Comments
provided by eFloras
A slow growing, ornamental plant; cultivated in gardens.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
provided by eFloras
Evergreen shrub or small tree, bark smooth, young shoots pubescent, hairs white. Leaf imparipinnately compound, 10-15 cm long; leaflets 7-9, c. 3-5 cm long, c. 2-2.8 cm broad, obovate, coriaceous leathery shining; petiolule c. 3 mm long. Inflorescence a terminal raceme, 5-7.5 cm long. Flowers fragrant. Pedicel c. 7.5 mm long. Calyx c. 7.5 mm long, silky, 5-lobed. Vexillum c. 12- 13 mm long. Fruit c. 2.5-17.5 cm long, c. 1.2-1.9 mm broad, pubescent, constricted between the seeds. Seeds bright scarlet.
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
Cultivated in Kinnaird College, Lahore; native of Texas and Mexico.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Common Names
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
shrub,
treemescal bean
mescalbean sophora
TAXONOMY:
The scientific name of mescal bean is Sophora secundiflora (Ortega) Lag. ex DC.
(Fabaceae) [
12,
16].
LIFE FORM:
Tree, Shrub
FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS:
No special status
OTHER STATUS:
NO-ENTRY
DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Sophora secundiflora
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION:
Mescal bean grows from southeastern New Mexico to central and
western Texas and adjacent Mexico [
15,
16].
- bibliographic citation
- Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Sophora secundiflora. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Distribution
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Mescal bean grows from southeastern New Mexico to central and
western Texas and adjacent Mexico [
15,
16].
Mescal bean distribution. Map courtesy of USDA, NRCS. 2018. The
PLANTS Database.
National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC [
24] [2018, February 1].
- bibliographic citation
- Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Sophora secundiflora. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Key Plant Community Associations
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Mescal bean is generally not a dominant but occurs as scattered
individuals in many plant communities. It may become locally abundant
in riparian deciduous forests.
- bibliographic citation
- Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Sophora secundiflora. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Life Form
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
shrub,
treeTree, Shrub
- bibliographic citation
- Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Sophora secundiflora. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Management considerations
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Toxicity: The seeds of mescal bean are highly toxic to humans.
Symptoms of poisoning, which appear within 1 hour, include nausea,
violent and bloody vomiting, headaches, vertigo, confusion, fever,
excessive thirst, cold sweat, respiritory problems, followed by
convulsions and death [
23].
Mescal bean's seeds, leaves, and flowers are poisonous to cattle,
sheep, and goats [
13,
22]. Cattle are most susceptible to poisoning by
leaves, while goats and sheep are more tolerant. Affected animals often
recover if placed on a high-quality diet 22].
Pests: Plants are primarily pest-free, except for infestations by
caterpillars of a moth in the family Pyralidae. Caterpillar
infestations of mescal bean have been controlled biologically
with a strain of bacteria (Bacillus thuringensis), which causes the
caterpillars to sicken and die [
5]. Insecticide sprays such as Sevin or
diazinon may also be useful [
5].
Control: Plants are susceptible to phenoxy herbicides and are usually
killed with one moderate application [
18].
- bibliographic citation
- Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Sophora secundiflora. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Phenology
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. Plants generally flower in March and April [
21,
28]. The pods mature in
September [
28].
- bibliographic citation
- Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Sophora secundiflora. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Post-fire Regeneration
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
root crownsurvivor species; on-site surviving root crown or caudex
- bibliographic citation
- Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Sophora secundiflora. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Taxonomy
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
The scientific name of mescal bean is Sophora secundiflora (Ortega) Lag. ex DC.
(Fabaceae) [
12,
16].
- bibliographic citation
- Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Sophora secundiflora. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Physical Description
provided by USDA PLANTS text
Perennial, Trees, Shrubs, Woody throughout, Stems woody below, or from woody crown or caudex, Nodules present, Stems erect or ascending, Stems 1-2 m tall, Stems greater than 2 m tall, Stems solid, Stems or young twigs sparsely to densely hairy, Leaves alternate, Leaves petiolate, Stipules inconspicuous, absent, or caducous, Stipules free, Leaves compound, Leaves odd pinnate, Leaf or leaflet margins entire, Leaflets opposite, Leaflets alternate or subopposite, Leaflets 5-9, Leaflets 10-many, Leaves hairy on one or both surfaces, Leaves coriaceous, Inflorescences racemes, Inflorescence terminal, Bracts very small, absent or caducous, Bracteoles present, Flowers zygomorphic, Calyx 5-lobed, Petals separate, Corolla papilionaceous, Petals clawed, Petals blue, lavander to purple, or violet, Banner petal ovoid or obovate, Banner petal suborbicular, broadly rounded, Wing petals narrow, oblanceolate to oblong, Wing tips obtuse or rounded, Keel tips obtuse or rounded, not beaked, Stamens 9-10, Stamens completely free, separate, Filaments glabrous, Style terete, Fruit a legume, Fruit stipitate, Fruit unilocular, Fruit tardily or weakly dehiscent, Fruit indehiscent, Fruit elongate, straight, Fruit oblong or ellipsoidal, Fruit exserted from calyx, Fruit inflated or turgid, Fruit compressed between seeds, Fruit torulose or moniliform, strongly constricted between seeds, Fruit beaked, Fruit glabrous or glabrate, Fruit hairy, Fruit 3-10 seeded, Seeds o void to rounded in outline, Seed surface smooth, Seeds red, or scarlet and black.
Dermatophyllum secundiflorum: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Dermatophyllum secundiflorum is a species of flowering shrub or small tree in the family Fabaceae that is native to the Southwestern United States (Texas, New Mexico) and Mexico (Chihuahua and Coahuila south to Hidalgo, Puebla, and Querétaro). Its common names include Texas mountain laurel, Texas mescalbean, frijolito, and frijolillo.
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