Eumops perotis is easily identified by large ears united across the top of its skull and projecting about 10 mm beyond its snout. It is the largest molossid in North America. Characteristic to the family Molossidae, its wings are distinctively long but rather narrow. Their flight membranes are tough and leathery. This is a free-tailed bat whith relatively large feet. Its pelage is short, velvety, and whitish at the roots. Coloration is dark to greyish brown dorsally and more pale ventrally. The dental formula is I 1/2, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 3/3 X 2 = 30. Both sexes of the western mastiff bat possess a peculiar dermal gland on the throat which looks like a pouch and produces an odoriferous secretion, athough this gland is much more developed in the males (Ahlborn, 2000; Texas Tech, 1997; Allen, 1987).
Average mass: 57 g.
Average length: 81 mm.
Range wingspan: 0.53 to 0.60 m.
Average wingspan: 0.56 m.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Suitable habitat for the western mastiff bat consists of extensive open areas with potential roost locations having vertical faces to drop off from and take flight, such as crevices in rock outcropings and cliff faces, tunnels and tall buildings. This species inhabits various types of open, semi-arid to arid habitats. These include coastal and desert scrublands, annual and perennial grasslands, conifer and deciduous woodlands, as well as palm oases (Ahlborn, 2000; Cockrum, 1960; Allen, 1987).
Range elevation: 5 to 300 m.
Habitat Regions: terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: desert or dune ; chaparral ; forest ; scrub forest
Other Habitat Features: urban ; suburban
The distribution of the western mastiff bat is patchy. It can be found from the coast of the southwestern United States into central Mexico and southeast to Cuba. The northern limit of its range is the southern half of California. In the United States it extends southeast into western Texas through southern Nevada and southwestern Arizona. The southern limit of its range is in Argentina. This species is non-migratory (Hall, 1981, Allen, 1987, Cockrum, 1960).
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native ); neotropical (Native )
Western mastiff bats feed primarily on insects which they catch in flight. These bats rarely utilize night roosts and feed at night, with foraging ranges exceeding 24 km from roost sites, and a long foraging period of 6 to 7 hours. Prey includes relatively small, low-flying, and weak-flying insects. They usually feed from ground to tree-level but may soar to heights of some 60 m in rugged terrain. It is interesting to note that flightless insects, including ants and crickets, comprise part of their diet even though these bats are unable to take off from the ground, requiring that the prey be snatched up as the bat flies by. These prey items are likely to be taken from surfaces such as canyon walls (Cockrum 1960; Texas Tech, 1997; Ahlborn, 2000).
Some insect prey include: moths, crickets, grasshoppers, bees, dragonflies, leafbugs, beetles, true bugs, ants and wasps.
Animal Foods: insects
Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore )
Eumops perotis is an insectivore feeding primarily on flying insects.
Western mastiff bats feed on various insects and may play a role in controlling their populations, hence decreasing losses to agricultural products upon which these insects feed.
Positive Impacts: controls pest population
This species sometimes roosts in high buildings or tunnels where it can be an unsightly nuisance.
Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical
Apparently, litte data is available for the current status of this bat species. Bat Conservation International lists Eumops perotis on its Threatened and Endangered Bats List due to the the fact that it uses only select drinking sites and is severely limited by the availability of drinking water. Because its wing structure is adapted for fast and straight-line flight, it is unable to drink from water sources less than 30 m long. As a consequence, western mastiff bats are no longer found in many previously occupied areas and populations may be in decline (Acker, 2001).
Temperate North American bats are now threatened by a fungal disease called “white-nose syndrome.” This disease has devastated eastern North American bat populations at hibernation sites since 2007. The fungus, Geomyces destructans, grows best in cold, humid conditions that are typical of many bat hibernacula. The fungus grows on, and in some cases invades, the bodies of hibernating bats and seems to result in disturbance from hibernation, causing a debilitating loss of important metabolic resources and mass deaths. Mortality rates at some hibernation sites have been as high as 90%. While there are currently no reports of Eumops perotis mortalities as a result of white-nose syndrome, the disease continues to expand its range in North America.
US Migratory Bird Act: no special status
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Males attract females with secretions from their enlarged dermal gland during the mating season.
