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Great Blue Spotted Mudskipper

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris (Linnaeus 1758)

Diagnostic Description

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Total elements in second dorsal fin 23-26 (mean = 24.8); caudal-fin length/SL 18.3-22.2% (mean = 20.2%); head length/SL 24.3-28.0% (mean = 26.0%); length of second dorsal fin base/SL 41.5-46.1% (mean = 43.4%) longitudinal scale count 84-123 (mean = 104); predorsal scales 26-48 (mean = 33.9).
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Trophic Strategy

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An intertidal and amphibious air-breather that actively shuttles back and forth between tidepools and air (Ref. 31184). Creeps around and browses on mud flats at low tide; stays in a burrow in the mud at high tide.
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Grace Tolentino Pablico
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Morphology

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Dorsal soft rays (total): 24 - 31; Analsoft rays: 24 - 30
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Rodolfo B. Reyes
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Diagnostic Description

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Distinguished by the following characteristics: Total elements in D2 23-26; caudal fin length 18.3-22.2% SL; head length 24.3-28.0% SL; length of D2 base 41.5-46.1% SL; first D2 element usually segmented and branched; longitudinal scale count 84-123; predorsal scales 26-48; lower jaw teeth notched (Ref. 5218).
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Biology

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An intertidal and amphibious air-breather that actively shuttles back and forth between tide pools and air (Ref. 31184). Creeps around and browses on mud flats at low tide; stays in a burrow in the mud at high tide. Herbivores that graze on diatoms on the mud surface during low tide (Ref. 92840). Caught for food. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
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Rainer Froese
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Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; price category: very high; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
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分布

provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
分布於西北太平洋,包括台灣、中國、日本、韓國等沿海。台灣產於北部及西部沙地沿岸。
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利用

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重要之經濟性食用魚類,常與中藥一起燉煮,肉味極鮮美,是上品佳餚,有明目補身之效。唯不易捕捉,主要漁法是陷阱與手釣,近年西南部有人工養殖,尤以北門鄉為甚。全年皆產。
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描述

provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
背鰭V-I , 23~25;臀鰭I , 23~25;胸鰭18~19;縱列鱗90~105;橫列鱗20~22。體延長而側扁,背、腹緣平直,尾柄高而平直。眼小位高,背側位,互相靠近。吻圓鈍,大於眼徑。口大,近平直,上下頜牙各一行。體及頭部被圓鱗;前部鱗小,後部鱗稍大,無側線。背鰭兩枚,分離,第一背鰭較高,基底較短,硬棘皆呈絲狀延長,以第III棘為最長;第二背鰭基底長,最後面的軟條平放時可達尾鰭基底;臀鰭與第二背鰭同型;胸鰭短而尖圓,基部具臂狀肌柄;左右腹鰭癒合成一吸盤;尾鰭長而尖圓。體背側青褐色,腹側淺色。第一背鰭深藍色,具許多不規則白色小點;第二背鰭藍色,具4列縱行小白斑;臀、胸及腹鰭皆為淡灰色;尾鰭灰青色,有時具白色小斑。(林沛立編寫 2012/10)
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棲地

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主要棲息於河口區及紅樹林的半淡鹹水域,以及沿岸海域的泥灘水域。多活動於潮間帶,退潮時借胸鰭肌柄於泥灘爬行或跳動覓食;漲潮時則躲於洞穴中。皮膚可做為呼吸的輔助器官,所以只要保持身體的濕潤即可長期離開水面。其活動速度快,但易受驚嚇,會很快跳離,甚至躲入水中或洞穴裡 。領域性強,對於同類物種或其他物種(如招潮蟹)入侵其領域範圍時,牠便張大口並開展背鰭及尾鰭,以便威嚇及驅趕入侵者。雄魚於求偶期間亦會開展背鰭及尾鰭,併會跳動於泥灘中,展開一場華麗的求偶舞。雜食性,以有機質、底藻、浮游動物及其它無脊椎動物等為食。
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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris és una espècie de peix de la família dels gòbids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

Morfologia

Hàbitat

És un peix de clima tropical (26°C-30°C) i demersal.[4]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a la Xina, Corea, el Japó i Taiwan.[4][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]

Observacions

És inofensiu per als humans[4] i emprat en la medicina tradicional xinesa.[21]

