Carnation Sedge

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
sorus of Anthracoidea caricis parasitises live ovary of Carex panicea

Foodplant / parasite
sorus of Anthracoidea paniceae parasitises live ovary of Carex panicea

Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph of Arthrinium morthieri is saprobic on often dry, bleached, dead leaf of Carex panicea
Remarks: season: 6-9

Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, then exposed apothecium of Hysteropezizella diminuens is saprobic on dead leaf of Carex panicea
Remarks: season: 6-8

Foodplant / parasite
telium of Puccinia paludosa parasitises live Carex panicea
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / parasite
uredium of Puccinia urticata var. urticae-paniceae parasitises live Carex panicea

Foodplant / parasite
sorus of Urocystis fischeri parasitises live leaf of Carex panicea
Remarks: Other: uncertain

Carex panicea is introduced into continental North America and native to Greenland; however, some people believe that the taxon was introduced to the New World by the Vikings.

Plants colonial, long-rhizomatous. Culms (0.8–)14–75 cm, smooth distally. Leaves: proximal sheaths with blades, pale brown, 3–6 mm thick; ligules 0.4–3.5(–8.5) mm, usually wider than long; leaf blades somewhat glaucous, flat, 5.5–33 cm × 1.4–4.7 mm, folded at bases, margins revolute, herbaceous. Inflorescences 3.2–21 cm, 1.7–3.5(–4.3) times as long as proximal bract; proximal bract (1.3–)2–9 cm, sheath 0.5–2.4 cm, blade 1.1–7.1 cm; pistillate spikes densely flowered, ovoid to cylindric, 0.8–2.9 cm × 4.5–7.5 mm; lateral spikes erect or ascending on stiff peduncles. Pistillate scales dark reddish purple with hyaline margins, green centers, apex obtuse, centers papillose. Perigynia ascending to spreading, yellowish green to brown, often suffused with reddish purple, broadly obovoid, 2.6–5.1 × 1.4–2.4 mm; beak minute, sharply bent. Achenes pale brown, 1.8–2.9 × 1.3–1.9 mm. 2n = 32.

Greenland; St. Pierre and Miquelon; N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S.; Conn., Maine, Mass., N.H., N.Y., R.I.; Eurasia.

Fruiting late spring–early summer.

Wet to dry, usually sandy, acidic fields; 0–20m.

