Benefits
provided by FAO species catalogs
Caught mainly with longlines at night. Captured and cultured for fishery in Japan. The total catch reported for this species to FAO for 1999 was 253 363 t. The countries with the largest catches were China (234 314 t) and Taiwan Province of China (9 001 t). Marketed mainly fresh. Also used as bait for shark fishing. Also caught by (dol) bag nets.
Brief Summary
provided by FAO species catalogs
Benthic, over soft bottoms down to about 100 m, also in estuaries, in warm seas. Sometimes enters freshwater environment.Feeds on small bottom fishes and crustaceans. Spawning in August-September in Japan.
Size
provided by FAO species catalogs
To about 200 cm; common about 150 cm.
Distribution
provided by FAO species catalogs
Elsewhere, known from the Red Sea and throughout the northern Indian Ocean; coast of India, Burma and Malaysia northward to Hong Kong and northwards to Japan. A record on the Mediterranean Sea; immigrant from the Red Sea (Golani & Ben-Tuvia, 1986) in the coast of Israel (Tel Aviv-Jaffa).
Diagnostic Description
provided by FAO species catalogs
Body elongate, scaleless, compressed posteriorly; prominent conical snout; eye large, inter-orbital space about 8.2 in head; anterior nostril tubular, posterior nostril a simple opening nearer to eye than to anterior nostril. Mouth large, rictus well behind eye; in lower jaw a middle row of prominent, sharp, tricuspid, erect teeth; median vomerine teeth sharply triangular in lateral view, compressed, with anterior and posterior basal cusp and the bases often in contact. Gill openings large, latero-ventral. Vertical fins continuous with caudal fin; dorsal fin origin over pectoral fin base or slightly before; dorsal finrays before a vertical through anus 66-78. Lateral line pores before anus 40-47. Vertebrae 145-159.
- Asano, H. - 1984 Muraenesocidae. In: H. Masuda; K. Amaoka; C. Araga; T. Uyeno; T. Yoshino (eds.). The Fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai. Univ. Press. 29.
- Bauchot, M.-L. & L. Saldanha. - 1986 Muraenesocidae. In: P.J.P. Whitehead et al., (eds.). Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean (FNAM). Unesco, Paris, vol. II: 559-561. Catalog On Line. Fishbase: ICLARM .
- Golani, D. & A. Ben-Tuvia. - 1986New records of fishes from the Mediterranean coast of Israel including Red Sea immigrants. Cybium, 3: 285-291.
- Nielsen, J. - 1974 Muraenesocidae. In: W. Fischer & P.J.P. Whitehead.FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (fishing area 57) and Western Central Pacific (fishing area 71). Vol. I, Rome FAO, pag var.
Morphology
provided by Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Vertebrae: 145 - 159
- Recorder
- Crispina B. Binohlan
Trophic Strategy
provided by Fishbase
Found in sandy or muddy places (Ref. 9137); also inhabits coral reefs (Ref. 58534). A carnivore that feeds on fish and crabs (Ref. 9137).
Migration
provided by Fishbase
Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
Diseases and Parasites
provided by Fishbase
Hysterothylacium Infection (Hysterothylacium sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
Diseases and Parasites
provided by Fishbase
Anisakis Disease (juvenile). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
Diagnostic Description
provided by Fishbase
Snout long; eye diameter 2-2.5 times in snout length; posterior nostrils much closer to eyes than to anterior nostrils; mouth very large; teeth generally large and conspicuous (Ref. 4832). Head broader, interorbital about 8 times in head; lateral-line pores before anus 44-47; dorsal-fin rays before anus 66-78; vertebrae 145-159 (Ref. 9830).
- Recorder
- Crispina B. Binohlan
Biology
provided by Fishbase
Occurs from the littoral zone to the upper bathy-benthic region (Ref. 9942, 11230). Inhabits soft bottoms (Ref. 11230), also found in estuaries. Sometimes enters freshwater environment (Ref. 9987). Feeds on small bottom fishes and crustaceans. Captured and cultured for fishery in Japan. Marketed mainly fresh (Ref. 7238). Also used as bait for shark fishing (Ref. 2872). Also caught by bag (dol) nets. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Importance
provided by Fishbase
fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: occasionally; price category: very high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species
分布
provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
分布於印度-西太平洋區，由紅海、波斯灣、印度西岸及斯里蘭卡至斐濟及吐瓦魯、北至日本與韓國、南至阿拉弗拉海
及澳洲北部等。臺灣各砂泥底質海域皆有分佈。
利用
provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
主要以底拖網或延繩釣捕獲，也有利用待袋網於河口區撈捕。生鮮販售，但一般多被加工成鰻魚羹或製成罐頭、魚乾或魚丸等販賣，魚肝則拿來提煉魚肝油。
描述
provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