Referències

  1. Cuvier, G. & A. Valenciennes, 1837. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome douzième. Suite du livre quatorzième. Gobioïdes. Livre quinzième. Acanthoptérygiens à pectorales pédiculées. Hist. Nat. Poiss. v. 12: i-xxiv + 1-507 + 1 p., Pls. 344-368.
  2. BioLib (anglès)
  3. Linnaeus, C., 1758. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.) Holmiae. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. v. 1: i-ii + 1-824.
  4. 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 FishBase (anglès)
  5. Baensch, H.A. i R. Riehl, 1985. Aquarien atlas. Band 2. Mergus, Verlag für Natur- und Heimtierkunde GmbH, Melle, Alemanya. 1216 p.
  6. Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno i T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tòquio, Japó. 437 p.
  7. Huang, Z., 2001. Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404- 463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, Estats Units. 598 p.
  8. Jeong, S.J., K.H. Han, J.K. Kim i D.-S. Sim, 2004. Age and growth of the blue spot mudskipper (Boleophthalmus pectinirostris) in the mud flat of Southwestern Korea. J. Korean Fish. Soc. 37(1):44-50.
  9. Kapoor, D., R. Dayal i A.G. Ponniah, 2002. Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, Índia. 775 p.
  10. Kim, I.-S., 1997. Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Vol. 37. Freshwater fishes. Ministry of Education.: 1-629.
  11. Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim i J.H. Kim, 2005. Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyo-Hak Pub Co. Seül, Corea del Sud. 615p.
  12. Kuo, S.-R. i K.-T. Shao, 1999. Species composition of fish in the coastal zones of the Tsengwen estuary, with descriptions of five new records from Taiwan. Zool. Stud. 38(4):391-404.
  13. Kuo, S.-R., H.-J. Lin i K.-T. Shao, 1999. Fish assemblages in the mangrove creeks of northern and southern Taiwan. Estuaries 22(4):1004-1015.
  14. Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn i T. Songsirikul, 1997. Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Tailàndia. 353 p.
  15. Nguyen, N.T. i V.Q. Nguyen, 2006. Biodiversity and living resources of the coral reef fishes in Vietnam marine waters. Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi.
  16. Ni, I.-H. i K.-Y. Kwok, 1999 Marine fish fauna in Hong Kong waters. Zool. Stud. 38(2):130-152.
  17. Nishikawa, S., K. Amaoka i K. Nakanishi, 1974. A comparative study of chromosomes of twelve species of gobioid fish in Japan. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 21(2):61-71.
  18. Randall, J.E. i K.K.P. Lim (eds.), 2000. A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667.
  19. Shao, K.-T. i P.L. Lim, 1991. Fishes of freshwater and estuary. Encyclopedia of field guide in Taiwan. Recreation Press, Co., Ltd., Taipei. vol. 31. 240 p. (En xinès).
  20. Washio, M., M. Tsutsui i T. Takita, 1991. Age and growth of the mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris distributed in the mud flat of the Midori River, Kumamoto Prefecture. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 57(4):637-644.
  21. Tang, W.-C., 1987. Chinese medicinal materials from the sea. Abstracts of Chinese Medicine 1(4):571-600.


Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Anònim, 2002. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, NY 10024-5192, Estats Units.
  • Arai, R. i Y. Sawada, 1975. Chromosomes of Japanese gobioid fishes (III) Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Ser.A. 1(4):225-232. Tòquio.
  • Eschmeyer, William N.: Genera of Recent Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. iii + 697. ISBN 0-940228-23-8. Any 1990.
  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Fei, Z. i R. Tao, 1987. Studies on the karyotypes of four species in Gobiodae and compared with other fishes in there. J. Zhejiang Coll. Fish 6:127-131.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estats Units, 1997.
  • Hoese, D.F. 1986: Gobiidae. p. 774-807. A: M.M. Smith i P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín.
  • Martin, K.L.M. i C.R. Bridges, 1999. Respiration in water and air. p. 54-78. A: M.H. Horn, K.L.M. Martin i M.A. Chotkowski (eds.) Intertidal fishes. Life in two worlds. Academic Press. 399 p.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Murdy, E.O., 1989. A taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of the Oxudercine gobies (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae). Records of the Australian Museum Supplement 11:93 p.
  • Murdy, E.O. i K. Shibukawa, 2001. A revision of the gobiid fish genus Odontamblyopus (Gobiidae: Amblyopinae). Ichthyol. Res. 48(1):31-43.
  • Nelson, J.S. 2006: Fishes of the world. Quarta edició. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, Nova Jersey, Estats Units. 601 p.
  • Nogusa, S., 1960. A comparative study of the chromosomes of fishes with particular considerations on taxonomy and evolution. Mem. Hyogo Univ. Agric. 3(1):1-62.
  • Vasil'ev, V.P., 1980. Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3): 1-38.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.
  • Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao i C.F. Lai (eds.), 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.
  • Yang, K.Y., S.Y. Lee i G.A. Williams, 2003. Selective feeding by the mudskipper (Boleophthalmus pectinirostris) on the microalgal assemblage of a tropical mudflat. Mar. Biol. 134(2):245-256.


