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Smallmouth Grunt

Haemulon chrysargyreum Günther 1859

Haemulon chrysargyreum ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum és una espècie de peix de la família dels hemúlids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

Morfologia

Els mascles poden assolir els 23 cm de longitud total.[2]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des del sud de Florida, les Bahames i la Península de Yucatán (Mèxic) fins al Brasil.[2]

Referències

  1. BioLib
  2. 2,0 2,1 FishBase (anglès)

Bibliografia

  • Günther, A. 1859. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the British Museum. Gasterosteidae, Berycidae, Percidae, Aphredoderidae, Pristipomatidae, Mullidae, Sparidae. Cat. Fishes v. 1: i-xxxi + 1-524.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River (Nova Jersey, Estats Units): Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
  • Robins, C.R. i G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 354 p.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum és una espècie de peix de la família dels hemúlids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum

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Haemulon chrysargyreum, the smallmouth grunt, bronze grunt, or yellowstripe grunt, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunt belonging to the family Haemulidae. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

Description

H. chrysargyreum is a small fish that can reach a maximum length of 23 cm, but a length of 17 cm is typical.[3][4] It has a short snout with an almost horizontal mouth which is small, the jaws normally not extending as far as the front margin of the pupil.[2] The inside of the mouth is red. It has a laterally compressed body with a forked caudal fin. Its background color is silver with five bronze-yellow horizontal lines on its sides.All fins, other than the pectoral fins are partially or completely yellow.[5] The dorsal fin contains 12 spines and 13 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 9-10 soft rays.[2]

Distribution and habitat

H. chrysargyreum is widespread throughout the western Atlantic Ocean from south Florida to the cost of Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.[3]

The adults inhabit exposed areas of coral reefs and rocky coasts up to 25 m deep.[3] Juveniles prefer hard substrates and around coral reefs or Thalassia sea grass beds.[1]

Biology

H. chrysargyreum is nocturnal, spending the daytime in schools near reefs or rocks and disperse at night to feed at the open sea. Their diet consists mainly of plankton, but also small crustaceans and other mollusks.[6] Off the Fernando de Noronha Islands of northeastern Brazil it has been observed that this species and the yellow goatfish (Mulloidichthys martinicus) mimic each other in colour and shape, allowing them to form mixed schools, which improves their ability to avoid predators that rely on vision for hunting.[1]

Systematics

H. chrysargyreum was first formally described in 1859 by German-born British ichthyologist and herpetologist Albert Günther (1830-1914), with the type locality given as Trinidad.[7] The specific name is a compound of the Greek chrysos meaning “gold” and argyreum meaning “silvery” a reference to the silvery background colour marked with gold streaks and stripes.[8]

Cuban zoologist Felipe Poey (1799-1891) described a species of grunt he named Haemulon taeniatum in 1860. He placed this species in the new genus Brachygenys in 1868. Poey’s taxon was later ascertained to be a junior synonym of Günther's.[9] Molecular studies have suggested that Haemulon sensu lato is polyphyletic because they showed that H. chrysargyreum clustered with Xenistius californiensis, rendering Haemulon as polyphyletic if Xenistius was not included.[10] The genus Brachygenys, was revived to include Xenistius californiensis, Haemulon chrysargyreum, Xenistius peruanus and Xenocys jessiae.[11] As Brachygenys is feminine the specific name is feminised to chrysargyrea.[9]

Uses

H. chrysargyreum is caught as bycatch in traps, the fish caught being sold fresh.[12] It is rare in the aquarium trade but is commoner in public aquarium displays.[13]

