Sordariomycetes

Slo.: ? - syn.: Sphaeria cohaerens Pers., Hypoxylon cohaerens (Pers.) Fr., Hypoxylon rutilum var. ericae Gonz. Frag., Hypoxylon atrorufum Ellis & Everh. - Habitat: steep mountain slope, south-southeast aspect, calcareous ground, open place, full sun, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-6 deg C, elevations 830 m (2.700 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: cut down Fagus sylvatica trunk lying on ground, on bare wood. - Comments: First I thought I found some species of genus Hypoxylon. The problem was, as I wrongly thought, they grew exclusively on tree bark, not on wood directly (most frequently they do so, but not exclusively). Therefore I considered genus Kretzschmaria, possibly not yet mature and common Kretzschmaria deusta. I know bright whitish-gray anamorph of it and quite common mature completely black stroma. But I've never found something in between. Only after consulting AscoFrance, Mr. Enrique Rubio the pictures were determined as Annulohypoxylon cohaerens (former Hypoxylon cohaerens). Genus Annulohypoxylon was separated from genus Hypoxylon in 2005. Actually subglobose, somewhat flattened above, confluent, at first brown, stroma with papillate ostioles fit well to this determination although the fungus is not yet fully mature. This fungus is an inhabitant of beech and it appears on bare wood as well as on bark. It often grows together with similar Hypoxylon fragiforme, which is a very common species in our woods. Extraction of pigments by KOH and microscopy would make this determination crystal-clear. But this was not done. The discussion about this find on Asco France forum can be reached here: http://www.ascofrance.com/forum?page=1 (search for 'Kretzschmaria deusta ?'). - Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Lothar Krieglsteiner, Thomas Lsse and Peter Pwert. Id'ed by Mr. Enrique Rubio, Asco France, http://www.ascofrance.com/forum?page=1 (2) http://pyrenomycetes.free.fr/hypoxylon/html/Hypoxylon_cohaerens.htm

Slo.: not found in ref.:(2)- Habitat: Partly overgrown scree and rock slopes at the foot of steep mountain side, SW exposed, calcareous ground, light and warm place, full sun, fully exposed to precipitations, medium air humidity, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 440 m (1.450 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: About 2 cm (4/5 inch) diameter dead and partly rotten, yet still in bark, branch of a deciduous tree or bush laying on ground, probably Fagus sylvatica or Coryllus avellana. - Comment: No microscopic investigations done.

Slo.: not found in ref.:(2) - Habitat: Partly overgrown scree and rock slopes at the foot of steep mountain side, SW exposed, calcareous ground, light and warm place, full sun, fully exposed to precipitations, medium air humidity, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 440 m (1.450 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: About 2 cm (4/5 inch) diameter dead and partly rotten, yet still in bark, branch of a deciduous tree or bush laying on ground, probably Fagus sylvatica or Coryllus avellana. - Comment: No microscopic investigations done.

Slo.: not found in ref.:(2) - Habitat: Partly overgrown scree and rock slopes at the foot of steep mountain side, SW exposed, calcareous ground, light and warm place, full sun, fully exposed to precipitations, medium air humidity, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 440 m (1.450 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: About 2 cm (4/5 inch) diameter dead and partly rotten, yet still in bark, branch of a deciduous tree or bush laying on ground, probably Fagus sylvatica or Coryllus avellana. - Comment: No microscopic investigations done.

Slo.: not found in ref.:(2) - Habitat: Partly overgrown scree and rock slopes at the foot of steep mountain side, SW exposed, calcareous ground, light and warm place, full sun, fully exposed to precipitations, medium air humidity, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 440 m (1.450 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: About 2 cm (4/5 inch) diameter dead and partly rotten, yet still in bark, branch of a deciduous tree or bush laying on ground, probably Fagus sylvatica or Coryllus avellana. - Comment: No microscopic investigations done.

Slo.: not found in ref.:(2) - Habitat: Partly overgrown scree and rock slopes at the foot of steep mountain side, SW exposed, calcareous ground, light and warm place, full sun, fully exposed to precipitations, medium air humidity, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 440 m (1.450 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: About 2 cm (4/5 inch) diameter dead and partly rotten, yet still in bark, branch of a deciduous tree or bush laying on ground, probably Fagus sylvatica or Coryllus avellana. - Comment: No microscopic investigations done.

