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Trophic Strategy

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Found inshore (Ref. 75154). Euryhaline species. Feeds mainly on crustaceans and fish. Ambush predator. Dwells in benthic sandy or muddy substrates (Ref. 127989).
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Recorder
Pascualita Sa-a
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 9 - 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 13
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Crispina B. Binohlan
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Migration

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Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
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Rainer Froese
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Life Cycle

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Also Ref. 103751.
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Diseases and Parasites

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Procamallanus Infection 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
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Diseases and Parasites

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Procerovum Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
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Diagnostic Description

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Brownish or grayish above, whitish below; caudal fin 2-3 horizontal black stripes (Ref. 4315). Head strongly depressed. Preopercular spines 2, lower usually longest. Vomerine teeth in a single transverse band. Dorsal fin I,VII,I, I,I,VII,I or I,VIII, 13. Anteriormost lateral line scale usually with a small spine or ridge. Diagonal scale rows slanting backward above lateral line 83-107. Iris lappet a single elongated lobe. Identified by the distinctive color pattern on the caudal fin: centrally yellow and black stripes on upper and lower margins (Ref. 48635).
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Crispina B. Binohlan
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Biology

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Found on sandy and muddy bottoms of coastal waters (Ref. 5213, 48635). Frequently in estuaries, juveniles have been taken in freshwater. Taken by handlining and seining in shallow waters and by trawling at depths to 30 m, usually less (Ref. 9790). A good food fish (Ref. 4315) that is marketed fresh (Ref. 5284). Commercially cultured in Japan. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
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Importance

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fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes
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分布

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分布於印度-西太平洋區海域,由紅海及東非到菲律賓,北至日本南部與韓國,南至澳洲北部。臺灣各地沙泥底海域均有分布。
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臺灣魚類資料庫
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利用

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漁期全年皆有,可利用手釣、圍網、底拖網、延繩釣等漁法捕獲。本種魚體型較大,魚市場較常見。其肉質細緻味美,是不錯的食用魚,油煎、清蒸或煮清湯。日本已有商業性的養殖。
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描述

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背鰭鰭條I-VII-I, 13或I-I-VII-I, 13;臀鰭鰭條13;胸鰭鰭條18-21(主要18);腹鰭鰭條I, 5;尾鰭分叉鰭條9-12(主要12)。側線鱗68-77;鰓被架7。體較短,平扁,向後漸細尖,縱剖面略呈圓柱狀。頭部呈縱扁,眶間隔稍寬。吻平扁,略長,約為眼徑之1.3-1.9倍。頭長為吻長之3.6-3.8倍。口大,上位,向後延伸超過眼睛前緣。眼小,眼後無凹陷。體長為頭長之2.9-3.2倍。鋤骨齒單一叢,寬帶狀。頤部具不具側線管。眼上方具有許多細絲。間鰓蓋骨不具附肢。頰部具雙稜。眼下稜光滑,僅1棘。前鰓蓋骨上方具2棘,下棘長於上棘,不具向前之倒棘。虹膜垂簡單型(simple)。眼眶前具1棘或無。眼眶上方具1棘。側線鱗具單一開口,均無棘。體背褐色,其上分布著黑褐色的不規則小斑點,腹部為淡黃色。背鰭、胸鰭及腹鰭均有些棕色的小斑點;尾鰭中間黃色,具有3-4黑色橫帶,各黑帶具白緣,是此魚重要的特徵。台灣標本存在有兩種型態,主要差別在鰓耙數量,有待進一步研究。(何宣慶、林沛立編寫 2012/12)
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棲地

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底棲性,主要棲息於沿岸沙泥底海域,但常可見於河口域,稚魚甚至可生活於河川下游。肉食性,以底棲性魚類或無脊椎動物為食。利用體色之擬態隱身於沙泥地,用以欺敵以及趁獵物不注意時躍起捕食。
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Balkstertplatkop ( Afrikaans )

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Die Balkstertplatkop (Platycephalus indicus) is 'n vis wat in die Indiese-Pasifiese area, die Rooisee en aan die ooskus van Afrika vanaf Oman tot by Mosselbaai voorkom. Die vis het ook deur die Suezkanaal gemigreer na die Middellandse See. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Bartail flathead.

