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Species: Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Focke Date: 2012-01-02 Location: La Rochelle Habitat: In open grassy area
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Hobro
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Hobro, Jylland, Danmark
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Potentilla deorum, Mount Olympus, Greece
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west side of I-24 just west of Briley Parkway, Davidson County, Tennessee, US
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Keri Drive, Pleasant View, Cheatham County, Tennessee, US
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close up image of Potentilla norvegica NORWAY CINQUEFOIL at the James Woodworth Prairie Preserve - a single flower head detailing three buds and two full blooms, showing anthers and stigmas.
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Bulbarrow, England, United Kingdom
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Potentilla pusilla Host, syn.: Potentilla puberula Kraan, Potentilla gaudinii Gremli, Potentilla cinerea, P. verna L., subsp. puberula (Kraan) Hegi, P. glandulifera KraanDE.: Grauflaumiges Fingerkraut, Flaum-Fingerkraut, Sternhaarige Frhlings-Fingerkraut Slo.: pritlini petoprstnikDat.: April 23. 2014 and April 27. 2014Lat.: 46.36053 Long.: 13.70211Code: Bot_792/2014_IMG5350 and Bot_793/2014_DSC0618Habitat: former stony pasture; old overgrown scree, slightly southeast inclined slope; calcareous ground; dry, nutrients poor, shallow soil layer, among low grasses and mosses; sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla pusilla is a Middle and South European plant growing in almost all parts of Alps and one of almost 30 species of this genus growing in Slovenia (and one of about 500 worldwide). It is an example of species, which is not easy to determine. Ref.:(3) frankly states that distinguishing it from other species, which also belong to Potentilla verna aggregate is not clear and even contradictory described in literature. To make the situation worse for an amateur the determination depends on very small and sparse plant's hairs. All dichotomous keys of genus Potentilla known to me split genus Potentilla already in a fairly early stage of determination process into two groups of plants - with and without stellar hairs. If one makes a wrong decision with respect to existence and type of these hairs the result of determination is a failure. All references state that Potentilla pusilla should have stellar hairs. Unfortunately, the authors don't agree where these hairs should be located. Ref.: (2) states 'on the whole plant', Ref.: (3) states 'at least at leaf margins', Ref.:(4) assumes they are 'on the upper and lower surface of the leafs', Ref.:(6) states 'on margins and lower and upper surface of leafs' and Ref.:(7) claims they can be found on the lower side of leafs only. Additional difficulty is the fact that these hairs are expected to be not only sparse but also very small and unevenly distributed. Although I looked for them, I haven't found them even with my good quality 10x magnifier and therefore never came to an acceptable determination of the plants photographed. Only after I was instructed to check thoroughly Potentilla pusilla traits again and I put the plant under a dissecting microscope I found these stellar hairs and hence recognized the plant. The hairs were really small and sparse. Interestingly, I noticed two types of them (in addition to vast majority of other types of hairs). The hairs of the first type are located on the lower side of the leaf surface. They are very sparse and maximally 100 m long, most of them much shorter, and without much larger central hair. Hairs of the second type are easier to find and are located here and there at the margins of leafs. They are surrounding the base of much larger (> 20 times), simple, up to 1(2) mm longleaf side hairs. Most of the second type stellar hairs are shorter than 50 m. I was unable to find stellar hairs on the upper side of leafs, leaf petioles and other parts of the plant. This 'hair picture' doesn't fit fully to any of species description known to me. But, since these hairs appear to be a very variable trait of this species, I still believe the determination is correct. Plants were growing in groups, sometimes forming quite large flat 'cushions' with many beautiful flowers.Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, SAZU, Natural History Institute Jovan Hadi. (2) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 262.(3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 484.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 254. (5) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 774.(6) Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11. Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 237. (7) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 219.
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2010.05.28 Vienna XXII. (roadside, near a corn field, 155 m AMSL).Flower.German name: Hoch-Fingerkraut
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Nevada, United States
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2011-04-02 Lower Austria, district Bruck-Leitha (Spitzerberg, 280 msm Quadrant 7967/2).German name: Sand-Frhlings-Fingerkraut
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Nevada, United States
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Nevada, United States
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Picos de los Infiernos: Pirineo aragons.Espaa
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Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Focke, syn.: Fragaria indica AndrewsYellow-flowered Strawberry; DE: Scheinerdbeere, Indische Erdbeere, Falsche ErdbeereSlo.: indijski jagodnjakDat.: Sept. 5. 2014Lat.: 46.36043 Long.: 13.70279Code: Bot_832/2014_IMG6809Picture file names: from Duchesne-indica_raw_20 to Duchesne-indica_raw_24.Habitat: semiruderal grassland near a cottage; flat, shallow, calcareous ground, overgrown colluvial terrain; mostly in shade; under a canopy of Juglans regia; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.960 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, 'Na Melu' place, near cottage Trenta 2b, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: Duchesnea indica isn't a native plant of Slovenia. It was introduced relatively recently (about 20 years ago) and escaped from gardens. It is now spreading over the country by birds, which eat its fruits. It origins from south and southeast Asia and is considered a potentially invasive plant. The first occurrence in the upper Soa river region was observed in 2007 downstream of Bovec near Pluna village. This find is some 20 km upstream the Soa river and is, to my knowledge, the first in the Trenta valley.The plant's leaves and fruits are very similar to wild strawberry and confusions are easy Contrary, when it is in bloom, it is easy to distinguish it from wild strawberry since it blooms yellow. Its appealing fruits aren't poisonous but they are, at best, tasteless if not of slightly unpleasant taste. Although looking as tasteful wild strawberries - tasting it is a big disappointment.Ref.:(1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 480.(2) L. Pintar, A. Selikar, Cvetje Slovenske Deele - Florula Slovenica, Zaloba Narava d.o.o. (2015) (in Slovenian), p 119.(3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 174.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 256.
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2010.06.04 Vienna XII. (roadside, poplar avenue, 195 m AMSL).Common; here with seeds of Populus nigra.Flowering from june till august (october).German name: Kriech-FingerkrautID: Fischer & al., Exkursionsflora (2008 3rd)
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2010.08.01 N Neunkirchen - Rax (alpine meadow/Pinus mugo shrublands, 1840 m AMSL).German name: Clusius-Fingerkraut
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Piovene Rocchette, Veneto, Italy
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Olloy, Namur, Belgium
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Frise, Netherlands
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