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Habitat: former pastures, now overgrown with bushes (Corylus avellana dominant) and scattered Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxinus ornus; almost flat terrain; calcareous ground; half shade; relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: rotten branch of Corylus avellana lying on ground, still in bark. Comments: Anthostoma decipiens really deserves it species name (decipiens = deceiving). When I found it I was sure I found Cryptospora corylina. Habitus, habitat and all macroscopic features described in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.: 1) fit well to the observation. Also the picture of Cryptospora published there was like my own. But when I looked through the microscope spores were a real surprise. Instead to be very long (50 - 85 microns) and filiform they were short, cylindrical, allantoid 'sausages'. Many Diatrypaceae are macroscopically deceivingly similar. Microscopy revealed Anthostoma decipiens. Substrate is correct. Perithecia are of proper dimensions, of caespitose growth (growing in dense tufts) of 10 or more fruitbodies packed into a pale ochre-brown stoma protruding through the bark and ending with black furrowed perithecial ostioles. Asci are irregularly biseriate, with long apical ring. No paraphyses were seen, which fits to observation in Breitenbach (1984) (Ref.:1.). Spores fit somewhere in between widely different data from Ref.:1. and Ref.:2. Since spores were obtained from crashed perithecia, many of them were eventually not mature. Therefore a second measurement was done taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature). Also asci dimensions given in literature differ significantly. I know no explanation of these differences. Spores smooth, allantoid, cylindrical. Dimensions of the first measurement taking into account all spores. 6.5 [7.3 ; 7.6] 8.4 x 2.1 [2.4 ; 2.5] 2.9 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.5; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.5 x 2.5 microns; Qe = 3. Second measurement taking into account only larges spores (assumed to be mature) gave following result: 7,1 [8,2 ; 8,7] 9,8 x 1,9 [2,3 ; 2,5] 3 microns; Q = 2,8 [3,4 ; 3,7] 4,3; N = 31; C = 95%; Me = 8,5 x 2,4 microns; Qe = 3,5. Asci dimensions: 46.3 [57.4 ; 65.9] 77.1 x 5.5 [6.1 ; 6.6] 7.2 microns; Q = 7.9 [9.2 ; 10.2] 11.5; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 61.7 x 6.4 microns ; Qe = 9.7 (Ref.:1. gives 60-80 x 5.5-7.5 microns, Ref.: 2. gives 35-60/4-5 microns). Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 290. (2) http://www.sipav.org/main/jpp/volumes/0310/031007.pdf (3) http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201500224751

Slo.: vrsta bradavike - syn.: Sphaeria peziza Tode, Neuronectria peziza (Tode) Munk - Habitat: Mixed wood, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sp., Larix decidua, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus; moderately inclined mountain slope, south aspect, calcareous bedrock; rather dry and warm place, partly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead trunk of a large Fagus sylvatica in its last stage of disintegration.Comments: Growing in large colony with hundreds of fruitbodies. No microscopy done.Ref.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Ascomycetes, Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 260.(2) H.O. Baral & O. Baral, G. Marson, In vivo veritas, Hypocreales, 2xCD, 2nd edition (2003)(3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6524~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp(4) F. J. Seaver, Notes on North American Hypocreales-II. Nectria Peziza, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, p203. (available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2479115?seq=3 ) (5) T. Matsushima, Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum(1975), p179 (available at http://www.mycobank.org ) (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 116.

Slo.: vrsta bradavike - syn.: Sphaeria peziza Tode, Neuronectria peziza (Tode) Munk - Habitat: Mixed wood, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sp., Larix decidua, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus; moderately inclined mountain slope, south aspect, calcareous bedrock; rather dry and warm place, partly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: dead trunk of a large Fagus sylvatica in its last stage of disintegration. Comments: Growing in large colony with hundreds of fruitbodies. No microscopy done. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Ascomycetes, Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 260. (2) H.O. Baral & O. Baral, G. Marson, In vivo veritas, Hypocreales, 2xCD, 2nd edition (2003) (3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6524~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp (4) F. J. Seaver, Notes on North American Hypocreales-II. Nectria Peziza, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, p203. (available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2479115?seq=3 ) (5) T. Matsushima, Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum(1975), p179 (available at http://www.mycobank.org ) (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 116.

Slo.: vrsta bradavike - syn.: Sphaeria peziza Tode, Neuronectria peziza (Tode) Munk - Habitat: Mixed wood, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sp., Larix decidua, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus; moderately inclined mountain slope, south aspect, calcareous bedrock; rather dry and warm place, partly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: dead trunk of a large Fagus sylvatica in its last stage of disintegration. Comments: Growing in large colony with hundreds of fruitbodies. No microscopy done. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Ascomycetes, Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 260. (2) H.O. Baral & O. Baral, G. Marson, In vivo veritas, Hypocreales, 2xCD, 2nd edition (2003) (3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6524~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp (4) F. J. Seaver, Notes on North American Hypocreales-II. Nectria Peziza, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, p203. (available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2479115?seq=3 ) (5) T. Matsushima, Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum(1975), p179 (available at http://www.mycobank.org ) (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 116.

Slo.: vrsta bradavike - syn.: Sphaeria peziza Tode, Neuronectria peziza (Tode) Munk - Habitat: Mixed wood, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sp., Larix decidua, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus; moderately inclined mountain slope, south aspect, calcareous bedrock; rather dry and warm place, partly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: dead trunk of a large Fagus sylvatica in its last stage of disintegration. Comments: Growing in large colony with hundreds of fruitbodies. No microscopy done. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Ascomycetes, Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 260. (2) H.O. Baral & O. Baral, G. Marson, In vivo veritas, Hypocreales, 2xCD, 2nd edition (2003) (3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6524~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp (4) F. J. Seaver, Notes on North American Hypocreales-II. Nectria Peziza, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, p203. (available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2479115?seq=3 ) (5) T. Matsushima, Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum(1975), p179 (available at http://www.mycobank.org ) (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 116.

