Ceratophyus martinezi Lauffer 1909

Species endemic from Spain, known from two distant mountainous areas: one in the Central System (Sierra de Guadarrama and Sierra de Gredos, provinces of Madrid, Segovia and Ávila), the second one in the mountains of Galicia (provinces of Orense and Pontevedra) [1]. It feeds mainly on dung from horses, often on bovine stool, less commonly on sheep and goat feces. The female uses to dig deeper under the dung than other Geotrupinae species to build the feeding chamber for delivering eggs. C. martinezi has not yet been found in Portugal, and is currently included in the regional list of endangered species of the Community of Madrid.