Mating System: polygynous
Males and females of this species remain together throughout the year, including the period when young are produced. Mating occurs in early spring when the dermal gland of adult males is most functional and the testes enlarge and descend. Normally only one young is produced per pregnancy, with twins being very rare. Eumops perotis is a eutherian with a gestation period of approximately 80 to 90 days. The offspring are dull black in color at birth and are naked, except for tactile hairs on the feet and face. The period of parturition usually extends from June into July, varying more than for any other bat in the United States. A nursery colony of these bats may contain young ranging from newborn individuals to ones already several weeks old. Nursery roosts are located in tight rock crevices or holes in buildings at least 90 cm deep and 5 cm wide (Texas Tech, 1997; Ahlborn, 2000).
Breeding season: March to July
Range number of offspring: 1 to 2.
Average number of offspring: 1.
Range gestation period: 80 to 90 days.
Range weaning age: 1 to 2 months.
Key Reproductive Features: gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization (Internal ); viviparous
Males remain with females during the period when young are produced but it is uncertain what degree of assistance in care they actually provide.
Parental Investment: pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)
El ratpenat cuallarg gegant americà (Eumops perotis) és el ratpenat més gros autòcton de Nord-amèrica.
El ratpenat cuallarg gegant americà (Eumops perotis) és el ratpenat més gros autòcton de Nord-amèrica.
Die Westliche Bulldoggfledermaus (Eumops perotis) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Bulldoggfledermäuse und in Nord- und Südamerika beheimatet. Sie ist die größte Fledermaus der Vereinigten Staaten. Der Artname „perotis“ leitet sich vom griechischen „per“ (durch, komplett) und „ota“ (Ohr) ab.
Die Westliche Bulldoggfledermaus ist mit einer Unterarmlänge von 73 bis 83 mm und einer Gesamtlänge von 157 bis 184 mm die größte bekannte Bulldoggfledermaus. Die Männchen sind dabei etwas größer als die Weibchen. Das Gewicht beträgt 45–73 g. Die Westliche Bulldoggfledermaus ist dunkler gefärbt als die ebenfalls in den USA vorkommende Schwesterart Eumops underwoodi. Die Fellfarbe variiert von dunkelgrau über braungrau bis schokoladenbraun, wobei der Bauch heller ist und oft die weiße Basis der Haare sichtbar ist. Die Unterlippe ist stark behaart und runzlig. Direkt unter dem Auge befindet sich jeweils eine kleine Drüse. Die Ohren sind in der Mitte miteinander verbunden, relativ lang und ragen wenn nach vorne gelegt über die Schnauze hinaus. Der Schwanz ragt weit über die Schwanzflughaut hinaus. Die Flügel der Westlichen Bulldoggfledermaus sind schmal und lang, und somit an schnelles, langes Fliegen angepasst. Die Flughaut ist lederartig und relativ dick. Männchen besitzen eine Drüse an der Kehle, welche während der Paarungszeit vergrößert ist und eine dickflüssige, ölige Substanz produziert. Sie wird wahrscheinlich während der Balz eingesetzt, um mit ihrem Geruch Weibchen anzulocken.
Die Westliche Bulldoggfledermaus ist wie die meisten Fledermäuse nachtaktiv und ernährt sich primär von Insekten. Dabei werden fliegende Insekten mit relativ weichen, großen Körpern (z. B. Nachtfalter) bevorzugt. Die Körpertemperatur beträgt 34–35 °C, tagsüber gehen die Tiere oft in Torpor, halten jedoch wahrscheinlich keinen Winterschlaf. Kolonien von weniger als 100 Individuen halten sich meistens in Dächern, Felsspalten und anderen höhergelegenen Verstecken auf, da sie eine Mindesthöhe von 2 Metern brauchen, um losfliegen zu können. Jungtiere werden während des Sommers geboren, wobei die Weibchen innerhalb einer Kolonie nicht synchronisiert sind und jeweils nur ein einziges Jungtier zur Welt bringen. Die Männchen werden im Gegensatz zu den Glattnasenartigen (Vespertilionidae) Nordamerikas erst im Frühling reproduktiv aktiv. Anders als andere Bulldoggfledermäuse besitzt die Westliche Bulldoggfledermaus keinen Penisknochen.
