Sarsiella pugnax Kornicker 1996

Sarsiella pugnax

ETYMOLOGY.—From the Latin pugnax (combative, contentious).

HOLOTYPE.—Ovigerous female on 2 slides and in alcohol, AM P45369.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Darwin, Australia, sta JLB Darwin 304, East Point, 22 Aug 1982, intertidal washings of algae and substrate.

PARATYPES.—None.

DISTRIBUTION.—Collected only at type locality.

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT FEMALE (Figures 25–27).—Carapace similar in shape to that of S. varix, except for slightly shorter and stouter caudal process (Figure 25).

Ornamentation (Figures 25, 26a–c): Similar to that of S. varix, except posterior end of lower lateral ridge intersects concentric ridge at about valve length (Figure 25). Dense covering of small pointed bristles covered by gel-like coating.

Infold: Anterior infold with small bristle near midheight (Figure 26a). Infold of caudal process with 5–10 bristles (right valve with proximal row of 8 bristles and 2 distal bristles (Figure 26b); left valve with proximal row of 3 bristles and 2 distal bristles (Figure 26c)). Posterior infold with 2 setal bristles just dorsal to caudal process. Inner margin of infold with 5 or 6 minute bristles in vicinity of caudal process and setal bristles.

Carapace Size (length (L), height (H), in mm): AM P45369 (holotype), L = 1.36, H = 1.14 (including caudal process).

First Antenna (Figure 26d): 1st joint bare. 2nd joint with dorsal spines and 1 dorsal bristle. 3rd joint fused to 4th; 3rd joint with 2 bristles (1 ventral, 1 dorsal); 4th joint with 4 bristles (3 ventral, 1 dorsal). 5th joint fused to 6th; sensory bristle of 5th joint (only proximal part shown) with 1 minute proximal filament, 1 filament near midlength (spine-like), 1 subterminal filament (spine-like), and 1 terminal papilla; 6th joint with short bare medial bristle near dorsal margin. 7th joint: a-bristle about 5 times length of bristle of 6th joint, bare; b-bristle longer than a-bristle, with broad base (tip missing on illustrated limb); c-bristle not shown, about same length as sensory bristle of 5th joint, with 1 minute proximal filament, 1 minute distal filament (spine-like), and terminal papilla. 8th joint (bristles not shown): d- and e-bristles slightly shorter than c-bristle, bare with blunt tips; f-bristle slightly shorter than e-bristle, with minute proximal filament and terminal papilla; g-bristle about same length as c-bristle, with 2 minute proximal filaments, 1 minute subterminal filament (spine-like), and terminal papilla.

Second Antenna: Protopodite bare. Endopodite 1-jointed with 2 small proximal anterior bristles (Figure 26e). Exopodite: 1st joint with small terminal slightly curved tubular medial bristle; bristles of joints 2–8 with natatory hairs, no spines; 9th joint with 2 bristles (1 short dorsal, 1 long ventral) with natatory hairs; joints 2–7 with row of spines along distal edges.

Mandible (Figure 26f): Coxale endite represented by medial spine (with 1 marginal spine) near ventral margin; ventral margin of coxale with numerous slender spines. Basale: ventral margin with 6 bristles (2 unringed lateral; 3 ringed and 1 unringed medial); dorsal margin with 2 small spine-like subterminal bristles. Exopodite minute (dashed in illustrated limb). 1st endopodial joint with stout ventral claw with narrow diaphanous flange (not shown) along proximal of dorsal edge and with indistinct minute spines along proximal of dorsal margin; numerous spines on medial surface of joint, and few terminal spines on dorsal margin; 2nd endopodial joint with stout ventral claw with narrow diaphanous flange (not shown) along proximal of both margins; dorsal margin of joint with small terminal spine-like bristle; 3rd endopodial joint with stout terminal claw and 2 or 3 minute spine-like bristles (1 or 2 ventral, 1 dorsal).

Maxilla (Figure 26g): Endite I with about 5 bristles; endite II with about 4 bristles; endite III with 6 bristles. Precoxale and coxale with dorsal fringe of long hairs; coxale with short spinous dorsal bristle. Basale with short lateral bristle near exopodite and with diaphanous lateral flap with base in vicinity of endites. Exopodite with 2 unequal bristles. 1st endopodial joint with distal anterior spines and pectinate alpha- and beta-bristles. 2nd endopodial joint with 2 a-bristles, 1 shorter c-bristle, and 5 pectinate terminal bristles (middle bristle shorter, anterior bristle ringed distally).

Fifth Limb (Figure 26h): Single endite with 1 short bristle. Exopodite: 1st joint with 2 bristles; joints 2–5 partly fused (interpretation: 2nd joint with 2 bristles; 3rd joint with long bristle on inner lobe and short unringed bristle on outer lobe; fused 4th and 5th joints forming small mound, with 3 bristles (2 long, 1 short)).

Sixth Limb (Figure 26i): Single endite with 2 small medial bristles and 1 longer terminal bristle. End joint with 10 or 11 spinous anterior bristles separated by space from 2 stout plumose posterior bristles (2 of the anterior bristles (with bases on lateral edge) with bare unringed spear-like tips). Medial surface with long hairs; lateral surface with long hairs near posterior edge.

Seventh Limb: Proximal group with 2 bristles, 1 on each side, each with 5 or 6 bells; terminal group with 6 bristles, 3 on each side, each with 2–6 bells; all bristles without marginal spines. Terminal segment without teeth (Figure 27a).

Furca (Figure 27b): Left lamella with 5 claws; right lamella with 6 (aberrant); claw 1 nonarticulated; claws 1–3 with long and short teeth along posterior edge; right lamella proximal to claw 1 with medial row of long spines; anterior edge of lamella and edge following last claw with few minute spines; left lamella of illustrated limb with long slender spine-like “filaments” on inner edge of lamella following last claw (Figure 27b) (possibly foreign).

Bellonci Organ (Figure 27c,d): Elongate with about 7 proximal segments and broader distal part with rounded tip.

Eyes: Lateral eye small with 4 amber-colored ommatidia and without brown pigment between ommatidia (possibly pigment faded during storage) (Figure 27c). Medial eye about same size as lateral eye, with unusual bifurcate process at dorsal end, without brown pigment (Figure 27c,d).

Upper Lip (Figure 27g): Simple.

Genitalia (Figure 27f): Brown oval on each side of body anterior to furca.

Posterior of Body (Figure 27e): Evenly rounded, bare.

Y-Sclerite (Figure 27e): Typical for subfamily.

Number of Eggs: AM P45369 (holotype) with 11 eggs; length of 1 egg 0.27 mm.

COMPARISON.—The distribution of ribs on the carapace differentiates this species from those previously described. The caudal process of S. pugnax is shorter than that of S. varix. The medial eye of S. pugnax is unusual in having a small bifurcate process at the dorsal end.

Eusarsiella Cohen and Kornicker, 1975

TYPE SPECIES.—Sarsiella tumida Scott, 1905, by subsequent designation in Cohen and Kornicker (1975, table 1).

COMPOSITION.—This genus includes about 67 species.

DISTRIBUTION.—Cosmopolitan between the latitudes of about 63°N and 37°S. Known depth range is intertidal to 1120 m (Kornicker, 1994:129)