Voorkoms

Die vis het 'n lang lyf. Die volwasse vis is bruin of gryskleurig aan die bokant en wit aan die onderkant. Die stertvin is wit of geel met 2 - 3 horisontale swart strepe en word tot 1 m lank.

Habitat

Die vis leef in beskutte kuswater en ook in riviermondings in water wat tot 25 m diep is. Hulle vreet garnale, krappe, wurms en vis. Die vis begrawe homself sodat net sy uitsteek. Die vis is eetbaar.

Sien ook

Bron

Eksterne skakel

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Balkstertplatkop: Brief Summary ( Afrikaans )

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Die Balkstertplatkop (Platycephalus indicus) is 'n vis wat in die Indiese-Pasifiese area, die Rooisee en aan die ooskus van Afrika vanaf Oman tot by Mosselbaai voorkom. Die vis het ook deur die Suezkanaal gemigreer na die Middellandse See. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Bartail flathead.

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Bartail flathead

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The bartail flathead (Platycephalus indicus), also known as the Indian flathead, gobi or Indo-Pacific flathead, is a species of largely marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Platycephalidae, the flatheads. This species is found in the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Ocean, and has invaded the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Taxonomy

The bartail flathead was first formally described in 1758 as Callionymus indicus by Carl Linnaeus in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae with the type locality given as “Asia”.[3] In 1795 the German physician and naturalist Marcus Elieser Bloch described Platycephalus spathula from Tranquebar in India creating the genus Platycephalus. In 1917 David Starr Jordan and Barton Warren Evermann designated Bloch’s P. spathula as the type species of Platycephalus, P. spathula is now considered to be a junior synonym of Linnaeus’s C. Indicus.[4]

Species complex

There are indications that Platycephalus indicus sensu lato is a species complex, the Australian bartail flathead (P. australis) has been recognised as a valid species,[5] and there is evidence that some of the records of this species from the waters of Japan and China are of two undescribed species, although a 2017 study confirmed the presence of P. indicus in this region.[6]

Etymology

The specific name indicus likely refers to the Indian Ocean.[7]

Description

The bartail flathead has a depressed head that is smooth, apart from low parieto-occipital, scapular and preopercular ridges, which are neither spined nor serrated. There is a short, blunt spine in front of the eye. The preoperculum terminates in 2 strong, slightly upturned spines. There are canine like vomerine teeth, with a single obvious row of canine-like teeth on the palatine while the jaws have wide bands of villiform teeth. The first dorsal fin has a short separate first spine and a further 7-9 spines, the second dorsal fin has 13 soft rays, as does the anal fin.. The rear margins of the second dorsal fin and anal fin have deep incisions in the membrane between the rays. The overall colour is brownish, there are 8 or 9 indistinct dusky bands across the back. The top of the head is finely mottled with more or less roundish spots each enclosed in a pale ring> the lower body is yellowish. the fins, other than the caudal fin, have rows of dusky spots on the fin rays while the caudal fin has a longitudinal black band in its middle, with 2 diagonal black bands above and below this.[8] This species has a maximum published total length of 100 cm (39 in), although 60 cm (24 in) is more typical, and a maximum published weight of 3.5 kg (7.7 lb).[9]

Caudal fin

Distribution and habitat

The bartail flathead has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution from the Red Sea and the eastern coast of Africa east to the Philippines, north to Japan and south to Papua New Guinea.[9] It was previously thought to occur in northern Australia but this population has now been recognised as a separate species P. australis.[10] It is recorded on occasions in the Levantine waters of the Mediterranean Sea since 1953, a likely entry from the Suez Canal.[11] [12][13]

The bartail flathead is found at depths between 20 and 200 m (66 and 656 ft) over sand and mud substrates,[9] often close to reefs[1] or seagrass beds,[14] and the juveniles have been known to enter the freshwater reaches of rivers.[9]

Biology

The bartail flat head is an ambush predator feeding on fishes and crustaceans.[8]

Fisheries

The bartail flathead is caught using handlines and seine nets in shallow waters and by trawls at depths to 30 m (98 ft), typically less. It is considered to be a good food fish and the flesh is sold fresh. It is also an ingredient in Chinese traditional medicine.[1][9]