Die Westliche Bulldoggfledermaus kommt in zwei geographisch voneinander getrennten Populationen vor. Die nördliche Population erstreckt sich vom Südwesten der Vereinigten Staaten bis in den Süden Mexikos, während die südliche Population von Panama bis Argentinien verbreitet ist. Die Art wird von der IUCN dank ihrer Häufigkeit und der weiten Verbreitung als ungefährdet eingestuft[1], jedoch sind die Populationen rückläufig.
Die Westliche Bulldoggfledermaus (Eumops perotis) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Bulldoggfledermäuse und in Nord- und Südamerika beheimatet. Sie ist die größte Fledermaus der Vereinigten Staaten. Der Artname „perotis“ leitet sich vom griechischen „per“ (durch, komplett) und „ota“ (Ohr) ab.
The western mastiff bat (Eumops perotis), also known as the western bonneted bat, the greater mastiff bat, or the greater bonneted bat, is a member of the free-tailed bat family, Molossidae. It is found in the Western United States, Mexico and South America. This species is the largest bat native to North America, and some of its distinguishing characteristics are its large ears, wings, and forearms.[2][3] The subspecies Eumops perotis californicus is a species of concern as identified by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The range of this subspecies is principally southwest desert regions of the United States, along the border with Mexico; however, the range extends as far north on the Pacific coast as Alameda County, California.[4]
The western mastiff bat is located in both South America and North America. In South America, the species is found in Brazil and its neighboring countries, ranging southward to northern Argentina. It can also be found in Cuba.[5] The subspecies in North America, Eumops perotis californicus, resides in the southwestern United States (California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas) and ranges southward to parts of central Mexico.[6]
The greater mastiff bat prefers to live in habitats with open space. Some examples include desert scrub, woodlands, and grasslands.[7] Roosts are commonly located in crevices of rocky areas, such as cliffs and canyons,[6] and have also been found within man-made structures such as buildings and tunnels.[7] As the western mastiff bat cannot take off from flat surfaces, these spots are at least 3 meters above ground, providing the bat with sufficient space to drop from and take flight.[6]
Eumops perotis is most notable for its size, as it is the largest North American bat. It has a body length of 6.2 to 7.2 in (16 to 18 cm)[8] and a wingspan of over 22 in (56 cm).[5] The body mass of this species can range from 60 to 70 g (2.1 to 2.5 oz).[8] The wings are long yet narrow, which limits the species' maneuverability in the air. The body mass of this species can range from 45 to 73 g (1.6 to 2.6 oz).[8] A defining characteristic is its large ears that range between 1.4 to 1.85 in (3.6 to 4.7 cm) and extend over the bat's snout. It also has large forearms with a length of 2.9 to 3.3 in (7.4 to 8.4 cm).[8] Males are larger than females and also have an odoriferous gland on their throat, which is less developed in females.[9] The western mastiff bat is mostly dark in color, as the body is primarily brown or gray, though the underside is a lighter color.[8]
Western mastiff bats are nocturnal, leaving roosts at night to find food.[6] Unlike most North American bats, they do not undergo either migration or prolonged hibernation, but are periodically active all winter.[2] The size of colonies varies, but they usually consist of less than 100 bats. Males and females live together yearly, even during maternity periods.[2]
The species is very active at night, spending 6–7 hours flying a night for a total distance of about 14.9 miles (24.0 km).[3] Its long, narrow wings allow the bat to maintain flight at high speeds for long periods of time. These bats can reach heights of 196 feet (60 m), though they are also observed flying closer to the ground.[9] One notable characteristic of this species is its high pitched echolocation call, as it can be heard from heights of 990 feet (300 m).[6]
The western mastiff bat mainly feeds on small insects. Moths are its biggest food source, but it has been observed to eat beetles, ants, dragonflies, crickets, and grasshoppers.[5][9]
This species begins mating in early spring and the offspring is born in the summer, usually by July.[9] The gestation period is about 80–90 days, and females give birth to one offspring at a time, though twins are possible.[9] The parturition period varies greatly. The young remain in a nursery after birth, with both the males and females.[9]
Though the western mastiff bat is listed under the Least Concern Category by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Bat Conservation International reports that its numbers are decreasing in certain areas. One reason for its decline is its inability to find suitable water sites for drinking, as its size prevents it from drinking from small bodies of water.[10] Grazing and the use of pesticides have impacted foraging habitats.[2] The loss of cliff sites as a result of urban/suburban development and activities such as water impoundments, highway building, and quarry operations has also contributed to the species' endangered status, making it harder to find adequate roost places.[2]
The western mastiff bat (Eumops perotis), also known as the western bonneted bat, the greater mastiff bat, or the greater bonneted bat, is a member of the free-tailed bat family, Molossidae. It is found in the Western United States, Mexico and South America. This species is the largest bat native to North America, and some of its distinguishing characteristics are its large ears, wings, and forearms. The subspecies Eumops perotis californicus is a species of concern as identified by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The range of this subspecies is principally southwest desert regions of the United States, along the border with Mexico; however, the range extends as far north on the Pacific coast as Alameda County, California.
