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Pleurobranchidae

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Close-up on the lateral gill of a pleurobranch sea slug (Berthella martensi)

The Pleurobranchidae are a taxonomic family of sea slugs, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Pleurobranchomorpha.

Characteristics

Species in the family Pleurobranchidae have a prominent mantle and an internal shell that becomes reduced or is lost completely in adults.[3] Some adult species have been seen feeding on ascidians. Larval pleurobranchids can be planktotrophic (feeding on plankton), lecithotrophic (deriving nutrition from yolk), or direct developing.

Like all Pleurobranchomorpha, they breathe through an external gill, located on the right side (contrary to nudibranchs who have it on the back), just after the genital organ.

Many species produce secretions from their rich glandular mantle as a chemical defense against predators.[4] Even the production of sulfuric acid has been reported.[5]

Taxonomy

Until 2005, this family was placed in the suborder Notaspidea. However, in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the family Pleurobranchidae was placed in the superfamily Pleurobranchoidea, the only family belonging to the subclade Pleurobranchomorpha (sister to the subclade Nudibranchia), part of the clade Nudipleura.

Subfamily Pleurobranchinae

References

  1. ^ Encyclopaedia metropolitana, Volume 7, Plates to Zoology; plate Mollusca III (plate 4)
  2. ^ Bouchet, P. (2011). Pleurobranchidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2011-06-30
  3. ^ R. Willan (1987). "Phylogenetic systematics of the Notaspidea (Opisthobranchia) with a reappraisal of families and genera". Am. Malacol. Bull. 5: 215–241.
  4. ^ Aldo Spinella; Ernesto Mollo; Enrico Trivellone; Guido Cimino (December 1997). "Testudinariol A and B, two unusual triterpenoids from the skin and the mucus of the marine mollusc Pleurobranchus testudinarius". Tetrahedron. 53 (49): 16891–16896. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(97)10124-7.
  5. ^ T. Thompson (1988). "Acidic allomones in marine organisms". J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 68 (3): 499–517. doi:10.1017/S0025315400043368.
  6. ^ Francisco José García; José Carlos García-Gómez; Jesús S. Troncoso; Juan Lucas Cervera (May 1994). "A descriptive study of some Antarctic notaspidean opisthobranchs (Gastropoda), with description of a new genus and species". Polar Biology. 14 (4): 261–268. doi:10.1007/bf00239174. S2CID 30362849.
  7. ^ Cervera et al. (2000). A new species of Berthella Blainville, 1824 (Opisthobranchia: Notaspidea) from the Canary Islands (Eastern Atlantic Ocean), with a re-examination of the phylogenetic relationships of the Notaspidea. J.Moll. Stud., 66: 3001-311.
  8. ^ Michael Schrödl (1999). "The genus Berthella Blainville, 1825 (Notaspidea, : Pleurobranchidae) from Magellanic waters". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 65 (4): 399–409. doi:10.1093/mollus/65.4.399.
  9. ^ Marcus, Ev. 1984. The Western Atlantic warm water Notaspidea (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia), Parte 2 Boletim de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo 8 p. 43-76.
  10. ^ Mörch, 1863. Contributions à la faune malacologique des Antilles danoises Journal de Conchyliologie 11 21-43.

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Pleurobranchidae: Brief Summary

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Pleurobranchaea meckelii Close-up on the lateral gill of a pleurobranch sea slug (Berthella martensi)

The Pleurobranchidae are a taxonomic family of sea slugs, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Pleurobranchomorpha.

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Pleurobranchidae ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Pleurobranchidae is una familia de molluscos de la clase Gastropoda.

Géneros

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Pleurobranchidae: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Pleurobranchidae is una familia de molluscos de la clase Gastropoda.

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Pleurobranchidae ( French )

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Les Pleurobranchidae forment une famille de mollusques opisthobranches de l'ordre des Pleurobranchomorpha.

Liste des genres

Selon World Register of Marine Species, prenant pour base la taxinomie de Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), on compte sept genres[1] :

Annexes

Références taxinomiques

Notes et références

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Pleurobranchidae: Brief Summary ( French )

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Les Pleurobranchidae forment une famille de mollusques opisthobranches de l'ordre des Pleurobranchomorpha.

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Pleurobranchidae ( Italian )

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Pleurobranchidae Gray, 1827 è una famiglia di molluschi gasteropodi della superfamiglia Pleurobranchoidea.[1][2]

Tassonomia

La famiglia comprende i seguenti generi:[2]

I generi Euselenops, Pleurobranchaea e Pleurobranchella, in passato inclusi in questa famiglia[3], sono stati segregati in una famiglia a sé stante (Pleurobranchaeidae)[4].