References

  1. ^ a b c Knapp, L.W. (2010). "Platycephalus indicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T155105A4708518. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T155105A4708518.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ N. Bailly (2017). "Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758)". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
  3. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Platycephalus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  4. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Platycephalidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  5. ^ Imamura, H. (2015). "Taxonomic revision of the flathead fish genus Platycephalus Bloch, 1785 (Teleostei: Platycephalidae) from Australia, with description of a new species". Zootaxa. 3904 (2): 151–207.
  6. ^ Chen, Zhi & Gao, Tianxiang (2017). "Morphological Re-Description and DNA Barcoding of Platycephalus indicus Collected from Beihai, China". Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 49: 1647–1652. doi:10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.5.1647.1655.
  7. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (7 December 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Platycephaloidei: Families Bembridae, Parabembridae, Hoplichthyidae, Platycephalidae and Plectrogeniidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  8. ^ a b J. C. Hureau (ed.). "Indian flathead (Platycephalus indicus)". Fishes of the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Marine Species Identification Portal.
  9. ^ a b c d e Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Platycephalus indicus" in FishBase. February 2022 version.
  10. ^ CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research. "Platycephalus australis". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  11. ^ Rodríguez, G.; Suárez, H. (2001). "Anthropogenic dispersal of decapod crustaceans in aquatic environments". Interciencia. 26 (7): 282–288. Archived from the original on 2012-12-25.
  12. ^ Michel Bariche (2012). "Recent evidence on the presence of Heniochus intermedius (Teleostei: Chaetodontidae) and Platycephalus indicus (Teleostei: Platycephalidae) in the Mediterranean Sea" (PDF). BioInvasions Records. 1 (1): 53–57. doi:10.3391/bir.2012.1.1.12.
  13. ^ Atlas of Exotic Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea (Platycephalus indicus). 2nd Edition. 2021. 366p. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco.https://ciesm.org/atlas/fishes_2nd_edition/Platycephalus_indicus.pdf
  14. ^ "Bartail flathead Platycephalus indicus Family Platycephalidae". Wild Singapore. October 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
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Bartail flathead: Brief Summary

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The bartail flathead (Platycephalus indicus), also known as the Indian flathead, gobi or Indo-Pacific flathead, is a species of largely marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Platycephalidae, the flatheads. This species is found in the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Ocean, and has invaded the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

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Platycephalus indicus ( Basque )

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Platycephalus indicus Platycephalus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Platycephalidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Platycephalus indicus FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Platycephalus indicus: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Platycephalus indicus Platycephalus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Platycephalidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Platycephalus indicus ( Italian )

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Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758) è un pesce osseo marino appartenente alla famiglia Platycephalidae.

Descrizione

Come tutti i Platycephalidae P. indicus ha corpo allungato con grande testa molto depressa coperta di creste ossee e grande bocca. La mandibola è più lunga della mascella e sporgente. I denti sono piccoli, disposti su entrambe le mascelle. Gli occhi sono posti sulla superficie dorsale della testa. Due pinne dorsali, la prima composta da raggi spinosi, di cui il primo e l'ultimo liberi. La seconda dorsale, connessa alla prima da una piccola membrana, più lunga e composta di raggi molli forcuti all'estremità. La pinna anale è opposta e identica alla seconda dorsale. Pinna caudale tronca. Il dorso è brunastro, spesso con macchie scure, il ventre biancastro. Le pinne pettorali e le pinne ventrali sono cosparse di punti scuri. La pinna caudale ha colore giallo al centro con due o tre fasce scure orizzontali[2][3].

La lunghezza massima nota è di 100 cm, il peso massimo è di 3,5 kg. La taglia media si aggira sui 60 cm[3].

Distribuzione e habitat

Diffuso nell'intero Indo-Pacifico tropicale, compreso il mar Rosso da cui è penetrato nel mar Mediterraneo orientale (migrazione lessepsiana). Diversi esemplari sono stati catturati in Israele, Egitto e Libano negli anni '70 ma da allora sembra scomparso dal Mediterraneo. Vive su fondi molli fino a 40 metri di profondità ed è eurialino potendo penetrare in lagune ed estuari con acque salmastre. I giovanili talvolta si trovano in acqua del tutto dolce[2][3].