El Eumops perotis (Murciélago gigante de bonete, o Moloso orejón grande, o Moloso gigante), es miembro de la familia de los molósidos. Habita en el Oeste de Estados Unidos, México y Sudamérica, y es el murciélago de mayor porte que es nativo de América del Norte. La subespecie Eumops perotis californicus ha sido identificada por el U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service como una especie amaenazada. El rango de esta subespecie es esencialmente el sudoeste de las regiones desérticas de Estados Unidos, a lo largo de la frontera con México; sin embargo, el rango se extiende hacia el norte sobre la costa del Pacífico hasta Alameda County, California.[2]
El cuerpo del murciélago gigante de bonete mide 14 cm a 18 cm y la envargadura de sus alas excede 55 cm. Posee un pelo color chocolate y treinta dientes.[3]
El murciélago gigante de bonete necesita por lo menos 3 m de espacio abierto por debajo de su sitio de reposo para poder remontar vuelo. Sus chillidos de ecolocación, que en la mayoría de los murciélagos son inaudibles para los humanos, pueden ser oídos desde una distancia de 300 m. Durante el día forman colonias de menos de 100 ejemplares. A diferencia de muchos de los murciélagos de América del Norte, no son migratorios ni poseen una hibernación prolongada, y durante todo el invierno permanecen activos.[4]
Se alimenta de insectos, de los cuales una gran proporción son mariposas nocturnas. A menudo baja al suelo para alimentarse allí, manteniendo su cola erguida.[5]
El Eumops perotis (Murciélago gigante de bonete, o Moloso orejón grande, o Moloso gigante), es miembro de la familia de los molósidos. Habita en el Oeste de Estados Unidos, México y Sudamérica, y es el murciélago de mayor porte que es nativo de América del Norte. La subespecie Eumops perotis californicus ha sido identificada por el U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service como una especie amaenazada. El rango de esta subespecie es esencialmente el sudoeste de las regiones desérticas de Estados Unidos, a lo largo de la frontera con México; sin embargo, el rango se extiende hacia el norte sobre la costa del Pacífico hasta Alameda County, California.
Eumops perotis Eumops generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Molossinae azpifamilia eta Molossidae familian sailkatuta dago
Eumops perotis Eumops generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Molossinae azpifamilia eta Molossidae familian sailkatuta dago
Eumops perotis est la plus grande chauve-souris d'Amérique du Nord.Elles vivent essentiellement dans les canyons rocheux typiques du Sud-Ouest aride. Elles créent des habitations dans les crevasses des falaises verticales.
Elle appartient à la famille des Molossidae. Elle se nourrit d'insectes, essentiellement des papillons de nuit. Sa fourrure est marron et elle possède 30 dents. Elle utilise un système d'écholocalisation qui est audible par les Hommes. Elles passent la journée en colonies de moins de 100 individus et sortent la nuit. Elle reste active tout l'hiver.
Eumops perotis est la plus grande chauve-souris d'Amérique du Nord.Elles vivent essentiellement dans les canyons rocheux typiques du Sud-Ouest aride. Elles créent des habitations dans les crevasses des falaises verticales.