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Bouchet F., Rocroi J.-P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. and Strong E.E., Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families, in Malacologia, 61(1-2), 2017, pp. 1-526, DOI:10.4002/040.061.0201.
  2. ^ a b (EN) MolluscaBase eds. 2020, Pleurobranchidae Gray, 1827, in WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species). URL consultato il 14/10/2020.
  3. ^ (EN) Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P., Classification and Nomenclator of Gastropod Families, in Malacologia, vol. 47, n. 1-2, 2005, pp. 1-397.
  4. ^ (EN) MolluscaBase eds. 2020, Pleurobranchaeidae Pilsbry, 1896, in WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species). URL consultato il 14/10/2020.

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Pleurobranchidae: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Pleurobranchidae Gray, 1827 è una famiglia di molluschi gasteropodi della superfamiglia Pleurobranchoidea.

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Pleurobranchidae ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Pleurobranchidae is een familie van weekdieren uit de klasse van de Gastropoda (slakken).

Geslachten

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Pleurobranchidae: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Pleurobranchidae is een familie van weekdieren uit de klasse van de Gastropoda (slakken).

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侧鳃科 ( Chinese )

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侧鳃科(學名:Pleurobranchidae),亦作側鰓海牛科,是分類學海蛞蝓的一個海洋腹足綱軟體動物側鰓類支序的成員。過往是背楯目之下的一個科[3],現時是裸側類支序的成員。 Species in the family Pleurobranchidae have a prominent mantle and an internal shell that becomes reduced or is lost completely in adults.[4] Some adult species have been seen feeding on ascidians. Larval pleurobranchids can be planktotrophic (feeding on plankton), lecithotrophic (deriving nutrition from yolk), or direct developing.

Many species produce secretions from their rich glandular mantle as a chemical defense against predators.[5] Even the production of sulfuric acid has been reported.[6]

分類

Until 2005, this family was placed in the suborder Notaspidea. However, in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the family Pleurobranchidae was placed in the superfamily Pleurobranchoidea, the only family belonging to the subclade Pleurobranchomorpha (sister to the subclade Nudibranchia), part of the clade Nudipleura.

以下為本科之下的屬和物種[3][7]

Subfamily Pleurobranchinae

無殼側鰓亞科

無殼側鰓亞科Pleurobranchaeinae)現時被提升為無殼側鰓科Pleurobranchaeidae Pilsbry, 1896)。

參考資料

  1. ^ Encyclopaedia metropolitana, Volume 7, Plates to Zoology; plate Mollusca III (plate 4)
  2. ^ Bouchet, P. (2011). Pleurobranchidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2011-06-30
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Notaspidea 背楯目. TaiBIF. [2018-03-20] (中文(繁體)‎).
  4. ^ R. Willan. Phylogenetic systematics of the Notaspidea (Opisthobranchia) with a reappraisal of families and genera. Am. Malacol. Bull. 1987, 5: 215–241.
  5. ^ Aldo Spinella; Ernesto Mollo; Enrico Trivellone; Guido Cimino. Testudinariol A and B, two unusual triterpenoids from the skin and the mucus of the marine mollusc Pleurobranchus testudinarius. Tetrahedron. December 1997, 53 (49): 16891–16896. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(97)10124-7.
  6. ^ T. Thompson. Acidic allomones in marine organisms. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK. 1988, 68 (3): 499–517. doi:10.1017/S0025315400043368.
  7. ^ WoRMS. ?. World Register of Marine Species. [2018-03-20].
  8. ^ Cuvier G. (1817). Le Règne Animal. volume 2 (Gasteropodes): page 396; volume 4 (Plates): plate 11, figure 2.
  9. ^ Francisco José García; José Carlos García-Gómez; Jesús S. Troncoso; Juan Lucas Cervera. A descriptive study of some Antarctic notaspidean opisthobranchs (Gastropoda), with description of a new genus and species. Polar Biology. May 1994, 14 (4): 261–268. doi:10.1007/bf00239174.
  10. ^ Cervera et al. (2000). A new species of Berthella Blainville, 1824 (Opisthobranchia: Notaspidea) from the Canary Islands (Eastern Atlantic Ocean), with a re-examination of the phylogenetic relationships of the Notaspidea. J.Moll. Stud., 66: 3001-311.
  11. ^ Michael Schrödl. The genus Berthella Blainville, 1825 (Notaspidea, : Pleurobranchidae) from Magellanic waters. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 1999, 65 (4): 399–409. doi:10.1093/mollus/65.4.399.
  12. ^ Marcus, Ev. 1984. The Western Atlantic warm water Notaspidea (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia), Parte 2 Boletim de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo 8 p. 43-76.
  13. ^ Mörch, 1863. Contributions à la faune malacologique des Antilles danoises Journal de Conchyliologie 11 21-43.
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侧鳃科: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
 src= Pleurobranchaea meckelii

侧鳃科(學名:Pleurobranchidae),亦作側鰓海牛科,是分類學海蛞蝓的一個海洋腹足綱軟體動物側鰓類支序的成員。過往是背楯目之下的一個科,現時是裸側類支序的成員。 Species in the family Pleurobranchidae have a prominent mantle and an internal shell that becomes reduced or is lost completely in adults. Some adult species have been seen feeding on ascidians. Larval pleurobranchids can be planktotrophic (feeding on plankton), lecithotrophic (deriving nutrition from yolk), or direct developing.

