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Hypholoma lateritium (Schff.: Fr.) Kummer, syn. Hypholoma sublateritium (Fr.) Quelet, Psilocybe lateritia (Schff.: Fr.) Noord.Brick Tuft, Brick Cap, DE: Ziegelroter SchwefelkopfSlo.: rjavordea veplenjaa, openatordea veplenjaaDat.: Dec. 3. 2018Lat.: 46,337838 Long.: 13,542293Code: Bot_1168/2018_DSC4547Habitat: grassland; almost flat terrain; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) ground, dry sunny place; under the canopy of Fagus sylvatica; partly protected from direct rain by the canopy; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 480 m (1.570 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: small rotten (in its final stage of disintegration) stump of probably Fagus sylvatica or Ostrya carpinifolia.Place: Bovec basin; Uje place west of the town, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: These mushrooms always attract me by their beauty. They are common here around. Usually they grow in large groups, but this time only three quite young fruit bodies were displayed. Gils were still bright, later, in my refrigerator, they turned much darker brown with slight violet tint.Pileus diameter of the largest fruit body was 5.8 cm and its thickness 16 mm; stipe 10 cm long and up to 14 mm in diameter; smell indistinctive, taste unpleasant, somewhat biter; SP gray-brown with a violet tint, oac525.Spores smooth. Dimensions: (6,4) 6,7 - 7,3 (8,1) (3,6) 3,8 - 4,3 (4,6) m; Q = (1,6) 1,64 - 1,8 (1,9); N = 35; Me = 7 4,1 m; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Index Herbariorum LJF @ Mycotheca and lichen herbarium of Slovenian Forestry Institute. Ref.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol. 4. Verlag Mykologia (2000), p 328. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 4., Ulmer (2003), p 358. (3) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 605. (4) A. Poler, ed., Seznam gliv Slovenije, 2nd Ed., Assoc. of Mycol. Soc. of Slovenia (in Slovenian) (1998), p 224. (5) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 232.
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2010-10-22 Upper Austria, district Rohrbach (Ameisberg, 930 m AMSL).Fruiting still when first snow fell.ID is not a 100% sure, and for this reason I am only tagging genus.German name: Geflecktblttriger Flmmling
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Galerina autumnalisDeadly GalerinaSlo.: jesenska kumicaDat.: Nov. 12. 2010Lat.: 46.34590 Long.: 13.55724Code: Bot_475/2010_IMG3172 Habitat: Southeast inclined unmaintained pasture, among rotten branches and twigs of a fallen dead Picea abies, warm sunny place, exposed to direct rain, calcareous ground, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 580 m (1.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil with rotten plant litter and rotten wood of Picea abies branches.Place: Bovec basin, at the foot of southeast slopes of Mt. ukla, 1.767 m (5.798 feet), near Luti's farmhouse north of Bovec, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing in a small group, pileus diameter up to 3 cm (1.2 inch), smell distinct, after lightly foul fruits; flesh of pileus and stalk quite firm, stalk hollow; SP reddish-brown, faint. Spores minutely warty (?), dimensions 9.7 (SD = 0.7) x 5.2 (SD = 0.3) micr., Q = 1.85 (SD = 0.14), n = 28. Ref.:(1) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 833. (2) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 401. (3)
www.grzyby.pl/gatunki/Galerina_autumnalis.htm Ref: (102). (4)
www.grzyby.pl/gatunki/Galerina_autumnalis.htm Ref: (26V). (5) Personal communication with Mr. . Id'ed by Mr. Anton Poler. (6) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot,
www.gobenabovskem.com .
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Horsell Common. Surrey. TQ011609
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Stropharia aeruginosa syn. Psilocybe aeruginosaVerdigris agaric, Gruenspan-TraeuschlingSlo.: zelenkasta strninicaDate: Sept. 30. 2009Lat.: 46.33494 Long.: 13.53047Code: Bot_386/2009-5233 Habitat: mixed, predominantly hardwood woodland, nearly flat ground, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), rain protected by trees canopies, mostly in shade, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, altitude 440 m (1.400 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: small rotten branch debris under groundPlace: West of Bovec, near the trail to Pluna village, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia ECComment: Growing single.