Elle appartient à la famille des Molossidae. Elle se nourrit d'insectes, essentiellement des papillons de nuit. Sa fourrure est marron et elle possède 30 dents. Elle utilise un système d'écholocalisation qui est audible par les Hommes. Elles passent la journée en colonies de moins de 100 individus et sortent la nuit. Elle reste active tout l'hiver.
Eumops perotis (Schinz, 1821) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Molossidi diffuso nel continente americano.[1][2]
Pipistrello di grandi dimensioni, con la lunghezza totale tra 159 e 187 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 73 e 83 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 55 e 72 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 36 e 47 mm, un'apertura alare fino a 53,5 cm e un peso fino a 73 g.[3]
La pelliccia è corta e vellutata. Le parti dorsali sono bruno-olivastre, con la base dei peli biancastra. mentre le parti ventrali sono più chiare. La testa è larga ed appiattita, le labbra sono lisce. Le orecchie sono larghe, triangolari e unite alla base anteriore. Il trago è grande, largo e squadrato, mentre l'antitrago è grande e semi-circolare. Le ali sono attaccate posteriormente sulle caviglie. La coda è lunga, tozza e si estende per circa la metà oltre l'uropatagio. Entrambi i sessi hanno una sacca ghiandolare sulla gola che produce una secrezione odorosa. I maschi sono privi dell'osso penico. Il cariotipo è 2n=48 FNa=56.
Si rifugia in gruppi fino a 100 individui nelle cavità degli alberi, sotto i tetti delle case e nelle fessure rocciose. Forma vivai dove frequentemente sono presenti anche dei maschi. Entra in uno stato di torpore durante il giorno da dicembre a febbraio. Può percorrere fino a 10-25 km per cercare cibo. L'attività predatoria inizia tra 40 minuti e un'ora e mezza dopo il tramonto, dura almeno sei ore e mezza durante le quali vola ininterrottamente, per poi tornare alle prime ore del mattino nei rifugi. Il suo volo è rapido e diretto e si tratta del molosside più veloce.
Si nutre di insetti, particolarmente di falene, grilli, cavallette, api, libellule, scarafaggi, formiche e vespe catturati vicino al suolo o in volo fino a 60 metri di altezza.
Danno alla luce un piccolo alla volta da giugno a luglio dopo una gestazione di 80-90 giorni. Vengono svezzati dopo 1-2 mesi. Gli accoppiamenti avvengono i primi giorni di primavera.
Questa specie è diffusa dagli Stati Uniti d'America sud-occidentali al Messico centrale e nell'America meridionale, dalla Colombia fino all'Argentina, eccetto le Guiane. È presente anche sull'isola di Cuba.
Vive in zone coltivate, zone aride e in foreste subtropicali fino a 3.000 metri di altitudine
Sono state riconosciute 3 sottospecie:
La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale e la popolazione presumibilmente numerosa, classifica E.perotis come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]
Eumops perotis (Schinz, 1821) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Molossidi diffuso nel continente americano.
De mutsvleermuis (Eumops perotis) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de bulvleermuizen (Molossidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Schinz in 1821.
De soort komt voor in Argentinië, Brazilië, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Mexico en de Verenigde Staten.
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesDe mutsvleermuis (Eumops perotis) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de bulvleermuizen (Molossidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Schinz in 1821.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Czapeczkowiec uszaty[3] (Eumops perotis) – gatunek ssaka z rodziny molosowatych[4].
Występuje w lasach i w pobliżu osiedli ludzkich południowo-zachodniej części USA, Meksyku i w północnej części Ameryki Południowej.
Nietoperze te opuszczają kryjówki po zapadnięciu zmroku i polują na małe owady, głównie mrówki, osy i pszczoły.
W okresie godowym gruczoły szyjne samców silnie nabrzmiewają. Możliwe, że ta wydzielina przywabia samice. Późnym latem samica wydaje na świat często nawet 2 młodych.
Czapeczkowiec uszaty (Eumops perotis) – gatunek ssaka z rodziny molosowatych.
