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Comprehensive Description

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Tubastraea faulkneri Wells, 1982

Tubastraea faulkneri Wells, 1982:216. pl. 3: figs. 1–3 [synonymy]; 1983:244. pl. 19: figs. 1–4.
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bibliographic citation
Cairns, Stephen D. 1991. "A revision of the Ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-32. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.504

Tubastraea faulkneri

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Tubastraea faulkneri, common name Orange sun coral, is a species of large-polyp stony corals belonging to the family Dendrophylliidae.[1] Other common names of this coral are Orange Cup Coral, Sun Coral, Orange Polyp Coral, Rose Sun Coral, Golden Cup Coral, Sun Flower Coral, and Tube Coral.[2]

Etymology

The species has been named faulkneri by the American paleontologist John West Wells in 1982 in honor of Douglas Faulkner, who collected and illustrated in color the specimen used for the description.

Distribution

This species is mainly present in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, in Australian water and from the Philippines to the Galapagos Islands.[3][4]

Habitat

These large-polyp stony corals usually occurs in areas with a strong water flow and a high nutrient content, not necessarily related to the reef, at depths of 3 to 5 m.[5]

Description

Tubastrea faulkneri with tentacles withdrawn

Tubastraea faulkneri is an encrusting coral that can become massive and strongly convex. The corallites of this species are covered with a porous tissue (coenosteum) with a vermicular appearance.

The calices have a diameter of 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in) and a depth of 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in). They are spaced of 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) and rise of 3–8 mm (0.12–0.31 in) above the coenosteum. The tentacles of the polyps are bright yellow-orange, while the coenosteum and the center of the polyps are deeper orange. The surface of the coenosteum is swollen between calices.

They have four cycles of septa, with almost vertical internal margins dropping steeply towards the columella.[4] The third cycle of septa barely reaches the edge of the calice and the fourth cycle is weakly developed, often incomplete and irregularly fused in the third cycle. The columella is deep, spongy, and often slightly compressed.[4]

This species is rather similar to Tubastraea coccinea, but the latter species lacks of spacing between the corallites and usually they are united only at the base, while in T. faulkneri there is clearly a space between the polyps.[4][6]

Biology and behavior

These corals are slow growers and do not contribute to coral reef development (ahermatypic). Unlike many tropical corals, they are azooxanthellate or non-photosynthetic, meaning that they do not live in symbiosis with zooxanthellae in their tissues, allowing them to grow in complete darkness as long as they can capture enough food.

They extend their translucent tentacles during the late evening and the night, while during the day the tentacles are completely withdrawn and also the coenosteum is visible. They usually feed on plankton.

Like most corals, Tubastraea faulkneri reproduce asexually. They are hermaphrodites. Mature gametes are spawned through the mouth. The zygote develops into a planktonic planula larva.[3][7]

References

Wikispecies has information related to Tubastraea faulkneri.
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Tubastraea faulkneri: Brief Summary

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Tubastraea faulkneri, common name Orange sun coral, is a species of large-polyp stony corals belonging to the family Dendrophylliidae. Other common names of this coral are Orange Cup Coral, Sun Coral, Orange Polyp Coral, Rose Sun Coral, Golden Cup Coral, Sun Flower Coral, and Tube Coral.

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Tubastraea faulkneri ( French )

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Tubastraea faulkneri est une espèce de coraux appartenant à la famille des Dendrophylliidae[2].

Description et caractéristiques

Tubastraea faulkneri est un corail incrustant pouvant devenir massif et fortement convexe. Les calices, espacés de 5 à 15 mm, remontent de 3 à 8 mm au dessus d'un coenostéum poreux et d'aspect vermiculaire. La surface du coenostéum est renflée entre les calices. Ceux-ci ont un diamètre de l'ordre de 8 à 10 mm de diamètre avec une profondeur de 5 à 8 mm. Les calices comportent quatre cycles de septa (cloisons) aux marges intérieures presque verticales tombant à pic vers la columelle. Le troisième cycle de septa atteint à peine le bord du calice et le quatrième cycle est faiblement développé, souvent incomplet et irrégulièrement fusionné au troisième cycle. La columelle est profonde, spongieuse, et souvent légèrement comprimée[3].

Les polypes sont de couleur orange[3].

Tubastraea faulkneri est assez semblable à Tubastraea coccinea mais s'en distingue par des calices largement espacés enfoncés dans le coenostéum et par la fusion importante des cloisons (septa) du quatrième cycle à celles du troisième. Chez Tubastraea coccinea les calices sont étroitement espacés et généralement seulement unis à la base[3].

Habitat et répartition

Cette espèce de corail se rencontre dans l'océan pacifique entre 3 et 8 m de profondeur depuis les Philippines jusqu'aux Îles Galapagos[3].

Taxinomie

Cette espèce a été décrite par John West Wells en 1982 et nommée en l'honneur de Douglas Faulkner qui a collecté et illustré en couleur le spécimen ayant servi à la description.

Publication originale

  • Wells, J. W. 1982. Notes on Indo-Pacific Scleractinian Corals. Part 9. New Corals from the Galapagos Islands. Pacific Science 36(2):211-219 [216] pdf.

Galerie

Notes et références

  1. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), www.itis.gov, CC0 https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK, consulté le 6 décembre 2015
  2. ITIS (consulté le 6 décembre 2015)
  3. a b c et d Wells, J. W. 1982. Notes on Indo-Pacific Scleractinian Corals. Part 9. New Corals from the Galapagos Islands. Pacific Science 36(2):211-219 [216] pdf.

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Tubastraea faulkneri: Brief Summary ( French )

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Tubastraea faulkneri est une espèce de coraux appartenant à la famille des Dendrophylliidae.

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Tubastraea faulkneri ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Tubastraea faulkneri is een rifkoralensoort uit de familie van de Dendrophylliidae.[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1982 door Wells.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. Cairns, S. (2013). Tubastraea faulkneri Wells, 1982. Geraadpleegd via: World Register of Marine Species op http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=291253
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福克納管星珊瑚 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Tubastraea faulkneri
Wells, 1982

福克納管星珊瑚学名Tubastraea faulkneri)为樹珊瑚科管星珊瑚屬下的一个种。

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福克納管星珊瑚: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

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福克納管星珊瑚(学名:Tubastraea faulkneri)为樹珊瑚科管星珊瑚屬下的一个种。

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Biology

provided by World Register of Marine Species
azooxanthellate

Reference

van der Land, J. (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO).

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Jacob van der Land [email]

Depth range

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3-5 m
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Stephen Cairns [email]