References

  1. ^ a b c Anderson, W.; Claro, R.; Cowan, J.; et al. (2017) [errata version of 2015 assessment]. "Haemulon chrysargyreum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T194417A115335430. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T194417A2333728.en. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Haemulon chrysargyreum" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
  3. ^ a b c Robins, C.R. & G.C. Ray (1986). A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. p. 354.
  4. ^ Courtenay, W.R. & H.F. Sahlman (1978). "Pomadasyidae". In W. Fischer (ed.). FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome.
  5. ^ "Species: Brachygenys chrysargyreum, Smallmouth grunt". Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean online information. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  6. ^ Cervigón, F. (1993). Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2 (in Spanish). Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. p. 497.
  7. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Haemulon". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  8. ^ Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (5 January 2021). "Order LUTJANIFORMES: Families HAEMULIDAE and LUTJANIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  9. ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Brachygenys". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  10. ^ Tavera, J.J.P; A.A., Balart; E.F.; et al. (2012). "Molecular phylogeny of grunts (Teleostei, Haemulidae), with an emphasis on the ecology, evolution, and speciation history of New World species". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (57). doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-57.
  11. ^ Paolo Parenti (2019). "An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Haemulidae (Teleostei: Perciformes)" (PDF). Iranian Journal of Ichthyology. 6 (3): 150–196.
  12. ^ Lindeman, K.C. (2002). "Haemulidae". In Kent E. Carpenter (ed.). The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 3: Bony fishes part 2 (Opistognathidae to Molidae) (PDF). FAO Species Identification Guides for Fisheries Purposes. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 5. FAO of the U.N., Rome. pp. 1522–1550.
  13. ^ "Haemulon chrysargyreum". Saltcorner!. Bob Goemans. 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2021.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Haemulon chrysargyreum, the smallmouth grunt, bronze grunt, or yellowstripe grunt, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunt belonging to the family Haemulidae. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum es una especie de peces de la familia Haemulidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

Morfología

• Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 23 cm de longitud total.[1]

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra desde el sur de Florida, las Bahamas y la Península de Yucatán (México) hasta el Brasil.

Referencias

  1. FishBase (en inglés)

Bibliografía

  • Fenner, Robert M.: The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune City, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: T.F.H. Publications, 2001.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette y D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos, 1997.
  • Hoese, D.F. 1986: . A M.M. Smith y P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín, Alemania.
  • Maugé, L.A. 1986. A J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse y D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB Bruselas; MRAC, Tervuren, Flandes; y ORSTOM, París, Francia. Vol. 2.
  • Moyle, P. y J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edición, Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: Prentice-Hall. Año 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edición. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: John Wiley and Sons. Año 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edición, Londres: Macdonald. Año 1985.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum es una especie de peces de la familia Haemulidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum ( Basque )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum Haemulon generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Haemulidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Haemulon chrysargyreum FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Haemulon chrysargyreum: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum Haemulon generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Haemulidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum ( French )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum, communément nommé gorette tibouche ou grogneur à petite bouche, est une espèce de poisson de la famille des Haemulidae.

Description

Le grogneur à petite bouche est un poisson de petite taille qui peut atteindre une longueur maximale de 23 cm, cependant les spécimens habituellement rencontrés n’excèdent guère 17 cm de long[2],[3]. Son corps compressé latéralement, doté d'une nageoire caudale fourchue, possède une teinte de fond gris argenté avec cinq lignes jaunes horizontales réparties sur les flancs. Toutes les nageoires sont partiellement ou entièrement jaunes. Et son nom vernaculaire est issu du fait qu'il possède la plus petite bouche de sa famille.

Distribution & habitat

Le grogneur à petite bouche est présent dans les eaux tropicales et subtropicales de l'Océan Atlantique ouest soit du sud de la Floride aux côtes du Brésil incluant le Golfe du Mexique et la Mer des Caraïbes[4].

Ce grogneur fréquente les zones exposées des récifs coralliens et des côtes rocheuses jusqu'à 25 mètres de profondeur[2].

Biologie

Les grogneurs à petite bouche vivent la journée en banc à proximité des récifs ou des roches et se dispersent le soir pour se nourrir en pleine mer. Leur régime alimentaire se compose essentiellement de plancton mais aussi de petits crustacés et autres mollusques[5].

Notes et références

  1. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), www.itis.gov, CC0 https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK, consulté le 19 janvier 2015
  2. a et b Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
  3. Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman, 1978. Pomadasyidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome.
  4. Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
  5. Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum: Brief Summary ( French )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum, communément nommé gorette tibouche ou grogneur à petite bouche, est une espèce de poisson de la famille des Haemulidae.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum ( Italian )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum (Günther, 1859) è un pesce osseo marino appartenente alla famiglia Haemulidae[2].