Enllaços externs

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris és una espècie de peix de la família dels gòbids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris

provided by wikipedia EN

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, commonly known as the great blue spotted mudskipper and mutsugoro (むつごろう, mutsugoro), is a species of mudskipper native to the Northwest Pacific. It can be found on the coastlines of Japan, eastern China, Sumatra, Malaysia, Taiwan and the Korean Peninsula.[1]

Description

Individuals of B. pectinirostris are predominantly greenish-grey in colour, with prominent sky blue speckles across their body, including their fins and on the skin below their eyes.[2]

Anatomy

Epidermis

B. pectinirostis is amphibious, and breathes through its epidermis, a process known as cutaneous respiration. A study examining specimens from Jeollanam-do, South Korea, found that the epidermis of B. pectinirostis has three layers. The outermost layer consists of flattened, polygonal cells in one to eight layers of cells. The small cells are 5–7 µm by 5–8 µm, arranged in regular, compact rows on the outermost region of the layer, mostly in the jaw and fin epidermis. Larger mucuous cells are distributed throughout all regions of the epidermis except the fins and the sucking disc, located in between dermal bulges.[3]

The middle layer consists of layers of small cells and larger cells known as swollen cells that have a large vacuole. Whereas other air-breathing fishes have thicker middle layers with cells that uptake oxygen, members of the Boleophthalamus genus have the simple swollen cell structure that prevents dehydration while walking on land.[4] The number of layers ranged from 1 to 15. The innermost layer is the stratus germinativum, and consists of one layer of cuboidal and roughly columnar basal cells. The thickness of the epidermis largely depends on the middle layer thickness, and is generally thick in the body and thin in the fins.[3]

Dermal bulges

B. pectinirostis also has dermal bulges at the highest point of its scales on its body, except for where the fins and sucking disc are. The bulges' mean height ranges from 82–391 µm and their mean weight ranges from 172–485 µm. The distribution of bulges ranges from 0 to 6 per millimetre. The epidermis is very thin at these bulges, such that the stratus germinativum is very close to the outside.[3]

Blood vessels

B. pectinirostis has blood vessels and dermal capillaries in its dermis bulges just below the inner stratus germinativum layer.[3]

Taxonomy

Etymology

B. pectinirostris's generic name, Boleophthalmus, is derived from the placement of the fish's eyes, which can be raised above the level of their orbits. It is taken from the Greek bole ('ejected') and ophthalmon ('eye'). The specific epithet is a compound Latin form, taken from pecten ('comb, rake') and rostrum ('beak'), and likely refers to the incised teeth of the fish's mandible, which it uses to scrape its food off the surface of the ground when on land.[2]

Phylogeny

Phylogenetic analysis of B. pectinirostris conducted in 2014 found that the species may in fact include at least two cryptic species as part of a species complex; one being native to the South and East China Sea, and another being found in the Strait of Malacca northward towards Taiwan.[5]

Habitat and distribution

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris can be found in Peninsular and eastern Malaysia, Sumatra (Indonesia), China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, living in warm tropical and sub-tropical estuaries. As a euryhaline species, it can also survive in a wide range of salinities. It prefers muddy areas near river mouths and mangroves, where it is easier to burrow in.[6] Its presence in Malaysia and Sumatra was confirmed in 2009, where it is sympatric with Boleophthalmus boddarti. Prior to 2009, the populations in this region were misidentified as the species Boleophthalmus dussumieri, another species in the same genus which is related to both B. boddarti and B. pectiniriostris.[2]

Behaviour

Burrowing

Like other mudskippers, B. pectinirostris is able to move on land, using its pectoral and pelvic fins to clamber over the surface of tidal flats in its habitat at low tide. Using its tail, it can also hop across the ground to move faster.[1] During high tide, the night, or when its predators are present, the fish retreats into a burrow, dug to a depth of approximately 1 metre (3.3 ft) below the surface, becoming active again during the day or when the threat has passed.

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris use their mouths to move soil and maintain their burrows, in the process increasing sediment surface area and oxygenating deeper layers of sediment. Burrows of the B. pectinirostris examined in mangrove ecosystems in Pandansari Brebes, Central Java were observed to have diameters of 3–4 centimetres (1.2–1.6 in) in muddy beach areas and 2–9 centimetres (0.79–3.54 in) in mangrove areas, identified as belonging to members of the species by tracks left by their fins.[6]

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris in Funing Bay, Fujian, China also constructs mud walls around the entrance of their burrows in the winter, creating a shallow walled pool that maintains a relatively consistent temperature, maintains a microphytobenthos (e.g. diatoms) population for food, keeps other fish out, and prevents tides from moving the sediment around and in their burrows.[7]

Territorialism

Great blue mudskippers are territorial,[7] and males will fight with others of their species over access to burrows and during the breeding season, signalling their aggression by raising their large dorsal fins. The species is also known to compete with the Japanese mud crab (Macrophthalmus japonicus) over food in locations where both species occur.

