Biology
provided by Arkive
Unusually, it is the male, and not the female, that becomes pregnant in seahorses (6). The breeding season of this species is June to July and there are reports that broods contain 'several hundred' young, although this may refer to H. sindonis, a similar species that has only recently been distinguished as a separate species (1) (2). Young look like miniature adult seahorses, are independent from birth, and receive no further parental care (6).
Conservation
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All seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) are listed on Appendix II of CITES, effective as of May 2004, limiting and regulating their international trade (2). With such limited data available on this fascinating animal, there is an urgent need for further research to be conducted on its biology, ecology, habitat, abundance and distribution, before its status can be properly assessed and conservation measures implemented accordingly (1).
Description
provided by Arkive
This Japanese seahorse earns its common name for the tall, backward-curving crown on top of its head, which is coupled with rather unusual, irregular spines projecting out of the body (4). The skin is yellowish, marbled with dark brown, and black along the back. Like other seahorses, the head is held at right angles to the body, the eyes can move independently of each other, and the tail is prehensile. Instead of having scales, as most other fish do, seahorses have a layer of skin stretched over bony plates that are visible as rings passing around the trunk. Swimming is powered by the rapidly oscillating dorsal fin, and they steer using the fins on either side of the body (the pectoral fins) (2).
Habitat
provided by Arkive
Found among Sargassum close to shore (2) (5).
Range
provided by Arkive
Endemic to Japanese waters in the northwest Pacific (5).
Status
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Classified as Data Deficient (DD) on the IUCN Red List 2006 (1), and listed on Appendix II of CITES (3).
Threats
provided by Arkive
Very little is known about the total number of crowned seahorses, its population trends, or major threats. It has therefore been classified as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List 2006. Trade surveys conducted by Project Seahorse between 2000 and 2001 indicate that trade in this species is relatively small. Furthermore, the crowned seahorse is not targeted by any fishery in Japanese waters, although it may be caught incidentally as bycatch (1).
Diagnostic Description
provided by Fishbase
Description: (based on 7 specimens): Adult height: 6.0-10.5cm. Rings: 10 + 39 (38-40). Snout length: 2.4 (2.3-2.5) in head length. Dorsal fin rays: 14 covering 2+0 rings. Pectoral fin rays: 12. Coronet: extremely tall, its tip fluted and turned backwards. Spines: very irregular; most body angles without spines, but where spines are present they are often long, thin and blunt-tipped Other distinctive characters: very short dorsal fin base, bordered by extremely expanded âwing-likeâ projecting flattened spines; prominent eye spine. Color pattern: yellowish, marbled with dark brown; black dorsal surface.
Life Cycle
provided by Fishbase
Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref. 205).
Morphology
provided by Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14
Trophic Strategy
provided by Fishbase
Inhabits Saragassum belts near shore (Ref. 30915). A carnivore that feeds on crabs and fish larvae (Ref. 9137).
- Recorder
- Drina Sta. Iglesia
Biology
provided by Fishbase
Inhabits Sargassum belts near shore. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Length type OT refers to height (= TL - head length). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205).
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Crowned seahorse
provided by wikipedia EN
Hippocampus coronatus, commonly known as the high-crowned seahorse or crowned seahorse,[3] is a species of fish of the family Syngnathidae. It is endemic to the Pacific coastal waters of Japan (found in shallow coastal waters from Tokyo bay and Sagami bay), where it lives among Zostera seagrasses.[1][4][5] It can grow to lengths of 10.8 centimetres (4.3 in), but is more commonly 6 centimetres (2.4 in).[4] Individuals feed mainly on small crustaceans such as gammarid amphipods and copepods, although this can vary by size, with smaller individuals consuming copepods while larger individuals feed on amphipods and mysids.[1] This species is ovoviviparous, with males brooding eggs in a brood pouch before giving birth to live young. Breeding season occurs from June to November, with females and males reaching sexual maturity at 6.9 centimetres (2.7 in) and 7.3 centimetres (2.9 in) respectively. Male brood size ranges from 12–46.[1] The International trade in this species has been monitored through Appendix II of the CITES licensing system since 2004 and a minimum size of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) applies to traded specimens.[6]
Juvenile crowned seahorse
Close-up of the head of crowned seahorse
A dried crowned seahorse specimen
Crowned seahorse skeleton
References
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^ a b c d Zhang, X.; Pollom, R. (2016). "Hippocampus coronatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T10065A54904583. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T10065A54904583.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
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^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
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^ Scales, Helen (2009). Poseidon's Steed: The Story of Seahorses, From Myth to Reality. Penguin Publishing Group. p. 136. ISBN 978-1-101-13376-7. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
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^ a b Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall, 1999. Seahorses: an identification guide to the world's species and their conservation. Project Seahorse, London. p.214
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^ Han, Sang-Yun; Kim, Jin-Koo; Kai, Yoshiaki; Senou, Hiroshi (2017-10-30). "Seahorses of the Hippocampus coronatus complex: taxonomic revision, and description of Hippocampus haema, a new species from Korea and Japan (Teleostei, Syngnathidae)". ZooKeys (712): 113–139. doi:10.3897/zookeys.712.14955. PMC 5704180. PMID 29187790.
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^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2018). "Hippocampus coronatus" in FishBase. February 2018 version.
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Crowned seahorse: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Hippocampus coronatus, commonly known as the high-crowned seahorse or crowned seahorse, is a species of fish of the family Syngnathidae. It is endemic to the Pacific coastal waters of Japan (found in shallow coastal waters from Tokyo bay and Sagami bay), where it lives among Zostera seagrasses. It can grow to lengths of 10.8 centimetres (4.3 in), but is more commonly 6 centimetres (2.4 in). Individuals feed mainly on small crustaceans such as gammarid amphipods and copepods, although this can vary by size, with smaller individuals consuming copepods while larger individuals feed on amphipods and mysids. This species is ovoviviparous, with males brooding eggs in a brood pouch before giving birth to live young. Breeding season occurs from June to November, with females and males reaching sexual maturity at 6.9 centimetres (2.7 in) and 7.3 centimetres (2.9 in) respectively. Male brood size ranges from 12–46. The International trade in this species has been monitored through Appendix II of the CITES licensing system since 2004 and a minimum size of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) applies to traded specimens.
Juvenile crowned seahorse
Close-up of the head of crowned seahorse
A dried crowned seahorse specimen
Crowned seahorse skeleton
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- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