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Stropharia caerulea Kreisel, syn.: Stropharia cyanea (Bolt. Secr.)Blue Roundhead, DE: Grnblaue Truschling, Blauen TruschlingSlo.: modrikasta strninicaDat.: Dec. 07. 2014Lat.: 46.36046 Long.: 13.70276Code: Bot_853/2014_DSC5171Habitat: on northeast side of a cottage, 2.5 m away of the woodshed, ruderal calcareous ground with organic debris mainly wood chips, shallow skeletal soil sparsely covered by vegetation, Utrica dioica dominant, flat terrain, mostly in shade, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.970 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil with a lot of organic debris.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, next to Trenta 2b cottage, 'Na melu' place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: Growing in a group of three fruit bodies, pilei very slimy, diameter 4 - 6 cm, the largest 1.5 cm thick; stipe dry, 3.5 - 5 cm tall, diameter 1.4 - 1.7 cm; trama of marble blue-white color; mycelium abundant, beige, root-like apparently interwoven with roots of a large Utrica dioica; SP abundant brown, oac638.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7,5 [8,3 ; 8,6] 9,5 x 4,5 [4,9 ; 5,1] 5,5 microns; Q = 1,5 [1,7] 1,9; N = 36; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 5 microns; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. reitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.4. Verlag Mykologia (2000), p 352.(2) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 110. (3) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 248. (4) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 4., Ulmer (2001), p 409. (5) R. Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 275.
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Cradley, Malvern, Worcs. SO7347
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Galerina marginata (Batsch) Khner, syn.: Galerina autumnalis (Peck) A.H. Sm. & Singer, Galerina unicolor (Vahl) Singer, Pholiota marginata (Batsch) Qul.Funeral Bell, DE: Gift-Hubling, Nadelholz-HublingSlo.: obrobljena kumicaDat.: Nov. 9. 2016Lat.:46.36118 Long.: 13.70112Code: Bot_1028/2016_DSC6439Habitat: pasture, slightly inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground; full sun, dry and relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 625 m (2.050 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: moss overgrown stump of a cut down Picea abies in its late phase of disintegration.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa; Na Melu place, near cottage Trenta 2b, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This mushroom usually appears in older literature as Galerina autumnalis. But extensive DNA study (Gulden and collaborators, 2001) has synonymized that species - along with Galerina oregonensis, Galerina unicolor, and Galerina venenata - with the older, European species first described in the 18th century, Galerina marginata. The mushroom is deadly poisonous (look at English common name). Growing in a loose group of about 15 pilei; pilei diameter 1.4 - 4.0 cm (measured as it is, not expanded), surface lubricous-waxy; stipe 4.0 - 6.2 cm long, diameter 2.8 - 7.8 mm, hollow, fibrous; taste not tested, smell indistinctive, on soil? SP abundant, rusty-brown, oac713.Spores minutely verrucose. Dimensions: 7.6 [8.5 ; 8.9] 9.8 x 5 [5.5 ; 5.7] 6.2 microns; Q = 1.4 [1.5 ; 1.6] 1.7; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 8.7 x 5.6 microns; Qe = 1.5. Basidia 4-sterigmate and also 2-sterigmate. Cystidia lageniform, with a long neck and a rounded or subclavate apex; smooth; thin-walled; dimensions: 38.4 [44.5 ; 48.1] 54.1 x 8.5 [10.1 ; 11] 12.5 microns; Q = 3.4 [4.2 ; 4.7] 5.5; N = 19; C = 95%; Me = 46.3 x 10.5 microns; Qe = 4.4. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (cystidia, trama), fresh material, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 5, Ulmer (2010), p 323. (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.5. Verlag Mykologia (2000), p 318. (3)
www.mushroomexpert.com/galerina_marginata.html (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 360. (5) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 248. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 262.
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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I'm pretty sure it's this, but I've been wrong before!Photographed in Freycinet National Park on the Sleepy Bay Walk.
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