Diet

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris are herbivores. During low tide, they leave their tunnels to graze on diatoms at the surface.[1][6]

Relationship with humans

Culinary use

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris is of culinary importance in Japan, and is fished in areas where the species is particularly abundant, such as the Ariake Sea and the Yatsushiro Sea in Saga Prefecture and Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyushu. A style of cooking the fish local to this region involves grilling and basting it whole over charcoal.[8]

Fishing

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris is typically caught by line or by trapping. The line method, referred to as mutsukake, is an unusual method developed in Japan that bears a resemblance to fly fishing, and is carried out at low tide with the use of a long fishing rod, a harpoon-like hook that catches in the fish's skin, and a wooden sled called an oshiita, which is used to travel out onto the tidal flats and to support oneself, as the surface of the flats is too soft to stand on. An alternative means of catching great blue spotted mudskippers is by using long burrow traps made out of hollow bamboo, which are driven into the tidal flat and trap the fish after they enter.[2]

Status and conservation

As a shoreline species, B. pectinirostris is vulnerable to water pollution and overfishing, and had formerly been in decline from around 1970 due to these factors. However, surveys of the populations in the Ariake and Yatsushiro Sea conducted in 2013 found that the species' numbers had increased by over eight times since the previous survey, which was undertaken 16 years prior. B. pectinirostris's recovery is believed to be the result of improved water quality, reduced fishing of the species due to a lower demand, and implementation of conservation measures. A series of mild winters may have also factored into the population increase.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Boleophthalmus pectinirostris summary page". FishBase. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
  2. ^ a b c d Polgar, Gianluca (2014-06-01). "The mudskipper - Boleophthalmus pectinirostris". www.mudskipper.it. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
  3. ^ a b c d Park, Jong-Young; Lee, Yong-Joo; Kim, Ik-Soo; Kim, So-Young (2003-04-15). "A comparative study of the regional epidermis of an amphibious mudskipper fish, Boleophthalmus pectinirostris (Gobiidae, Pisces)" (PDF). Folia Zoologica. 52 (4): 431–440. ISSN 0139-7893.
  4. ^ Hidayat, Saifullah; Wicaksono, Adhityo; Raharjeng, Anita; Jin, Desmond Soo Mun; Alam, Parvez; Retnoaji, Bambang (2021-11-29). "The Morphologies of Mudskipper Pelvic Fins in Relation to Terrestrial and Climbing Behaviour". Proceedings of the Zoological Society. 75 (1): 83–93. doi:10.1007/s12595-021-00422-1.
  5. ^ Hui, Chen; Polgar, Gianluca; Cui-Zhang, Fu (January 2014). "Cryptic species and evolutionary history of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris complex along the northwestern Pacific coast". Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica: 75–86 – via ResearchGate.
  6. ^ a b c Cintra, Allsay; Fitrian, Tyani; Oktaviyani, Selvia; Subandi, R; Pesilette, R N (April 2021). "Effect of burrows of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Class Actinopterygii Family Gobiidae) on total organic matter in the mangrove ecosystem of Pandansari Brebes, Central Java". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 744 (012008). doi:10.1088/1755-1315/744/1/012008.
  7. ^ a b Chen, Shixi; Hong, Wanshu; Zhang, Qiyong; Su, Yongquan (April 2007). "Why does the mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris form territories in farming ponds?". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK. 87 (2): 615–619. doi:10.1017/S0025315407054434.
  8. ^ "Grilled mudskipper - 【郷土料理ものがたり】". kyoudo-ryouri.com. kyodoryori-story, Ltd. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
  9. ^ "Mudskipper numbers jump eightfold". The Japan Times. Saga, Japan. 2013-05-30. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, commonly known as the great blue spotted mudskipper and mutsugoro (むつごろう, mutsugoro), is a species of mudskipper native to the Northwest Pacific. It can be found on the coastlines of Japan, eastern China, Sumatra, Malaysia, Taiwan and the Korean Peninsula.

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris es una especie de peces de la familia de los Gobiidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

Morfología

Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 20 cm de longitud total.[1][2]

Hábitat

Es un pez de clima tropical.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra en la China, Corea, el Japón y Taiwán.