體延長，軀幹部近圓筒狀，尾部側扁。頭大，錐狀。吻尖長。體長為體高之17.8倍，頭長的6.5倍；尾長為頭與軀幹之1.4倍；頭長為吻長之3.3倍；吻長為眼徑之3.1倍；頭長為眶間區之8.2-8.7倍；肛門前之側線孔40-47。頭大，錐狀。吻尖長。眼大，長橢圓形。口大、稍斜裂，口裂伸達眼後方，上頜突出。兩頜齒均為3列，中列最大，前上頜骨前部具4-5個大犬齒；下頜骨齒外列不向外突出，前部具2個大犬齒；鋤骨齒3列，中列最大，且前後的最大齒皆具尖頭。肛門位於體中部前方。體無鱗。背鰭、臀鰭與尾鰭均發達，並相連。背鰭起點在胸鰭基部稍前上方，肛門上方之前的背鰭鰭條數為66-78。胸鰭發達、尖長。體背及兩側銀灰色，大型個體暗褐色，腹部乳白色。背鰭、臀鰭和尾鰭邊緣黑色，胸鰭淡褐色。
棲地
provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
為暖水性近底層魚類，集群性較低，棲息於水深10-740公尺軟質的海區，一般多生活在50-80公尺間；也被發現於河口區，有時也會進入淡水環境的水域。性凶猛，肉食性，以底棲的蝦、蟹及小魚為食物。晝伏夜出，當發現獵物，先以尖銳的牙齒瞬間咬住對方的頭部，再大幅扭動腰身亂甩，將獵物甩昏，接著將獵物吞下肚中。海鰻產卵期約在4-8月，地點則不是很清楚，成熟的海鰻雌魚個體會比雄的大。
Daggertooth pike conger
provided by wikipedia EN
The daggertooth pike conger (Muraenesox cinereus) also known as the darkfin pike eel in Australia, to distinguish it from the related pike-eel (Muraenesox bagio),[3] is a species of eel in the pike conger family, Muraenesocidae.[4] They primarily live on soft bottoms in marine and brackish waters down to a depth of 800 m (2,600 ft), but may enter freshwater.[4] They commonly grow to about 1.5 m (4.9 ft) in length,[5] but may grow as long as 2.2 m (7.2 ft).[4] Daggertooth pike congers occur in the Red Sea, on the coast of the northern Indian Ocean, and in the West Pacific from Indochina to Japan. A single specimen was also reported in the Mediterranean Sea off Israel in 1982.[6]
Culinary uses
Muraenesox cinereus in aquarium
Daggertooth pike conger is a major commercial species, with annual catches reaching about 350,000 tonnes in recent years. The spot reporting the largest landings was Taiwan.[5] It is eaten in Japanese cuisine, where it is known as hamo (ハモ, 鱧).[7] In the Kansai Region, hamo no kawa (pickled conger skins) is a traditional delicacy, and pike conger is a common ingredient in some types of kamaboko (fish cake).[8][9]
Parasites
As with other fish, the daggertooth pike conger harbours several species of parasites.
A species of trichosomoidid nematode which parasitizes the muscles of the fish off Japan has been described in 2014 and named Huffmanela hamo, in reference to the Japanese name of the fish.[10] Accumulations of eggs of the parasite are visible as 1–2mm black spots in the flesh of the fish. The parasite is rare and the consumption of infected fish meat has no consequences for humans.
Gallery
Specimen seen at Nagasaki Penguin Aquarium
References
-
^ McCosker, J., Smith, D.G., Tighe, K., Torres, A.G. & Leander, N.J.S. (2022). "Muraenesox cinereus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T199344A2585390. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T199344A2585390.en. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)|date= / |doi= mismatch -
^ "Muraenesox cinereus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
-
^ Bray, Dianne J. "Muraenesox cinereus". Fishes of Australia. Retrieved 4 Sep 2022.
-
^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2012). "Muraenesox cinereus" in FishBase. September 2012 version.
-
^ a b "Muraenesox cinereus (Forsskal, 1775)". Species Fact Sheets. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. 2012.
-
^ Atlas of Exotic Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea (Muraenesox cinereus). 2nd Edition. 2021. 366p. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco.https://ciesm.org/atlas/fishes_2nd_edition/Muraenesox_cinereus.pdf
-
^ Davidson, Alan (2003). Seafood of South-East Asia: a comprehensive guide with recipes. Ten Speed Press. p. 34. ISBN 1-58008-452-4.
-
^ "かまぼこ製品図鑑 [Kamaboko Products]". 日本かまぼこ協会 [Japan Kamaboko Association]. Archived from the original on 2020-02-27. Retrieved 25 March 2021.
-
^ "かまぼこの種類と歴史 [History and Types of Kamaboko]". 上野屋蒲鉾店 [Uenoya Kamaboko]. Archived from the original on 2007-01-10. Retrieved 25 March 2021.
-
^ Justine, J.-L. & Iwaki, T. 2014: Huffmanela hamo sp. n. (Nematoda: Trichosomoididae: Huffmanelinae) from the dagger-tooth pike conger Muraenesox cinereus off Japan. Folia Parasitologica, 61, 267–271 doi:10.14411/fp.2014.029 Free PDF
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- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
Daggertooth pike conger: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
The daggertooth pike conger (Muraenesox cinereus) also known as the darkfin pike eel in Australia, to distinguish it from the related pike-eel (Muraenesox bagio), is a species of eel in the pike conger family, Muraenesocidae. They primarily live on soft bottoms in marine and brackish waters down to a depth of 800 m (2,600 ft), but may enter freshwater. They commonly grow to about 1.5 m (4.9 ft) in length, but may grow as long as 2.2 m (7.2 ft). Daggertooth pike congers occur in the Red Sea, on the coast of the northern Indian Ocean, and in the West Pacific from Indochina to Japan. A single specimen was also reported in the Mediterranean Sea off Israel in 1982.
- license
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
_-_Kawahara_Keiga_-_1823_-_1829_-_Siebold_Collection_-_pencil_drawing_-_water_colour.jpeg)
