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Manyspike Flatsedge

Cyperus polystachyos Rottb.

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Cyperus polystachyos is polymorphic. Adequate understanding of the infraspecific variations of C. polystachyos requires a worldwide examination, which is beyond the scope of this study. The segregates, C. fugax and C. filicinus, are recognized here; they have been usually accepted by recent workers (e.g., M. L. Fernald 1950; H. A. Gleason and A. Cronquist 1991).
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of North America Vol. 23: 142, 159, 160, 184 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Herbs, perennial (annual?), cespitose. Culms trigonous or ± terete, (3–)20–45(–70) cm × (0.8–) 1.2–2 mm, glabrous. Leaves (2–) 6–10(–16), flat to V-shaped, (2–) 10–30(–60) cm × 1–4 mm. Inflorescences: spike 1, loosely ovoid to densely turbinate, 12–40 × 10–25 mm; rachis 3–10 mm; rays 1–8(–12), 0.5–3(–6) cm; 2d order rays absent; if rays absent, inflorescence single dense cluster of spikelets, 12–40 mm diam.; bracts (3–)4–6(–7), horizontal to ascending at 45°, flanged V-shaped, (2–)5–15(–23) cm × 1–4 mm. Spikelets (5–)15–30(–40), spreading to appressed-ascending, linear-lanceoloid to linear, compressed, 8–18(–40) × (1–)1.3–1.6(–2) mm; floral scales (8–)12–25(–66), laterally stramineous to light brown, medially green, laterally ribless, medially 3–5-ribbed, oblong, (1.5–)1.8–2.4 × (1–)1.2–1.4 mm, apex acute to ± acute, mucronate. Flowers: stamens 2; anthers (0.4–)0.5–0.8 mm, connective not prolonged; styles 0.6–1(–1.4) mm; stigmas (1–)1.4–2 mm. Achenes light to dark brown, oblong, (0.8–)0.9–1.1(–1.2) × 0.4–0.5(–0.6) mm, base cuneate to ± stipelike, apex truncate, apiculate, surfaces punctate to minutely punctate with raised cells.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 142, 159, 160, 184 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Distribution

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Ala., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Miss., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Okla., Pa., S.C., Tex., Va., W.Va.; Mexico; Central America; South America; Asia; Africa.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 142, 159, 160, 184 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flowering/Fruiting

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Fruiting summer–early fall.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 142, 159, 160, 184 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Habitat

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Shores, ditches, swales between dunes; 0–200m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 142, 159, 160, 184 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Cyperus brizaeus J. Presl & C. Presl; C. polystachyos var. leptostachyus Boeckeler; Pycreus polystachyos (Rottbøll) Palisot de Beauvois
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 23: 142, 159, 160, 184 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Chile Central
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Universidad de Santiago de Chile
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Pablo Gutierrez
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Cyperus polystachyos ( Azerbaijani )

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Cyperus polystachyos (lat. Cyperus polystachyos) - cilkimilər fəsiləsinin topalaq cinsinə aid bitki növü.

Mənbə

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Cyperus polystachyos: Brief Summary ( Azerbaijani )

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Cyperus polystachyos (lat. Cyperus polystachyos) - cilkimilər fəsiləsinin topalaq cinsinə aid bitki növü.

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Cyperus polystachyos

provided by wikipedia EN

Cyperus polystachyos, also known as Pycreus polystachyos, and also called manyspike flatsedge in the US,[3] or bunchy sedge,[4][5] coast flatsedge, many-spiked sedge or Texas sedge in Australia,[5] is a herbaceous species in the family Cyperaceae, widespread in tropical and subtropical areas around the world, sometimes extending its range into temperate regions.[2]

Description

The rhizomatous, perennial or annual grass-like sedge typically grows to a height of 0.15 to 0.6 metres (0.5 to 2.0 ft). It blooms between summer and winter and produces green-brown flowers.[4] The stems are rigid with a thickness of 1 to 3 millimetres (0.039 to 0.118 in). Stems are glabrous with a triangular cross-section. The leaves are very narrow, around 1 to 4 mm (0.039 to 0.157 in) with a grass-like appearance and are often tufted at the base of the plant. The seed-head is an irregular cluster formation at the tip of the stem with brown spikes that have three to six green leafy bracts underneath.[5]

Distribution

It is common in the Neotropics as a weed in grass lawns.

In Australia the species is widespread in warmer climates and found from sea level to an altitude of around 1,020 metres (3,346 ft). The species is found along rivers and creeks in a range of ecosystems from rainforest, melaleuca forest, vine thickets, eucalypt forest and swamps in a variety of woodland and grassland areas including in salty mud and marshes of the ocean shore.[6]

In Australia the species is found mostly in coastal location, north of Perth in Western Australia[4] and through the Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales.[5]

In the United States, it has been reported from a region stretching from Texas to Maine.[3][7][8]

See also

References

Data related to Cyperus polystachyos at Wikispecies

Media related to Cyperus polystachyos at Wikimedia Commons

  1. ^ Rehel, S.; Lansdown, R.V. (2018). "Cyperus polystachyos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T164195A120160815. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T164195A120160815.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ a b "Cyperus polystachyos". plants.usda.gov. USDA. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
  4. ^ a b c "Cyperus polystachyos". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  5. ^ a b c d "bunchy sedge Cyperus polystachyos". Weed Identification tool. Brisbane City Council. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
  6. ^ F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Cyperus polystachyos". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants (RFK). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  7. ^ Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map
  8. ^ Flora of North America, Vol. 23 Page 160, Cyperus polystachyos Rottbøll, Descr. Pl. Rar. 21. 1772.
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Cyperus polystachyos: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Cyperus polystachyos, also known as Pycreus polystachyos, and also called manyspike flatsedge in the US, or bunchy sedge, coast flatsedge, many-spiked sedge or Texas sedge in Australia, is a herbaceous species in the family Cyperaceae, widespread in tropical and subtropical areas around the world, sometimes extending its range into temperate regions.