Observaciones

Es inofensivo para los humanos.

Referencias

  1. FishBase (en inglés)
  2. Baensch, H.A. y R. Riehl, 1985. Aquarien atlas. Band 2. Mergus, Verlag für Natur- und Heimtierkunde GmbH, Melle, Alemania. 1216 p.

Bibliografía

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris es una especie de peces de la familia de los Gobiidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris ( Basque )

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris Boleophthalmus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Gobiidae familian.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez) FishBase

Ikus, gainera

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris Boleophthalmus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Gobiidae familian.

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris ( French )

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris est une espèce de gobies, poissons de la famille des Gobiidae, de la sous-famille des Oxudercinae.

Description

Sa taille peut atteindre 20 cm[1],[2].

Habitat

C'est une espèce de climat tropical (26-30 °C) vivant dans la zone démersale[1].

Répartition

On la rencontre dans les eaux côtières de Chine, Corée, Japon et Taïwan[1],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10],[11],[12],[13],[14],[15],[16],[17].

Observations

Inoffensif pour l'être humain[1], il est utilisé dans la médecine chinoise[18].

Notes et références

  1. a b c et d FishBase (en)
  2. Baensch, H.A. i R. Riehl, 1985. Aquarien atlas. Band 2. Mergus, Verlag für Natur- und Heimtierkunde GmbH, Melle (Allemagne). 1216 p.
  3. Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno i T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo. 437 p.
  4. (en) Huang, Z., 2001. Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404- 463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Floride, États-Unis. 598 p.
  5. (en) Jeong, S.J., K.H. Han, J.K. Kim i D.-S. Sim, 2004. Age and growth of the blue spot mudskipper (Boleophthalmus pectinirostris) in the mud flat of Southwestern Korea. J. Korean Fish. Soc. 37(1):44-50.
  6. Kapoor, D., R. Dayal i A.G. Ponniah, 2002. Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, Índia. 775 p.
  7. Kim, I.-S., 1997. Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Vol. 37. Freshwater fishes. Ministry of Education.: 1-629.
  8. Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim i J.H. Kim, 2005. Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyo-Hak Pub Co., Séoul. 615p.
  9. (en) Kuo, S.-R. i K.-T. Shao, 1999. Species composition of fish in the coastal zones of the Tsengwen estuary, with descriptions of five new records from Taiwan. Zool. Stud. 38(4):391-404.
  10. Kuo, S.-R., H.-J. Lin i K.-T. Shao, 1999. Fish assemblages in the mangrove creeks of northern and southern Taiwan. Estuaries 22(4):1004-1015.
  11. Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn i T. Songsirikul, 1997. Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok. 353 p.
  12. Nguyen, N.T. i V.Q. Nguyen, 2006. Biodiversity and living resources of the coral reef fishes in Vietnam marine waters. Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoï.
  13. Ni, I.-H. i K.-Y. Kwok, 1999 Marine fish fauna in Hong Kong waters. Zool. Stud. 38(2):130-152.
  14. Nishikawa, S., K. Amaoka i K. Nakanishi, 1974. A comparative study of chromosomes of twelve species of gobioid fish in Japan. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 21(2):61-71.
  15. Randall, J.E. i K.K.P. Lim (eds.), 2000. A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667.
  16. (zh) Shao, K.-T. i P.L. Lim, 1991. Fishes of freshwater and estuary. Encyclopedia of field guide in Taïwan. Recreation Press, Co., Ltd., Taipei. vol. 31. 240 p.
  17. Washio, M., M. Tsutsui i T. Takita, 1991. Age and growth of the mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris distributed in the mud flat of the Midori River, Kumamoto Prefecture. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 57(4):637-644.
  18. Tang, W.-C., 1987. Chinese medicinal materials from the sea. Abstracts of Chinese Medicine 1(4):571-600.

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris: Brief Summary ( French )

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris est une espèce de gobies, poissons de la famille des Gobiidae, de la sous-famille des Oxudercinae.

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Boleophthalmus pectinirostris ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

Boleophthalmus pectinirostris is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van grondels (Gobiidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1758 door Linnaeus.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Boleophthalmus pectinirostris. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Cá nác hoa ( Vietnamese )

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Cá nác hoa (Danh pháp khoa học: Boleophthalmus pectinirostris[3]) là một loài trong họ Gobiidae[4][5] chúng là là loài nước lợ, phân bố chủ yếu ở bãi triều cửa sông, lạch, tại ven biển. Cá có chất lượng thịt thơm ngon.

