Mountain Sedge

Carex gymnoclada Holm, Am. Jour. Sci. IV 14: 424./. 12-14* 1902.
"Carex vulgaris var. alpina Boott" W. Boott in S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 240. 1880.
Carex vulgaris var. bracteosa L. H. Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad. 22: 81. 1886. (Type from Ebbett's
Pass, California.) Carex nudata var. angustifolia L. H. Bailey, Mem. Torrey Club 1: 16. 1889. (As to Lyall plant
only.) Carex Tolmiei var. subsessilis L. H. Bailey, Mem. Torrey Club 1 : 47. 1889. (As to Oregon plants.) Carex brachypoda Holm, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 20: 302; 307./. 4—6. 1905. (Type from Crater Lake
National Park, Oregon.) Carex rigida var. hesperia Piper, Contr, U. S. Nat. Herb. 11: 173. 1906. (Based on C. rigida var.
bracteosa L. H. Bailey.) "Carex rigida Good." Smiley, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 9: 120. 1921.
Strongly stoloniferous, the stolons stout, ascending or horizontal, clothed with somewhat shining, purplish-brown scales, the culms in small clumps or single, stiffly erect, 2-6 dm. high, papillate, strongly exceeding leaves, sharply triangular, from very rough above to smooth, phyllopodic, brownish or dull-purplish-brown-tinged at base, the dried-up leaves of the previous year inconspicuous and short, the lower leaves of the year reduced to bladeless or shortbladed sheaths; sterile shoots phyllopodic; leaves of the year with well-developed blades 3-6 to a fertile culm, clustered on lower fourth, septate-nodulose, the blades strictly erect, lightgreen, thick, usually 1.5-2.5 dm. long, 2.5-5 mm. wide, flat with revolute margins, tapering and sharp-tipped, rough towards apex, the sheaths very thin and hyaline ventrally, slightly yellowish-brown-tinged, short-hispidulous dorsally, the ligule as long as wide ; stamina te spike solitary, sessile or more or less peduncled, linear-clavate, 1—3 cm. long, 2.5-4 mm. wide, the scales oblong-obovate, obtuse or acutish, black, usually slightly hyaline at apex, the midvein whitish, often nearly obsolete; pistillate spikes 1-3, contiguous or somewhat separate, erect, sessile to short-peduncled, oblong to cylindric, often staminate at apex, 5-25 mm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, closely flowered, the 8-50 perigynia ascending or spreading, in several to many rows; lowest bract black-auricled, not sheathing, squamiform, much shorter than the culm, the others much reduced, strongly black-auricled; scales ovate, obtuse or acute, black with white (often nearly obsolete) midvein and slightly hyaline margins, noticeably narrower than and from shorter than to exceeding perigynia; perigynia flattened bi-convex or plano-convex, not inflated, broadly obovate to suborbicular, 2.25-3.5 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. wide, 2-ribbed (the marginal), otherwise nerveless, granular, membranaceous, pale at base, purplish-black at apex, not or very sparingly remotely serrulate above, round-tapering and slightly stipitate at base, rounded at apex, abruptly apiculate, the beak very short, 0.1-0.25 mm. long, entire, purplish-black; achenes lenticular, broadly obovate, 1.5-1.75 mm. long, 1.25 mm. wide, nearly filling lower two thirds of perigynium, brownish, substipitate, abruptly apiculate, jointed with the very short, not exserted, slender style; stigmas 2, slender, yellowish-brown.
Type locality: Bogs of Hurricane Creek, Oregon (Cusick 2487).
Distribution: In wet meadows, in the higher mountains from Washington south to Tulare

Carex campylocarpa Holm, Am. Jour. Sci. IV 20: 304; 307./. 13-15. 1905.
Loosely cespitose, the rootstocks slender, ascending, elongate, sending forth slender horizontal stolons, the culms 3-6 dm. high, slender, erect, sharply triangular and very rough on the angles above, papillate, exceeding the leaves, phyllopodic, strongly purplish-tinged and fibrillose at base, the dried-up leaves of the previous year few, rather inconspicuous, the lower leaves of the year reduced to bladeless sheaths; sterile shoots aphyllopodic; leaves with welldeveloped blades about 4 to a fertile culm, obscurely septate-nodulose, the blades erect, widest above, light-green, papillate, thinnish, flat with revolute margins, 1.5-3.5 mm. (averaging 2.5-3 mm.) wide, very sharp-tipped, short-tapering, the margins rough above, the sheaths slightly hispidulous dorsally, very thin, olive-tinged, and red-dotted ventrally, concave at mouth, not filamentose, the ligule longer than wide; staminate spike solitary, subsessile or short-peduncled, oblong-clavate, 6-20 mm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, the scales oblong-obovate, obtuse or acute, black with obsolete or slender, white midvein; pistillate spikes 2 or 3, the upper contiguous and sessile or nearly so, the lower separate, erect and short-peduncled, or sometimes strongly peduncled and drooping, short-oblong to linear-oblong, 5-20 mm. long, 4.5-6 mm. wide, closely 10-30-flowered in several rows, the perigynia ascending or excurvedspreading; lowest bract leaflet-like, shorter than inflorescence, sheathless, purplish-black at base, the upper much reduced, black-auricled ; scales ovate, obtuse, black, sometimes with minutely hyaline apex, the slender midvein nearly or entirely obsolete, narrower than and from half to nearly as long as the perigynia; perigynia ovate or elliptic, 3-3.75 mm. long. 1.5-1.75 mm. wide, flattened biconvex, often with convex outer face and concave inner face, becoming very slightly turgid, membranaceous, 2-ribbed (the marginal), otherwise nerveless, dull-green below, purplish or purplish-mottled above, granular, very sparingly remotely serrulate above when young, rounded and substipitate at base, tapering above, abruptly shortapiculate-beaked, the beak 0.2 mm. long, black, entire; achenes lenticular, obovate, 1.5-1.75 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, in lower half of and narrower than perigynium, yellowish-brown, shortstipitate, apiculate, jointed with the slender, not exserted style; stigmas 2, slender, yellowishbrown.
Type locality: Cathedral Spring, Crater Lake National Park, Oregon (Coville 1457). Distribution: Alpine meadows and stream-banks, Cascade Mountains, Oregon and Washington. (Specimens examined from Oregon, Washington.)