Carex panicea L. Sp. PI. 977. 1753
Trasus paniceus S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. 2: 63. 1821. (Based on Carex panicea L.) Trasus paniceus var. Leersii S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. 2: 63. 1821. (T>T)e from England.) Trasus paniceus var. androgynus S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. 2: 63. 1821. (Type from England.) Trasus paniceus var. disiachyos S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. 2: 63. 1821. (Type from England.) Carex panicea var. pseudospicata Klett & Richter, Fl. Leipz. 760. 1830. (Type from Germany.) "Carex mucronata L." Lesson, Fl. Rochef. 515. 1835. (Plant from France.) Not C. mucronala
All. 1785. Carex algida Turcz. Bull. See. Nat. Mosc. 1838: 104. 1838. (Name only; type from Dauria, Siberia.) Carex panicea var. tumidula Laest. Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. 11 : 283. 1839. (Type from northern
Sweden.) Carex panicea var. microcarpa Sond. ; Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. ed. 2. 879. 1844. (Type from Germany.) Carex panicea var. androgyna Peterm. Anal. Pfl. 507. 1846. (TjT>e from Germany.) Carex panicea var. refracta Peterm. Anal. Pfl. 507. 1846. (Type from Germany.) Carex panicea var. rhizogyna Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 8: 20. pi. 245. 1846. (Type from central
Europe. ) Carex panicea var. pallida Blytt, Norges Fl. 235. 1861. (T>'pe from Norway.) Carex panicea f. nigra Kuntze, Taschen-Fl. Leipz. 19. 1867. (Type from Leipzig, Germany.) Carex panicea f. rhizogyna "Reichenb." Kuntze, Taschen-Fl. Leipz. 19. 1867. (Based on C. panicea
var. rhizogyna Reichenb.) Carex panicea f. pseudospicata "Klett & Richter" Kuntze, Taschen-Fl. Leipz. 19. 1867. (Based
on C panicea var. pseudospicata Klett & Richter.) Carex panicea f. androgyna "Peterm." Kuntze, Taschen-Fl. Leipz. 19. 1867. (Based on C. panicea
var. androgyna Peterm.) Carex gracillima Hoppe; Nym. Consp. Fl. Eur. 775, as synonym. 1882. Not C gracillima Schw.
1824. Carex panicea var. gracilis Lange, Haandb. Danske Fl. ed. 4. 139. 1886. (Type from Denmark.) Carex panicea f. robusta Wamst. Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand. 38: 60. 1895. (Type from Brandenburg.) Carex panicea var. praestabilis Waisb. Oesterr. Bot. Zeits. 47: 433. 1897. (Type from Austria.) Carex panicea var. lalifolia Waisb. Oesterr. Bot. Zeits. 47: 433. 1897. (Type from Austria.) Carex panicea f. basigyna Waisb. Oesterr. Bot. Zeits. 47: 433. 1897. (Type from Austria.) Carex panicea f. melanocarpa Waisb. Oesterr. Bot. Zeits. 47: 433. 1897. (Type from Austria.) Carex panicea f. inlermedia Meinsh. Acta Hort. Petrop. 18: 390. 1901. (Type from Russia.) Carex panicea f. stricta Meinsh. Acta Hort. Petrop. 18; 390. 1901. (Type from Russia.) Carex panicea f. humilis Meinsh. Acta Hort. Petrop. 18: 390. 1901. (Type from Russia.) Carex panicea -zt. ferruginea N'euman. Sv. Fl. 701. 1901. (Type from Sweden.) Carex panicea var. conferia H. Nilsson; Neuman, Sv, Fl. 701. 1901. (Type from Sweden.) Carex panicea var. /y/>(ca Asch. &Graebn. Syn. Mitteleur. F1.22: 142. 1902. (Based on C.paniceah.) Carex panicea var. longipedunculala Asch. & Graebn. Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2': 142. 1902. (Type
probably from Germany.) Carex panicea f. gracilis "Lange" Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4-»: 511. 1909. (Based on C
panicea var. gracilis Lange.) Carex panicea f. lalifolia "Waisb." Kiikenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4=°: 511. 1909. (Based on C.
panicea var. lalifolia Waisb.) Carex panicea f. refracta "Peterm." Kiikenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4=*': 511. 1909. (Based on
C. panicea var. refracta Peterm.) Carex panicea f. longipedunculala "Asch. & Graebn." Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 42": 511.
1909. (Based on C. panicea var. longipedunculala Asch. & Graebn.) Carex panicea f. binala Lackowitz; Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4='>: 511. 1909. (Type European, not definitely given.) Carex panicea f. pallida "Blytt" Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4™: 511. 1909. (Based on C.
panicea var. pallida Blytt.) Carex panicea i, ferruginea "Neuman" Kiikenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4-'^: 511. 1909. (Based
on C. panicea v^r. ferruginea Neuman.) Carex panicea f. tumidula "Laest." Kukenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4-": 511. 1909. (Based on
C panicea var. tumidula Laest.) Carex panicea f. microcarpa "Sond." Kiikenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4'°: 511. 1909. (Based on
C panicea var. microcarpa Sond.) Carex panicea f. conferia "H. Nilsson" Kiikenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4™: 51 1. 1909. (Based on C. panicea var. conferia H. Nilsson.)
Rootstocks slender, elongate, the clumps small, sending forth long, slender, horizontal, scaly, yellowish stolons, the culms 2-9 dm. high, stiff, erect, sharply triangular but not winged, usually smooth, exceeding the leaves, the whole plant more or less bluish-green, light-brown at base, strongly phyllopodic, the dried-up leaves of the previous year very conspicuous; sterile shoots elongate, conspicuous; leaves with well-developed blades 3-8 to a fertile culm, clustered near the base, the blades bluish-green, short, ascending, usually 7.5-15 cm. long, 1.5-6 mm. wide, thickish and rather stiff, channeled at base, flat above with revolute margins, attenuate, roughened towards the ape.x and on the margins; blades of sterile-culm leaves similar, but longer; sheaths very hyaline ventrally, concave at mouth, the ligule short; staminate spike solitary, linear or linear-obclavate, 1.5-3 cm. long, 2-6 mm. wide, usually long-peduncled, occasionally nearly sessile, the peduncle smooth, the scales oblong-obovate, closely appressed, obtuse, purplish-red, with straw-colored or lighter center and broad white-hyaline margins; pistillate spikes 1-3, widely separated, erect, the upper sessile or short-exsert-peduncled, the lower shortto long-exsert-peduncled (the peduncle smooth), oblong, 1-3 cm. long, 5-7 mm. wide, closely 8-25-flowered, the perigynia ascending in several rows; bracts leaf-like, long-sheathing, the sheaths smooth, 0.5-3 cm. long, the blades short, erect-ascending, 1-10 cm. long, 1.5-4 mm. wide; scales ovate, the lower acuminate, the middle and upper acute to obtuse, about the width of but much shorter than the perigynia, purplish-brown with broad greenish or yellowish 1-3-nerved center and hyaline margins; perigynia oblong-obovoid or becoming ovoid or obovoid, turgid, suborbicular in cross-section, ,1-5 mm. long, 1 .75-2.5 mm. wide, 2-keeled and obscurely many-striate, strongly puncticulate, submembranaceous, yellowishgreen or soon brownish-yellow, rounded or round-tapering at base, rounded at apex, very minutely and abruptly beaked, the orifice truncate or slightly emarginate, dark-purplishtingcd; achenes ovoid-elliptic, 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, normally triangular with concave sides below, and blunt angles, rather loosely enveloped but nearly filling perigynium, brownishblack with greenish angles, truncatcly short-stipitate, strongly apiculate, jointed with the short, slender, slightly exserted style; stigmas three, slender, reddish-brown, rather long.
Type ix.>cai.itv: "Habitat in Europac uliginosis."
DiSTRIBUTio.v: Fields and meadows, locally well naturalized. Nova Scotia to Connecticut; widely distributed in Eurofjc and western Asia. (Specimens examined from Nova Scotia, Maine, Massachusetts, Hhtxie Island, Connecticut.)

Carex panicea, commonly known as carnation sedge, is a plant species in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. It is known as grass-like sedge and can be found in Northern and Western Europe, and also in north-eastern North America. The plant produces fruits which are 3–4 millimetres (0.12–0.16 in) long, are egg shaped and spiked. Both male and female species leaves are pale blue on both sides.