Eumops perotis é uma espécie de morcego da família Molossidae. Pode ser encontrada em duas populações distintas uma nos Estados Unidos da América e México; e outra na Colômbia, Brasil, Equador, Peru, Bolívia, Paraguai e Argentina.
Eumops perotis é uma espécie de morcego da família Molossidae. Pode ser encontrada em duas populações distintas uma nos Estados Unidos da América e México; e outra na Colômbia, Brasil, Equador, Peru, Bolívia, Paraguai e Argentina.
Eumops perotis[2][3][4][5][6] är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Schinz 1821. Eumops perotis ingår i släktet Eumops och familjen veckläppade fladdermöss.[7][8] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1]
Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[7] Wilson & Reeder (2005) skiljer mellan tre underarter.[4]
Artepitet perotis bildas av det latinska prefixet per ("genom" eller "fullständig") och grekiska ota ("öra").[9]
Arten är med en absolut kroppslängd (inklusive svans) av 157 till 184 mm och en vikt av 45 till 73 g en stor medlem i släktet Eumops. Hanar är avsevärd större än honor. Påfallande är de 36 till 47 mm långa öronen som når framför nosen när de riktas framåt. Eumops perotis har liksom andra veckläppade fladdermöss smala vingar med en vingspann mellan 515 och 535 mm. Pälsens färg på ovansidan varierar mellan gråbrun, mörkgrå och endast brun. Hårens vita rot är ibland synlig. Vid buken förekommer grå päls. Arten har en körtel på strupen som liknar en liten påse i utseende och som producerar en doftande vätska. Påsen är hos honor mindre.[9][10]
I motsats till andra arter av samma släkte som lever i USA saknar Eumops perotis långa täckhår på buken. Öronen är sammanlänkade med varandra och den lilla broskiga fliken (tragus) är bredare än hos andra Eumops-arter och mera fyrkantig.
Denna fladdermus har två populationer, en i västra Nordamerika och den andra i norra Sydamerika. Den hittas även på Kuba. Arten vistas i torra eller halvtorra områden. Individerna vilar i grottor, i bergssprickor och i byggnader. De äter främst insekter.[1]
Kolonier som bildas vid viloplatsen har vanligen mindre än 100 medlemmar. I flera fall har andra fladdermusarter observerats i samma gömställe. När individen börjar flyga behöver den starta från ett ställe där den kan falla två meter för att få rätt hastighet. Eumops perotis håller ingen vinterdvala men den faller tidvis i ett stelt tillstånd (torpor). I motsats till Eumops underwoodi föredrar Eumops perotis på grund av sina långa smala tänder stora och mjuka insekter eller insekter med en skål som är måttlig hård. Arten har höga läten som kan höras av människor. Den är på morgonen och eftermiddagen aktiv i sitt gömställe men jakten sker främst under natten. Honor bildar inga avskilda kolonier före ungarnas födelse.[9]
I motsats till flera andra fladdermöss som lever i Nordamerika förekommer ingen fördröjd embryoutveckling. Parningen sker oftast under våren och ibland under sommaren.[9] Enligt en studie är honan 80 till 90 dagar dräktig.[10] Per kull föds en unge eller sällan tvillingar. Ungen är vid födelsen nästan naken och har en svart kroppsfärg. Några ungar hade redan öppna ögon vid födelsen.[9]
Artens livslängd är inte känd men vissa individer påträffades levande 2 år efter att de fick ett märke.[9]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Eumops perotis.
Wikispecies har information om Eumops perotis.
Eumops perotis är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Schinz 1821. Eumops perotis ingår i släktet Eumops och familjen veckläppade fladdermöss. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.
Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life. Wilson & Reeder (2005) skiljer mellan tre underarter.
Artepitet perotis bildas av det latinska prefixet per ("genom" eller "fullständig") och grekiska ota ("öra").
грец. εὖ — «хороший, справжній», mops — малайське слово, яке означає «кажан». грец. πηρος — «скалічений, зранений», грец. ωτός — «вухо», посилаючись на зовнішній вигляд обличчя з висячими вухами, які створюють враження поранення або зламаності.