Many species produce secretions from their rich glandular mantle as a chemical defense against predators. Even the production of sulfuric acid has been reported.

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copyright
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군소붙이과 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

 src=
Pleurobranchaea meckelii

군소붙이과(Pleurobranchidae)는 바다 민달팽이 과의 하나이다. 해양 복족류 연체동물이다.

군소붙이과의 종들은 눈에 띠는 외투막, 그리고 성체가 되면 줄어들거나 사라지는 내부의 껍질을 지니고 있다.[4] 일부 다 자란 종들은 해초류를 먹이로 취한다. 유생 단계의 군소붙이류는 플랑크톤을 먹이로 하지만, 난황영향형(lecithotrophic, 난황(yolk)으로부터 영양을 공급받는) 유생 과정 또는 간접 발달 과정을 거치며, 많은 종들이 외부의 약탈자로부터 자신을 지키기 위한 화학 물질로써, 살진 분비선 외투막을 통해 분비액을 분비한다.[5] 심지어 일부 종은 황산을 분비한다고 보고되고 있다.[6]

분류

최근까지 군소붙이과를 배순아목(Notaspidea)으로 분류했다. 그러나 2005년 부쉐와 로크루아의 복족류 분류는 군소붙이과를 나측류의 일부이며, 나새류의 자매군인 군소붙이류(Pleurobranchomorpha)에 속하는 유일한 상과인 군소붙이상과(Pleurobranchoidea)로 분류했다.

  • 군소붙이상과(Pleurobranchoidea)
    • 군소붙이과(Pleurobranchidae)
      • Pleurobranchinae Gray, 1827
        • Bathyberthella
        • Berthella de Blainville, 1824
        • Berthellina Gardiner, 1936
        • Bouvieria Vayssière, 1896
        • Euselenops Pilsbry, 1896
        • Gigantonotum
        • Gymnotoplax Pilsbry, 1896
        • Oscanius Leach, 1847
        • Parabathyberthella
        • Pleuredhera
        • Pleurobranchella
        • Pleurobranchus Cuvier, 1805
        • Polictenidia
        • Susania
        • Tomthompsonia
      • Pleurobranchaeinae
        • Pleurobranchaea

각주

  1. Menke, C.T. (1828). 《Synopsis methodica molluscorum generum omnium et specierum earum quae in museo Menkeano adservantur》. Pyrmonti: Uslar. 91쪽.
  2. Encyclopaedia metropolitana, Volume 7, Plates to Zoology; plate Mollusca III (plate 4)
  3. Bouchet, P. (2011). Pleurobranchidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1755 on 2011-06-30
  4. R. Willan (1987). “Phylogenetic systematics of the Notaspidea (Opisthobranchia) with a reappraisal of families and genera”. 《AM; Malacol. Bull.》 5: 215–241.
  5. Aldo Spinella, Ernesto Mollo, Enrico Trivellone and Guido Cimino (December 1997). “Testudinariol A and B, two unusual triterpenoids from the skin and the mucus of the marine mollusc Pleurobranchus testudinarius”. 《Tetrahedron》 53 (49): 16891–16896. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(97)10124-7. 2019년 3월 13일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2012년 2월 29일에 확인함.
  6. T. Thompson (1988). “Acidic allomones in marine organisms”. 《J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK》 68 (3): 499–517. doi:10.1017/S0025315400043368.
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군소붙이과: Brief Summary ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과
 src= Pleurobranchaea meckelii

군소붙이과(Pleurobranchidae)는 바다 민달팽이 과의 하나이다. 해양 복족류 연체동물이다.

군소붙이과의 종들은 눈에 띠는 외투막, 그리고 성체가 되면 줄어들거나 사라지는 내부의 껍질을 지니고 있다. 일부 다 자란 종들은 해초류를 먹이로 취한다. 유생 단계의 군소붙이류는 플랑크톤을 먹이로 하지만, 난황영향형(lecithotrophic, 난황(yolk)으로부터 영양을 공급받는) 유생 과정 또는 간접 발달 과정을 거치며, 많은 종들이 외부의 약탈자로부터 자신을 지키기 위한 화학 물질로써, 살진 분비선 외투막을 통해 분비액을 분비한다. 심지어 일부 종은 황산을 분비한다고 보고되고 있다.

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Wikipedia 작가 및 편집자