Đặc điểm

Mô tả

Cá nác hoa có kích thước nhỏ. Cơ thể không có vẩy, hình thuôn dài, nhẵn bóng, đầu to hơn thân không nhiều, có 2 mắt lồi lên phía trên đầu trông như mắt ếch. Thân và vây cá có màu nâu đất và điểm những chấm màu xanh nhạt nên được gọi là cá nác hoa. Vây lưng được chia làm 2 phần, phần trước phát triển hơn phần sau, khi dựng lên trông như cánh buồm. Miệng cá rộng, mang phồng to. Sau 1 tháng chúng có thể đạt cỡ 1,5 cm, cá một năm tuổi có chiều dài 13 cm, trọng lượng 13 - 15 g.

Tập tính

Cá nác hoa phân bố dọc theo các bãi lầy ở cửa sông, không ngập quá 2 m nước. Loài cá này sinh sống trong hang hốc ở bãi lầy. Khi thủy triều xuống thì cá chui ra, nhất là những ngày nắng ráo để kiếm ăn. Cá có khả năng di chuyển trên mặt bùn khá nhanh, gần như chạy nhảy. Nhờ khả năng hô hấp đặc biệt, chúng có thể sống được cả trên cạn và dưới nước. Cá nác hoa thường đào hang trú ẩn ở các lùm cây, kẹt rễ um tùm, hang sâu với nhiều ngóc ngách.

Cá rất nhanh nhẹn trong việc trốn thoát khỏi sự tấn công của kẻ thù. Khi gặp nguy hiểm, cá đực sẽ bảo vệ hang của nó bằng cách di chuyển, há ngoác miệng và giương vây để đe dọa địch thủ. Đây là một loài cá ăn tạp, nghiêng về động vật và có thói quen tranh giành thức ăn.Khi còn nhỏ, cá nác hoa sử dụng thức ăn là động thực vật phù du, mùn bã hữu cơ, khi lớn ăn các loài giáp xác cỡ nhỏ. Cá nhỏ sử dụng tảo, phiêu sinh động vật làm thức ăn;

Sinh sản

Cá thành thục từ một năm trở lên, mùa sinh sản bắt đầu từ tháng 4 đến 9 đối với các tỉnh miền Bắc và quanh năm đối với các tỉnh miền Nam. Vào mùa sinh sản, cá đực và cái cặp với nhau và tìm các lùm cây dưới nước để sinh sản.

Trứng cá đẻ ra sẽ dính vào các giá thể, cá bố mẹ canh giữ ổ trứng cho đến khi nở. Ở điều kiện nhiệt độ 26 - 300C, độ mặn 15 - 20‰, hàm lượng ôxy hòa tan 4 – 5 mg/l, sau 96 - 120 giờ trứng sẽ nở, 3 ngày sau cá bột mới mở miệng và bắt đầu ăn thức ăn bên ngoài.

Chú thích

  1. ^ Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (2006) Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of April 2006., Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in April 2006.
  2. ^ Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (1998) Catalog of fishes., Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p.
  3. ^ Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino (1984) The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1., Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text).
  4. ^ Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). “Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Truy cập ngày 24 tháng 9 năm 2012.
  5. ^ FishBase. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 2011-06-14

Tham khảo

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Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết chủ đề bộ Cá bống này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Cá nác hoa: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Cá nác hoa (Danh pháp khoa học: Boleophthalmus pectinirostris) là một loài trong họ Gobiidae chúng là là loài nước lợ, phân bố chủ yếu ở bãi triều cửa sông, lạch, tại ven biển. Cá có chất lượng thịt thơm ngon.

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大弹涂鱼 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

大弹涂鱼学名Boleophthalmus pectinirostris)为鰕虎鱼科大弹涂鱼属鱼类,俗名花鱼、花跳鱼、星點彈塗。被選為世界自然基金會的海洋十寶之一。

分布

本魚分布于西北太平洋區,包括日本中國朝鮮半島等海域,属于沿岸暖温性鱼类。该物种的模式产地在广州。[1]

特徵

本魚體延長,眼大突出,腹鰭癒合成吸盤。魚體灰褐色,散布不規則白斑點、黑斑及藍色亮斑,並具5至6條向前斜下的黑褐色橫紋,體長可達20公分。

生態

本魚一般栖息于底质为烂泥的低潮区或半咸水的河口滩涂,屬廣鹽性魚類,稍受驚嚇時即迅速跳離,繁殖期時具有領域性,雄魚會有複雜的求愛活動,會築巢護卵及守護幼魚。屬雜食性,以底藻及小型底棲動物為食。

經濟利用

為經濟性食用魚,目前已有大量人工繁殖。

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 中国科学院动物研究所. 大弹涂鱼. 中国动物物种编目数据库. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-16]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).

