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Biology

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The marsh moth lays its eggs on meadowsweet and low-growing plants in the same habitats. The caterpillar feeds from June until September before overwintering. It pupates in April or May, and emerges from late May to June. Males will come to lights after midnight, but it has also been seen flying at dawn.
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Conservation

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The marsh moth is listed in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP), and is included in English Nature's Species Recovery Programme. Because of its secretive and unpredictable appearances, it has been difficult to assess the true status of this species. At one site on the Lincolnshire coast, a method of monitoring the species has been to build piles of leaf litter, which attract the moth larvae and which seem to like the micro-climate As there are a large number of recorded historical sites for the marsh moth, it is intended that surveys for this elusive species will continue. It is also hoped that an 'ideal' habitat management regime for this moth will be established, based on the results of this monitoring.
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Description

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This moth is highly secretive and unpredictable in its appearances. There is a noticeable size difference between the male and the female, the male being about one third larger. Both sexes have buff brown upperwings with those of the female appearing slightly darker. The underwings are pale, creamy-brown with darker veins. The female's thorax also appears darker brown than that of the male.
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Habitat

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This species prefers marginal fenland and marshy places amongst sand-dunes.
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Range

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Once recorded from several counties in England, the marsh moth is now found only on two (but possibly four) sites in Lincolnshire. Previously, it was found in Huntingdonshire, Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Yorkshire and Cumbria, with old records from Hampshire. The marsh moth is also found across most of Europe as far north as the Arctic Circle, and as far east as Siberia and Mongolia.
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Status

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Classified as Rare in the UK
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Threats

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The major threats to this species are drainage and changes of land use. Overgrazing is also thought to be a problem.
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Athetis pallustris

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Athetis pallustris, the marsh moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in most of Europe, the southern Urals, southern Russia, Ukraine, eastern Turkey, Siberia, the Amur region, the Russian Far East, Mongolia and northern China.

Technical description and variation

P. palustris Hbn. (= lutea Frr., luteola Frr., exilis Ev.) Male forewing dull grey brown, somewhat sparsely scaled; inner and outer lines slightly darker, indistinct; orbicular stigma an elongate dark point; reniform a narrow dark lunule; submarginal line faint, preceded by a dark shade, stronger at costa; hindwing paler fuscous; the smaller female has the wings much darker, brownish fuscous, — the form aboleta Guen., from Norway and Lapland, is decidedly paler, the forewing more ochreous with less distinct markings; the hindwing whiter: — melanochroa Stgr. from Amurland is much darker fuscous in both sexes: — sajana Hmps. is a greyer form. Larva brownish; dorsal line whitish; head black.[1] The wingspan is 18–34mm.

Biology

The males are considerably larger. The females have more rounded forewings and tend to fly less readily. Adults are on wing from May to June.

The larvae feed on various low-growing plants such as Plantago species (including Plantago major).

References

  1. ^ Warren. W. in Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

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Athetis pallustris: Brief Summary

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Athetis pallustris, the marsh moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in most of Europe, the southern Urals, southern Russia, Ukraine, eastern Turkey, Siberia, the Amur region, the Russian Far East, Mongolia and northern China.

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