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Cyperus polystachyos ( Indonesian )

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Cyperus polystachyos adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Cyperaceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Poales. Spesies Cyperus polystachyos sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus Cyperus.[1] Nama ilmiah dari spesies ini pertama kali diterbitkan oleh Rottb..

Referensi

  1. ^ "Cyperus". The Plant List. Diakses tanggal 20 Maret 2015.




 src= Artikel bertopik tumbuhan ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.
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Cyperus polystachyos: Brief Summary ( Indonesian )

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Cyperus polystachyos adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Cyperaceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Poales. Spesies Cyperus polystachyos sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus Cyperus. Nama ilmiah dari spesies ini pertama kali diterbitkan oleh Rottb..

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Cyperus polystachyos ( Vietnamese )

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Cyperus polystachyos, hay Pycreus polystachyos là một loài thân thảo trong họ Cyperaceae. Chúng được phát hiện ở một vùng đất từ Texas đến Maine.[1][2][3][4]

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến phân họ cói Cyperoideae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Cyperus polystachyos: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Cyperus polystachyos, hay Pycreus polystachyos là một loài thân thảo trong họ Cyperaceae. Chúng được phát hiện ở một vùng đất từ Texas đến Maine.

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イガガヤツリ ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語
イガガヤツリ Pycreus.jpg
イガガヤツリ
分類APG III : 植物界 Plantae 階級なし : 被子植物 angiosperms 階級なし : 単子葉類 monocots 階級なし : ツユクサ類 commelinids : イネ目 Poales : カヤツリグサ科 Cyperaceae : カヤツリグサ属 Cyperus : イガガヤツリ
C. polystachyos 学名 Cyperus polystachyos Rottb.

イガガヤツリカヤツリグサ属の一種で、海岸近くに見られる雑草である。多数の小穂が集まった様子がクリのイガのように見える。

特徴[編集]

一年草-多年草で、湿ったところによく生え、土壌の種類を選ばない[1]

根茎は短く、数本の茎がまとまって出る。ただしそれほど大きな株を作るものではない。根出葉ははじめは発達するが、花茎が伸びると次第になくなる。花茎は真っすぐに立ち上がり、断面は三角をしている。

花序は花茎の先端に一つ着く。1-2.5cmの扁平な線形の小穂が頭状に集まり穂状花序を形成する[1]。その様子が一点から尖った小穂が突き出すようになるので、和名はこれをイガに見立てたものである。花序の基部からは小穂より長く葉状によく発達した苞が数枚出る。

小穂は左右から偏平、長さ10-25mm、披針形で先がとがり、20-40の小花を2列につける[1]。鱗片は狭卵形、その一部は赤錆色になる。果実は黒く熟し、倒卵形、断面は三角で稜が主軸を向く。柱頭は2。

生育環境[編集]

日当たりがよい、湿った場所にはえる。海岸線に多く、海岸汽水域の水辺にもよく見られる。しかし、いわゆる海浜植物のように海水に面した場所だけに出る、というものではなく、海岸近くであれば道端や水田などにもよく見かける。水田などでは一年草のようにふるまうようである。より内陸で見ることもある。

分布[編集]

熱帯アジア原産[1]。日本では本州の関東以南、四国、九州、琉球列島南西諸島に見られる。国外ではアジアからアフリカ、南ヨーロッパ、オーストラリア、太平洋諸島、南アメリカにわたる広い分布域をもつ[1]

利害[編集]

特に何もない。水田雑草として出現することもあるが、それほど激しく繁茂することもない。

類似種など[編集]

同様の場所で観察できるものには多くの種があるが、大きさが中程度、ということではカヤツリグサコゴメガヤツリなどは小穂が頭状に集まらない。タマガヤツリは小穂が頭状になるが先端が尖らず、また全体に柔らかい。カワラスガナも頭状に集まるが、これは小穂が小判型をしている。ヒメクグヒンジガヤツリは頭状の花序がより密集した球形となる。

分類[編集]

カヤツリグサ属に含めるが、細分属を認める場合もある。柱頭が2であること、果実の稜が主軸を向くことから狭義のカヤツリグサ属(柱頭は3、果実は三角で主軸には面が向く)と区別し、カワラスガナ属(Pycreus)を認める場合があり、イガガヤツリはこれに含める。その場合の学名は Pycreus polystachys (Rottb.) P. Beauv. である。

参考文献[編集]

  1. ^ a b c d e 竹松哲夫・一前宣正 共著 『世界の雑草〈3〉単子葉類』 全国農村教育協会、1997年、p.167-168、ISBN 9784881370667
  • 佐竹義輔・大井次三郎・北村四郎他『日本の野生植物 草本I 単子葉植物』(1982)平凡社
  • 北村四郎・村田源・小山鐵夫『原色日本植物図鑑 草本編(III)・単子葉類(改定49刷)』(1987):保育社
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イガガヤツリ: Brief Summary ( Japanese )

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イガガヤツリはカヤツリグサ属の一種で、海岸近くに見られる雑草である。多数の小穂が集まった様子がクリのイガのように見える。

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wikipedia 日本語