Ancistrus abilhoai Bifi, Pavanelli & Zawadzki 2009

This species differs from its congeners inhabiting the Río de La Plata and coastalbasins of southern Brazil, except A. agostinhoi, A. multispinis, A. mullerae, A. taunayi and A. formoso, by possessing a maxillary barbel shorter and not free from its lower lip (vs. longer and free from lower lip); from the first 4 species, by the width of mandibulary teeth row 13.4-15.5% of HL (vs. 15.8-19.3%, 15.5-19.4%, 16.5-21.0% and 15.8-23.1%, respectively) and 32.9-37.9% of interorbital width (vs. 38.4-53.6%, 40.7-53.8%, 39.3-58.0% and 39.4-51.4%, respectively); from A. formoso by orbital diameter 11.9-15.3% of HL (vs. 8.3-8.7%), caudal peduncle depth 9.0-10.9% of SL (vs. 7.8-8.7%) and number of dentary teeth 40-68 (vs. 110) (Ref. 83296).

Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 3 - 4

Ancistrus abilhoai is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Iguazu River basin in the state of Paraná in Brazil. The species reaches 10.6 cm (4.2 inches) SL. It was described in 2009 by A. G. Bifi, C. S. Pavanelli, and C. H. Zawadzki, alongside two other species in the genus Ancistrus: A. agostinhoi and A. mullerae.