Slo.: vrsta bradavike - syn.: Sphaeria peziza Tode, Neuronectria peziza (Tode) Munk - Habitat: Mixed wood, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sp., Larix decidua, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus; moderately inclined mountain slope, south aspect, calcareous bedrock; rather dry and warm place, partly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: dead trunk of a large Fagus sylvatica in its last stage of disintegration. Comments: Growing in large colony with hundreds of fruitbodies. No microscopy done. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Ascomycetes, Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 260. (2) H.O. Baral & O. Baral, G. Marson, In vivo veritas, Hypocreales, 2xCD, 2nd edition (2003) (3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6524~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp (4) F. J. Seaver, Notes on North American Hypocreales-II. Nectria Peziza, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, p203. (available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2479115?seq=3 ) (5) T. Matsushima, Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum(1975), p179 (available at http://www.mycobank.org ) (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 116.

Slo.: vrsta bradavike - syn.: Sphaeria peziza Tode, Neuronectria peziza (Tode) Munk - Habitat: Mixed wood, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sp., Larix decidua, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus; moderately inclined mountain slope, south aspect, calcareous bedrock; rather dry and warm place, partly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: dead trunk of a large Fagus sylvatica in its last stage of disintegration. Comments: Growing in large colony with hundreds of fruitbodies. No microscopy done. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Ascomycetes, Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 260. (2) H.O. Baral & O. Baral, G. Marson, In vivo veritas, Hypocreales, 2xCD, 2nd edition (2003) (3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6524~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp (4) F. J. Seaver, Notes on North American Hypocreales-II. Nectria Peziza, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, p203. (available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2479115?seq=3 ) (5) T. Matsushima, Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum(1975), p179 (available at http://www.mycobank.org ) (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 116.

Slo.: vrsta bradavike - syn.: Sphaeria peziza Tode, Neuronectria peziza (Tode) Munk - Habitat: Mixed wood, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sp., Larix decidua, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus; moderately inclined mountain slope, south aspect, calcareous bedrock; rather dry and warm place, partly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: dead trunk of a large Fagus sylvatica in its last stage of disintegration. Comments: Growing in large colony with hundreds of fruitbodies. No microscopy done. Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Ascomycetes, Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 260. (2) H.O. Baral & O. Baral, G. Marson, In vivo veritas, Hypocreales, 2xCD, 2nd edition (2003) (3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6524~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp (4) F. J. Seaver, Notes on North American Hypocreales-II. Nectria Peziza, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, p203. (available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2479115?seq=3 ) (5) T. Matsushima, Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum(1975), p179 (available at http://www.mycobank.org ) (6) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 116.

Habitat: Path side surrounded by pastures and mixed wood, near a farm house, locally flat terrain on southeast oriented mountain slope, open place, half sunny, mixed overgrown old scree and alluvial deposits, calcareous ground, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 560 m (1.850 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: old, debarked, hollow stump of a cut down Juglans regia in its final stage of disintegration. - Comments: First I thought this is a myxomicete, however, microscope immediately revealed that it belongs to ascomycetes. Two species (within the scope of the literature available to me) Nectria peziza and Nectria coccinea were the closest candidates. Based on fruit body size, ostioles and oil drops N. peziza seems a better fit. - Fruit body diameter: 0.39 (SD = 0.04) mm, n = 15 (in Ref.: (2) two observations cited: 0.34 mm and 0.3 to 0.5 mm). Ostioles clearly visible. Spores are septated and not warty. When observed slightly out of focus, longitudinal groves are barely visible on some (with my equipment), very slightly constricted, always with two large oil drops. Dimensions of free spores: 11.9(SD = 0.3) x 6.0 (SD = 0.14) μ, Q= 2.00 (SD = 0.14), n= 15. Dimensions of spores measured within asci: 11.7 (SD = 0.9) x 6.2 (SD = 0.5) μ, Q = 1.91 (SD = 0.24), n = 20, (data from Ref.: (2): 11.9 (SD = 1.1) x 5.9 (SD = 0.5) μ, n = 7). Asci dimensions: 88.1 (SD = 10.3) x 9.6 (SD = 1.0) μ, n = 9, (data from Ref.: (2): 70 - 90/7-9 μ; in Ref.:(1) = 60 - 80/7-10 μ). Olympus CH20 NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (pictures of spores, apical ring), NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (asci, trama), Bausch & Lomb 4x/0.10, magnification 40x (perithecia), in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Ascomycetes, Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 260. (2) H.O. Baral & O. Baral, G. Marson, In vivo veritas, Hypocreales, 2xCD, 2nd edition (2003) (3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6524~gid~~source~gallerydefault.asp (4) F. J. Seaver, Notes on North American Hypocreales-II. Nectria Peziza, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, p203. (available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2479115?seq=3 ) 5) T. Matsushima, Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorum(1975), p179 (available at http://www.mycobank.org )