Biologia

Alimentazione

Caccia all'agguato. Si nutre di pesci e crostacei[2].

Riproduzione

Uova e larve sono pelagiche[2].

Pesca

P. indicus ha una certa importanza commerciale e viene allevato in piscicoltura in Giappone. Viene pescato con lenze e sciabiche nelle acque poco profonde e con reti a strascico a profondità maggiori. Le carni sono ottime. Viene utilizzato dalla medicina tradizionale cinese. Non ha importanza per la pesca nel Mediterraneo[1][2][3].

Conservazione

Lo status delle popolazioni non è noto con certezza. In tutto l'areale viene sfruttato dalla pesca commerciale. Alcuni habitat, specie quelli di estuario in cui vivono i giovani, subiscono alterazioni di vario genere. Questi impatti non paiono comunque mettere globalmente in pericolo la specie[1].

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Platycephalus indicus, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e (EN) Platycephalus indicus, su Atlas of Exotic Species in the Mediterranean, CIESM - Mediterranean Science Commission. URL consultato il 4/1/2016.
  3. ^ a b c d (EN) Platycephalus indicus, su FishBase. URL consultato il 24.12.2015.

Bibliografia

  • Patrick Louisy, Guida all'identificazione dei pesci marini d'Europa e del Mediterraneo, a cura di Trainito, Egidio, Milano, Il Castello, 2006, ISBN 888039472X.

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Platycephalus indicus: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758) è un pesce osseo marino appartenente alla famiglia Platycephalidae.

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Indische platkopvis ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

De Indische platkopvis (Platycephalus indicus) is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van platkopvissen (Platycephalidae), orde schorpioenvisachtigen (Scorpaeniformes), die voorkomt in de Grote en Indische Oceaan en in de Middellandse Zee.

Beschrijving

Platycephalus indicus kan maximaal 100 centimeter lang en 3500 gram zwaar worden. Het lichaam van de vis heeft een aalachtige vorm.

De vis heeft twee rugvinnen en één aarsvin. Er zijn negen stekels en 13 vinstralen in de rugvin en 13 vinstralen in de aarsvin.

Voorkomen en leefwijze

Platycephalus indicus is een zout- en brakwatervis die voorkomt in gematigde wateren op een diepte van 20 tot 200 meter.

Het dieet van de vis bestaat hoofdzakelijk uit macrofauna en vis.

Relatie tot de mens

Platycephalus indicus is voor de visserij van aanzienlijk commercieel belang. Bovendien wordt er op de vis gejaagd in de hengelsport.

De soort staat niet op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN.

Externe link

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  • Froese, R., D. Pauly. en redactie. 2005. FishBase. Elektronische publicatie. www.fishbase.org, versie 06/2005.
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Indische platkopvis: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Indische platkopvis (Platycephalus indicus) is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van platkopvissen (Platycephalidae), orde schorpioenvisachtigen (Scorpaeniformes), die voorkomt in de Grote en Indische Oceaan en in de Middellandse Zee.

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Cá chai ( Vietnamese )

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Cá chai (Danh pháp khoa học: Platycephalus indicus) là một loài cá biển trong họ cá chai (Platycephalidae) sống tại vùng cửa biển. Đây là một loài cá có giá trị kinh tế, được dùng để chế biến thành nhiều món ăn.

Đặc điểm

Cá chai có thân tròn, dài đầu rất bằng, dẹt và rộng, gần giống như cá bống. Cá không quá lớn, chúng có độ dài từ 10–20 cm và đến chừng 40 cm. Đường góc và gai trên đầu cá chai thường trơn láng và gai ngắn hơn nhiều so với các loài cá khác. Cá chai nhìn bề ngoài xấu xí, thô ráp gồ ghề, trông cá to hơn cổ tay người lớn, chúng trông có da xám thô, thân dài, đuôi nhọn, đầu tròn to dẹt và hai mắt lồi. Cá chai thịt dày, nhiều, mỗi con cá to nặng gần cả ký, thịt thơm, dai, hơi khô, chắc như thịt gà, rất ít xương nhỏ, phần thịt ở đầu cá ngon vì dưới hai mắt cá có một lớp thịt ngon. Ngoài phần thịt thơm ngon, phần xương hàm của cá vì thịt ở đấy mềm và ngọt. Thịt cá chai có nhiều canxi, vitamin D tự nhiên.

