Distribution in Egypt
provided by Bibliotheca Alexandrina LifeDesk
Nile and Mediterranean regions, oases.
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- BA Cultnat
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- Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Global Distribution
provided by Bibliotheca Alexandrina LifeDesk
Pantropical weed, originating from central America.
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- BA Cultnat
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- Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Habitat
provided by Bibliotheca Alexandrina LifeDesk
Weed of cultivation, naturalized.
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- BA Cultnat
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- Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Life Expectancy
provided by Bibliotheca Alexandrina LifeDesk
- author
- BA Cultnat
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- Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Description
provided by eFloras
Herbs, annual, erect to 1 m tall, often tinged red. Stem glabrous to sparsely pilose at apex, hollow. Leaves alternate; stipules purplish glands, fairly conspicuous; petiole to 2(-4) cm; leaf blade ovate, to 12 × 6 cm, abaxially pilose especially on midrib and veins, glabrescent, adaxially glabrous to sparsely pilose near margin, base cuneate, margin with minute distant gland-tipped teeth, apex obtuse. Cymes terminal and axillary, each forking ca. 5 times, cyathia densely clustered; basal bracts similar to leaves but paler green, progressively smaller. Cyathia ca. 3.5 × 2.5 mm; involucre barrel-shaped, glabrous; gland ca. 1 mm, funnel-shaped, opening circular, ca. 1.2 mm across, often red-rimmed; lobes ca. 1.3 mm, subcircular, deeply toothed with minutely ciliate margins. Male flowers: bracteoles few, ligulate, feathery; stamens ca. 4 mm. Female flower: ovary pedicellate, glabrous or occasionally minutely puberulent, perianth forming an obvious rim; styles ca. 1 mm, occasionally minutely puberulent, bifid to halfway. Fruiting pedicel reflexed to 6 mm; capsule exserted, ca. 4.5 × 5.5 mm, deeply 3-lobed. Seeds conical, ca. 2.6 × 2.4 mm, apex acute, bluntly warty, blackish brown.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
Native of central America, now a pantropical weed.
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Elevation Range
provided by eFloras
760-1100 m
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Habitat & Distribution
provided by eFloras
Weed of cultivation and other disturbed areas. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [native to America, now pantropical].
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Synonym
provided by eFloras
Euphorbia epilobiifolia W. T. Wang; E. geniculata Ortega; E. taiwaniana S. S. Ying; Poinsettia geniculata (Ortega) Klotzsch & Garcke var. heterophylla (Linnaeus) Klotzsch & Garcke.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Derivation of specific name
provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
heterophylla: with differently-shaped leaves (see note above)
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- cc-by-nc
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- Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
- bibliographic citation
- Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Euphorbia heterophylla L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=136030
- author
- Mark Hyde
- author
- Bart Wursten
- author
- Petra Ballings
Description
provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Erect annual, up to 60 cm.
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- cc-by-nc
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- Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
- bibliographic citation
- Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Euphorbia heterophylla L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=136030
- author
- Mark Hyde
- author
- Bart Wursten
- author
- Petra Ballings
Frequency
provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Common
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- cc-by-nc
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- Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
- bibliographic citation
- Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Euphorbia heterophylla L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=136030
- author
- Mark Hyde
- author
- Bart Wursten
- author
- Petra Ballings
Worldwide distribution
provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Pantropical weed, originating from Central America.
- license
- cc-by-nc
- copyright
- Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
- bibliographic citation
- Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Euphorbia heterophylla L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=136030
- author
- Mark Hyde
- author
- Bart Wursten
- author
- Petra Ballings
Euphorbia heterophylla
provided by wikipedia EN
Euphorbia heterophylla, also known under the common names of Mexican fireplant, painted euphorbia, Japanese poinsettia, paintedleaf, painted spurge and milkweed,[3] is a plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae or spurge family.
Distribution
Euphorbia heterophylla is native to tropical and subtropical America but is now widespread throughout the tropics. Many herbicides fail to control it and hence it has spread rapidly in many parts of the world.[4]
This plant has been introduced to South and Southeast Asia as an ornamental plant, having become a weed in India and Thailand, where it has invaded cotton fields and other agricultural terrain. [5]
Description
Euphorbia heterophylla after losing coloration of its cyathia
Euphorbia heterophylla grows between 30 and 100 cm tall and has hollow stems that may be branched or simple with angular ribs. The leaves of the plant have variable shapes within and between populations. The lower leaves are alternate whereas the upper leaves are opposite and commonly have a whitish or bright red base.[6]
Within 30 days of emergence the plant may flower with ripe seeds being formed between 25 and 30 days later. It is pollinated by insects which are attracted to large amounts of nectar the plant produces.[6]
The stalk exudes a toxic milky white latex. The cyathia or false flowers, are located in clusters at the head of the stalk and are yellowish green. They have no petals, the red color being part of the young leaves' coloration. The fruits are small, segmented capsules. When the fruits are mature, they explode and shoot the seeds some distance from the parent plant allowing the plant to disperse.[4]
This plant often loses its coloration when it grows wild as a weed. There are populations that have been identified to have resistance to specific herbicides in South America.[7]
Toxicity
Toxicity is documented in most members of the genus Euphorbia. Individuals sensitive to latex are known to have strong reactions, including dermatitis and anaphylaxis, to the latex exuded by this plant.
As a weed
E. heterophylla has developed herbicide resistance against fomesafen and imazethapyr in its native Brazil.[8]
References
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^ Bárrios, S.; Copeland, A. (2021). "Euphorbia heterophylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T126519432A192136545. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T126519432A192136545.en. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
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^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
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^ "Euphorbia heterophylla". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 10 January 2018.
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^ a b Wilson, A. K. (1981). "Euphorbia heterophylla: a Review of Distribution, Importance and Control". Tropical Pest Management. 27 (1): 32–38. doi:10.1080/09670878109414169. ISSN 0143-6147.
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^ "Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)". CABI invasive species compendium. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
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^ a b "Plant Production and Protection Division: Euphorbia heterophylla". www.fao.org. Retrieved 2018-07-17.
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^ "Herbicide Resistant Weeds". Archived from the original on 2007-08-08. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
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^ Brusamarello, Antonio P.; Oliveira, Paulo H.; Trezzi, Michelangelo M.; Finatto, Taciane; Pagnoncelli, Fortunato D. B.; Vidal, Ribas A. (2020). "Inheritance of fomesafen and imazethapyr resistance in a multiple herbicide‐resistant Euphorbia heterophylla population". Weed Research. Wiley. 60 (4): 278–286. doi:10.1111/wre.12425. ISSN 0043-1737.
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- Wikipedia authors and editors
Euphorbia heterophylla: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Euphorbia heterophylla, also known under the common names of Mexican fireplant, painted euphorbia, Japanese poinsettia, paintedleaf, painted spurge and milkweed, is a plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae or spurge family.
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- cc-by-sa-3.0
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- Wikipedia authors and editors
_on_Euphorbia_heterophylla_(Painted_Euphorbia)_W2_IMG_9734.jpg)