扩展阅读

 src= 維基物種中有關大弹涂鱼的數據

小作品圖示这是一篇與鱸形目相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 物種識別信息
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大弹涂鱼: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

大弹涂鱼(学名:Boleophthalmus pectinirostris)为鰕虎鱼科大弹涂鱼属鱼类,俗名花鱼、花跳鱼、星點彈塗。被選為世界自然基金會的海洋十寶之一。

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ムツゴロウ ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語
曖昧さ回避 この項目では、魚のムツゴロウについて説明しています。愛称がムツゴロウで「ムツゴロウ動物王国」のオーナーである作家については「畑正憲」をご覧ください。
ムツゴロウ Mutsugoroh0809.jpg 分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii : スズキ目 Perciformes 亜目 : ハゼ亜目 Gobioidei : ハゼ科 Gobiidae 亜科 : オキスデルシス亜科 Oxudercinae : ムツゴロウ属 Boleophthalmus
Valenciennes,1837 : ムツゴロウ B. pectinirostris 学名 Boleophthalmus pectinirostris
(Linnaeus,1758) 英名 Bluespotted Mud Hopper

ムツゴロウ(鯥五郎、学名 Boleophthalmus pectinirostris )は、スズキ目・ハゼ科に属するの一種。潮が引いた干潟の上で生活するとして知られ、有明海八代海を含む東アジアに分布する。有明海沿岸ではムツホンムツなどと呼ばれる。

英語ではこれらを総称し"Mudskipper"(マッドスキッパー)と呼ぶ。

特徴・生態[編集]

 src=
干潮時に泥質干潟の上で活動するムツゴロウ、佐賀県佐賀市の東よか海岸(有明海)
 src=
水面から体半分を出して様子を伺うムツゴロウ
 src=
ムツゴロウの干物(2009年10月30日撮影)

成魚は全長15センチ・メートル、最大で20センチ・メートルに達する。同様に干潟上で見られるトビハゼの倍くらいの大きさになる。体色は褐色から暗緑色で、全身に白か青の斑点がある。両目は頭の一番高いところに突き出ていて、周囲を広く見渡せる。また、威嚇や求愛のときには二つの背鰭を大きく広げ、よく目立つ。

軟泥干潟に1メートルほどの巣穴を掘って生活する。満潮時・夜間・敵に追われたときなどは巣穴に隠れるが、昼間の干潮時には巣穴から這い出て活動する。干潟では胸びれで這ったり、全身で飛び跳ねて移動する。干潟の上で生活できるのは、皮膚と口の中に溜めた水で呼吸するためといわれる。陸上生活ができるとはいえ皮膚が乾くと生きることができず、ときにゴロリと転がって体を濡らす行動がみられる。直径2メートルほどの縄張りを持ち、同種だけでなく同じ餌を食べるヤマトオサガニなども激しく攻撃して追い払う。反対に、肉食性のトビハゼとは餌の競合はしないが、なわばりに入ってきたトビハゼに対しては、攻撃して追い払う。

植物食性で、干潟の泥の表面に付着している珪藻などの底生藻類を食べる。口は大きく、上顎にはとがった歯が生えているが、下顎の歯はシャベル状で前方を向いている。口を地面に押し付け、頭を左右に振りながら下顎の歯で泥の表面に繁殖した藻類を泥と一緒に薄く削り取って食べる。

1年のうちで最も活発に活動するのは初夏で、ムツゴロウ漁もこの時期に行われる。この時期にはオスがピョンピョンと跳ねて求愛したり、なわばり内に侵入した他のオスと背びれを立てて威嚇しあったり、猛獣のように激しく戦ったりする姿が見られる。メスは巣穴の横穴部分の天井に産卵し、オスが孵化するまで卵を守る。孵化した稚魚は巣穴から泳ぎだし、しばらく水中で遊泳生活を送るが、全長2センチ・メートルほどになると海岸に定着し干潟生活を始める。

分布[編集]

日本・朝鮮半島中国台湾に分布するが、日本での分布域は有明海と八代海に限られる。氷河期対馬海峡が陸続きだったころに東シナ海沿岸に大きな干潟ができ、その際にムツゴロウが大陸から移ってきたと考えられている(大陸系遺存種)。有明海・八代海の干潟は多良山系阿蘇山などの火山灰に由来する細かい質干潟で、干潟の泥粒が粗いと体が傷つき弱ってしまう。

利用[編集]

は晩春から初夏で、漁は引き潮の間に行われる。逃げるときはカエルのように素早く連続ジャンプするので、捕えるのは意外と難しい。巣穴に竹筒などで作った罠を仕掛けて巣穴から出てきたところを捕獲する「タカッポ」や、巧みにムツゴロウをひっかける「むつかけ」などの伝統漁法で漁獲される。