Distribuzione e habitat

H. chrysargyreum è endemico dell'oceano Atlantico occidentale tropicale con areale che va dallaFlorida meridionale alle isole brasiliane Atol das Rocas e Fernando de Noronha comprendendo le Bahamas e il mar dei Caraibi[1][3][4].

Frequenta le barriere coralline e i fondi duri in posizioni esposte al mare, è comune fra i coralli ramificati del genere Acropora. I giovanili si trovano soprattutto nelle praterie di Thalassia[1][3][4].

La distribuzione batimetrica va da 0 a 25 metri di profondità[3].

Descrizione

Questa specie ha corpo abbastanza affusolato, con dorso poco elevato. Gli occhi sono grandi mentre la bocca è orizzontale, piccola, e non raggiunge la verticale del bordo anteriore della pupilla, il muso è corto. La colorazione è argentea con 5 o 6 strisce gialle longitudinali disposte anche sul ventre; le strisce sono dritte e di larghezza uniforme. Le pinne sono gialle[3][4].

La taglia massima raggiunge i 23 cm, comunemente si attesta attorno ai 17 cm[3].

Biologia

Comportamento

Durante il giorno staziona in banchi nei pressi delle formazioni coralline mentre di notte si sposta in acque aperte per nutrirsi[1][3][4]. Forma gruppi misti con il mullide Mulloidichthys martinicus, che ha colorazione simile[1]. È una specie timida, difficile da approcciare[4].

Alimentazione

Si nutre di zooplancton[5] soprattutto copepodi, anfipodi, ostracodi, gamberetti e stadi larvali di crostacei[1]. Rientrano nella sua dieta anche crostacei, molluschi[5] e policheti[4] bentonici[5].

Riproduzione

Si tratta di una specie ovipara[3].

Predatori

La letteratura cita casi di predazione da parte dello squalo Carcharhinus perezii[6]

Pesca

Vista la piccola taglia viene pescato solo occasionalmente e non ha importanza economica[1].

Conservazione

H. chrysargyreum è da comune ad abbondante in tutto l'areale e non è soggetta a pesca commerciale o sportiva. L'unica minaccia che ipoteticamente potrebbe mettere a rischio questa specie è la degradazione degli habitat costieri utilizzati dai giovanili. La lista rossa IUCN classifica questa specie come "a rischio minimo"[1].

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h (EN) Haemulon chrysargyreum, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) Bailly, N. (2015), Haemulon chrysargyreum, in WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species). URL consultato il 27 giugno 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g (EN) Haemulon chrysargyreum, su FishBase. URL consultato il 27 giugno 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d e f R. Myers E. Lieske, Collins Pocket Guide: Coral Reef Fishes - Indo-Pacific and Caribbean, Harper Collins Publishers, 1996, ISBN 0002199742.
  5. ^ a b c (EN) Food items reported for Haemulon chrysargyreum, su FishBase. URL consultato il 27 giugno 2021.
  6. ^ (EN) Organisms Preying on Haemulon chrysargyreum, su FishBase. URL consultato il 27 giugno 2021.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum (Günther, 1859) è un pesce osseo marino appartenente alla famiglia Haemulidae.

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Haemulon chrysargyreum ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

Haemulon chrysargyreum is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van grombaarzen (Haemulidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1859 door Günther.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Haemulon chrysargyreum. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
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Haemulon chrysargyreum ( Polish )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum - gatunek morskiej ryby promieniopłetwej z rodziny luszczowatych.

Występowanie

Wody wokół rafy koralowe zachodniego Atlantyku .

Osiąga długość do 25 cm. Pożywienie stanowi zooplankton, bentosowe skorupiaki i mięczaki.

Przypisy

  1. Haemulon chrysargyreum, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).

Bibliografia

  • Dimitrij Strelnikoff: Wielka encyklopedia zwierząt, tom 24, str. 28. Oxford Educational. ISBN 978-83-7425-924-8.
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Haemulon chrysargyreum: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Haemulon chrysargyreum - gatunek morskiej ryby promieniopłetwej z rodziny luszczowatych.

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