Giá trị và khai thác

Việt Nam, ngư dân vùng biển vẫn thường đánh bắt cá chai vào khoảng tháng 2 - 3 âm lịch là kỳ trúng cá. Tại các chợ quê, vùng trung du, cá chai được bày bán nhiều với giá khá rẻ. Tuy nhiên hiện nay, cá chai có tên trong danh sách cá đặc sản của những nhà hàng. Người ta sơ chế cá bằng cách sau khi mổ vứt bỏ bộ ruột, dùng dao xẻ dọc theo bụng cá từ đầu đến sát đuôi sau đó cho hành lá, ớt xanh giã nhỏ, muối hột vào bụng cá, kẹp bằng vỉ và đưa lên bếp than hồng, cá nướng sơ một lửa thì đặt lá lốt lên. Tùy theo cá to hay nhỏ mà sắp đặt lớp lá lốt dày hay mỏng để lửa không bén vào da cá. Khi lớp lá lốt vừa cháy xem xém cũng là lúc thịt cá chai chín tới.

Sau khi làm xong, thịt cá được để nguyên con hay cắt thành lát tùy theo cách chế biến của nhiều người. Nếu làm món cá chai nướng thì con nhỏ có thể để nguyên, con lớn cắt thành từng khoanh tròn đều rồi ướp muối ớt với nước sả, thêm các gia vị khác rồi đem nướng lửa than. Ngoài ra còn có món cá chai kho keo, chúng cũng có thể chế biến thành nhiều món ngon như chiên, kho rim hay kho tộ, đặc biệt kho với nghệ tươi, nếu cá chai nướng trui là không cần ướp bất kỳ loại gia vị nào cả để giữ nguyên hương vị giòn ngọt của cá, ngoài ra còn món cá chai nướng mỡ chài lá lót. Cá chai ăn kèm rau cải cuốn với bánh tráng, chấm với nước sốt chua ngọt gồm có cà chua. Cá chai kho còn thích hợp dùng với xôi trắng, cháo trắng hay cháo gạo lứt.

Chú thích

Tham khảo

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Cá chai: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Cá chai (Danh pháp khoa học: Platycephalus indicus) là một loài cá biển trong họ cá chai (Platycephalidae) sống tại vùng cửa biển. Đây là một loài cá có giá trị kinh tế, được dùng để chế biến thành nhiều món ăn.

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印度鯒 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Platycephalus indicus
Linnaeus, 1758

印度鯒,又稱印度牛尾魚,為輻鰭魚綱鮋形目牛尾魚科的其中一

分布

本魚廣泛分布於印度洋太平洋暖水域。

深度

水深1至15公尺。

特徵

本魚為牛尾魚科中體型最大者,體長可達到一公尺。頭大平扁,具硬棘易傷人。鋤骨齒為犬齒狀,成一弧狀橫帶,腭骨齒僅一列。前鰓蓋棘2枚,鰓蓋邊緣有一皮質瓣狀物。體呈褐色,腹面黃色,有8至9個不規則黑斑。其上下各有一黑色斜走帶。

生態

本魚為底棲性魚類,善棲息於泥砂區。常潛伏泥沙中,伺機捕捉小魚蝦。

經濟利用

食用魚,適宜油煎、清蒸或煮皆美味。

参考文献

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印度鯒: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

印度鯒,又稱印度牛尾魚、鯒,為輻鰭魚綱鮋形目牛尾魚科的其中一

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Description

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Found on sandy and muddy bottoms of coastal waters (Ref. 5213). Frequently in estuaries, juveniles have been taken in freshwater. Taken by handlining and seining in shallow waters and by trawling at depths to 30 m, usually less (Ref. 9790). Commercially cultured in Japan. Marketed fresh (Ref. 5284).

Reference

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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WoRMS Editorial Board
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Edward Vanden Berghe [email]