肉は柔らかくて脂肪が多い。新鮮なうちに蒲焼にするのが一般的で、死ぬと味も落ちる。ムツゴロウの蒲焼は佐賀県郷土料理の一つである。

陸上生活をすることから、水族館などでもよく飼育される。

保全状態評価[編集]

干拓などによる干潟の減少に乱獲も重なり、個体数は減少している。環境省の汽水・淡水魚類レッドリストでは、1991年版で「希少種」、1999年版で「絶滅危惧II類(VU)」だったが、2007年版では「絶滅危惧IB類(EN)」となり、絶滅の危険が高まっていると評価されている。

近縁種[編集]

ムツゴロウ属 Boleophthalmus は、インド太平洋域の干潟に数種類が分布するが、日本では有明海と八代海にムツゴロウ1種だけが分布する。

  • B. birdsongi Murdy,1989 - ニューギニアからオーストラリア北部
  • B. boddarti (Pallas,1770) - インド太平洋熱帯域
  • B. caeruleomaculatus McCulloch et Waite,1918 - ニューギニアからオーストラリア北部
  • B. dussumieri Valenciennes,1837 - イラクからインド
  • ムツゴロウ B. pectinirostris (Linnaeus,1758) - 東アジア

関連項目[編集]

参考文献[編集]

  • Boleophthalmus pectinirostris - Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2008.FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version(09/2008).
  • 川那部浩哉・水野信彦・細谷和海編『山渓カラー名鑑 改訂版 日本の淡水魚』(ムツゴロウ解説 : 岩田明久)ISBN 4-635-09021-3

外部リンク[編集]

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ウィキペディアの著者と編集者
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wikipedia 日本語

ムツゴロウ: Brief Summary ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語

ムツゴロウ(鯥五郎、学名 Boleophthalmus pectinirostris )は、スズキ目・ハゼ科に属するの一種。潮が引いた干潟の上で生活するとして知られ、有明海八代海を含む東アジアに分布する。有明海沿岸ではムツ、ホンムツなどと呼ばれる。

英語ではこれらを総称し"Mudskipper"(マッドスキッパー)と呼ぶ。

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짱뚱어 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

짱뚱어(Bluespotted mud hopper, 학명: Boleophthalmus pectinirostris[1])는 망둑어과의 어류이다. 철목어라고도 한다. 산란기 때 갯벌 속에 구덩이를 파고 천장에 알을 매달아 놓는다. 한국속담에“ 짱뚱이가 뛰니까 망둥이도 뛴다”라는 속담이 있다.

개요

짱뚱어는 대한민국 서해·남해 연안과 주변 하구(옥구, 영광, 영암, 벌교, 고흥, 신안, 무안)에서 흔하게 출현하였으나, 최근에는 연안 오염과 개발로 인하여 서해 연안에서 개체 수가 현저하게 감소되고 있다. 전라남도 고흥군득량만에는 아직도 비교적 많은 개체가 출현되고 있어 특별한 보호 조치가 요구된다. 중국, 일본, 미얀마, 말레이 제도 등지에 분포한다.[2]

형태

몸은 길며 뒷부분은 옆으로 납작하다. 머리는 높다. 눈은 머리 위로 돌출되어 있다. 위턱과 아래턱은 길이가 거의 같다. 가슴지느러미는 육질과 단단한 기조막으로 형성되어 있다. 제1등지느러미는 크고 부채 모양이다.[3]

서식

주로 동·식물성 플랑크톤을 먹이로 하며, 하구나 연안 지역의 갯벌에 구멍을 파고 서식한다. 서식공은 50~90 cm 의 깊이로 파고 내려가면서 출입공이 두 개인 Y자형을 만든다.[2]

식용

회로 먹거나 전골로 또는 튀김으로 요리해서 먹는다.

각주

  1. 국립생물자원관. “짱뚱어”. 《한반도의 생물다양성》. 대한민국 환경부.
  2. 짱둥어[깨진 링크(과거 내용 찾기)], 국립수산원 - 해양생물종다양성정보시스템, 2011년 8월 22일 확인
  3. 노세윤. 《민물고기 쉽게 찾기》.
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짱뚱어: Brief Summary ( Korean )

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짱뚱어(Bluespotted mud hopper, 학명: Boleophthalmus pectinirostris)는 망둑어과의 어류이다. 철목어라고도 한다. 산란기 때 갯벌 속에 구덩이를 파고 천장에 알을 매달아 놓는다. 한국속담에“ 짱뚱이가 뛰니까 망둥이도 뛴다”라는 속담이 있다.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia 작가 및 편집자