Країни мешкання: Аргентина, Бразилія, Колумбія, Еквадор, Мексика, Парагвай, Перу, США (Аризона, Каліфорнія, Невада, Техас). Цей вид живе в різних типах відкритих, напівпосушливих і посушливих місць проживання.
Морфометрія. Довжина голови й тіла: 111—116, хвіст: 55—68, задні ступні: 17—18, вуха: 35—44, передпліччя: 70—83, вага: 80—90.
Опис. Дуже великий вид. Писок загострений, вертикальна верхня губа без складок і зморшок. Вуха довгі, пласкі, спрямовані вперед, утворюючи структуру, як капелюх на очі. Шерсть зазвичай блідіша при основі. Спина масляна, темно-коричнева. Черевна область аналогічного спині кольору , без особливої контрастності. Зубна формула: I 1/2, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 3/3, в цілому 30 зубів.
Лаштує сідала в тріщинах і заглибленнях скель, тунелів і висотних будівель. Їм необхідно не менше 3 м відкритого простору для зльоту. Його ехолокаційні скрипи можна почути на відстані до 300 м. Протягом дня вони утворюють колонії менше 100 осіб. На відміну від більшості північноамериканських кажанів, вони не вдаються до міграції або тривалої сплячки, але періодично активні всю зиму.
Eumops perotis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi thò đuôi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Schinz mô tả năm 1821.[2]
Phương tiện liên quan tới Eumops perotis tại Wikimedia Commons
Eumops perotis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi thò đuôi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Schinz mô tả năm 1821.
서부사냥개박쥐(Eumops perotis)는 큰귀박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다. 서부도가머리박쥐 또는 큰사냥개박쥐, 큰도가머리박쥐라는 이름으로도 알려져 있다. 미국 서부와 멕시코 그리고 남아메리카에서 발견되며, 북아메리카 토착종 중에서 가장 큰 박쥐이다. 미국 어류 및 야생동물관리국이 아종 Eumops perotis californicus을 관심대상종으로 지정했다. 아종 E. p. californicus의 분포 지역은 주로 멕시코와의 국경을 따라 이어지는 미국 남서부 사막 지역이다. 그러나 분포 지역에 따라서는 멀리 북쪽 태평양 해안의 캘리포니아주 앨러미다 군까지 연장되기도 한다.[2]
서부도가머리박쥐의 몸길이는 14~19cm이고, 날개 폭은 56cm 이상이다. 초콜렛 갈색 털과 30개의 이빨을 갖고 있다.[3] 몸무게는 60~70g 정도이다.[4]
서부사냥개박쥐는 날기 위해서 박쥐가 매달려 있는 무리 아래에 최소 3m 정도의 열린 공간이 필요하다. 300m 이상의 거리에서도 반향 정위를 할 때 내는 소리를 들을 수 있다. 서부사냥개박쥐는 대부분의 박쥐 종들처럼 몇 kHz 대역의 사람들이 들을 수 있는 소리 이상의 소리를 낼 정도로 특이하다. 낮 동안에 100마리 이하의 무리를 형성하여 지낸다. 대부분의 북아메리카 박쥐류와 달리, 다른 장소로 떠나거나 겨울잠을 자지 않는 반면에 겨울 내내 주기적으로 활동한다.[5] 먹이는 곤충이며 최대 80%는 나방이다. 종종 땅으로 내려 와서 끈쩍거리는 꼬리를 통해 먹이를 구한다.
서부사냥개박쥐(Eumops perotis)는 큰귀박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다. 서부도가머리박쥐 또는 큰사냥개박쥐, 큰도가머리박쥐라는 이름으로도 알려져 있다. 미국 서부와 멕시코 그리고 남아메리카에서 발견되며, 북아메리카 토착종 중에서 가장 큰 박쥐이다. 미국 어류 및 야생동물관리국이 아종 Eumops perotis californicus을 관심대상종으로 지정했다. 아종 E. p. californicus의 분포 지역은 주로 멕시코와의 국경을 따라 이어지는 미국 남서부 사막 지역이다. 그러나 분포 지역에 따라서는 멀리 북쪽 태평양 해안의 캘리포니아주 앨러미다 군까지 연장되기도 한다.
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