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Nepenthes smilesii

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Nepenthes smilesii (/nɪˈpɛnθz ˈsmlzi, - smˈlzi/) is a tropical pitcher plant native to northeastern Thailand, southern Laos, Cambodia,[3][4] and Vietnam.[5][6][7] Nepenthes smilesii can tolerate an extended dry season and is most common in open, sandy savannah and grassland.[6]

The specific epithet smilesii refers to plant collector Frederick Henry Smiles, who made the first known collection of this species.[5]

Botanical history

Nepenthes anamensis[note a] is a heterotypic synonym of N. smilesii.[5][6] Its conservation status appears as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List.[1]

Nepenthes smilesii was referred to as N. anamensis throughout most of the 20th century.[5] Further confusion resulted from the erroneous labelling of N. smilesii plants as N. thorelii in the horticultural trade.[5] In Pitcher Plants of the Old World, Stewart McPherson lists N. mirabilis f. smilesii and N. mirabilis var. smilesii as synonyms of N. smilesii,[5] but Marcello Catalano considers these to represent normal forms of N. mirabilis.[6]

Description

Nepenthes smilesii is a climbing plant growing to a height of 5 m.[5]

Its leaves are sessile and coriaceous (leathery) in texture. They are very narrowly linear, reaching 40 cm in length while only up to 4 cm wide.[5]

Ecology

In Kirirom National Park, Cambodia (~700 m asl)

Nepenthes smilesii has a widespread distribution throughout Indochina. It has been recorded from Cambodia,[4] northeastern Thailand, southern Laos, and western Vietnam.[5][6] The species occurs across a wide range of altitudes, being recorded from elevations of 16[4]–1500 m above sea level, although it is more typically found at around 800 m.[5]

Nepenthes smilesii is notable among the Indochinese Nepenthes for experiencing extreme lows of temperature.[5]

Individual specimens of a natural hybrid between N. smilesii and N. mirabilis have been recorded from Cambodia.[8]

Related species

Nepenthes smilesii appears most closely allied to N. kongkandana and may be difficult to distinguish from that species. It differs primarily in the shape of its laminae, which are linear to lanceolate with an acute apex, as opposed to obovate with an acuminate apex in the latter.[6] Nepenthes smilesii also differs in having shorter tendrils and a narrower peristome.[5]

Notes

a.^ Nepenthes anamensis is pronounced /nɪˈpɛnθz ˌænəˈmɛnsɪs/. The specific epithet is derived from Annam, a former territory in central Vietnam.

References

  1. ^ a b Clarke, C.M. (2018). "Nepenthes smilesii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T49004395A143971709. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T49004395A143971709.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ Macfarlane, J.M. 1908. Nepenthaceae. In: A. Engler. Das Pflanzenreich IV, III, Heft 36: 1–91.
  3. ^ Mey, F.S. 2010. "Introduction to the pitcher plants (Nepenthes) of Cambodia" (PDF). Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2010(2): 106–117.
  4. ^ a b c Mey, F.S. 2009. N. smilesii in Kampot, Cambodia. Carnivorous Plants in the tropics.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  6. ^ a b c d e f (in Italian) Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague.
  7. ^ Nunn, R. & C.N.A. Vu 2016. An account of the Nepenthes species of Vietnam. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 45(3): 93–101.
  8. ^ Mey, F.S., L.H. Truong, D.V. Dai & A.S. Robinson 2011. Nepenthes thorelii, an emended description and novel ecological data resulting from its rediscovery in Tay Ninh, Vietnam. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 104–131.
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Nepenthes smilesii: Brief Summary

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Nepenthes smilesii (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˈsmaɪlziaɪ, - smaɪˈliːziaɪ/) is a tropical pitcher plant native to northeastern Thailand, southern Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Nepenthes smilesii can tolerate an extended dry season and is most common in open, sandy savannah and grassland.

The specific epithet smilesii refers to plant collector Frederick Henry Smiles, who made the first known collection of this species.

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Nepenthes smilesii ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Nepenthes smilesii es una planta de jarra tropical nativa del noreste de Tailandia, el sur de Laos, Camboya,[2][3]​ y Vietnam.[4][5][6]Nepenthes smilesii puede tolerar una estación seca prolongada y es más común en sabanas arenosas y praderas abiertas.[5]

El epíteto específico smilesii se refiere al coleccionista de plantas Frederick Henry Smiles, que hizo la primera colección conocida de esta especie.[4]

Historia botánica

Nepenthes anamensis es un sinónimo heterotípico de la N. smilesii.[4][5]​ Su estado de conservación aparece como dato deficiente en la Lista Roja de la UICN.[7]

Nepenthes smilesii se denominó N. anamensis durante la mayor parte del siglo XX.[4]​ La confusión adicional resultó del etiquetado erróneo de plantas de N. smilesii como N. thorelii en el comercio hortícola.[4]​ En Plantas de Jarra del Viejo Mundo, Stewart McPherson lista N. mirabilis f. Smilesii y N. mirabilis var. Smilesii como sinónimos de la N. smilesii,[4]​ pero Marcello Catalano considera que éstos representan formas normales de N. mirabilis.[5]

Descripción

Nepenthes smilesii es una planta trepadora que crece a una altura de 5 m.[4]​ Sus hojas son sésiles y coriáceas (coriáceas) en textura, muy estrechas lineales, alcanzando 40 cm de longitud y solo hasta 4 cm de ancho.[4]

 src=
Planta en roseta con jarras bajas
 src=
Jarra

Ecología

 src=
Nepenthes smilesii, Kampot, Camboya (16 m asl)
 src=
Nepenthes smilesii, Kirirom National Park, Camboya (~700 m asl)

Nepenthes smilesii tiene una distribución generalizada en toda Indochina. Se ha registrado desde Camboya,[3]​ el noreste de Tailandia, el sur de Laos y el oeste de Vietnam.[4][5]​ La especie se encuentra en un amplio rango de altitudes, y se registra desde elevaciones de 16 [3] a 1500 m sobre el nivel del mar, aunque se encuentra más a 800 m.[4]

Nepenthes smilesii es notable entre los Nepenthes indochinos por tolerar temperaturas extremadamente bajas.[4]​ Se han registrado especímenes individuales de un híbrido natural entre N. smilesii y N. mirabilis de Camboya.[8]

Especies relacionadas

Nepenthes smilesii aparece más estrechamente relacionado con N. kongkandana y puede ser difícil distinguirlo de esa especie. Difiere principalmente en la forma de sus láminas, que son lineales a lanceoladas con un ápice agudo, en oposición a obovado con un ápice acuminado en el último.[4]Nepenthes smilesii también difiere en tener zarcillos más cortos y un peristoma más estrecho.[4]

Referencias

  1. Macfarlane, J.M. 1908. Nepenthaceae. In: A. Engler. Das Pflanzenreich IV, III, Heft 36: 1–91.
  2. Mey, F.S. 2010. «Introduction to the pitcher plants (Nepenthes) of Cambodia.». Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2010(2): 106–117.
  3. a b Mey, F.S. 2009. N. smilesii in Kampot, Cambodia. Carnivorous Plants in the tropics.
  4. a b c d e f g h i j k l m McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  5. a b c d e (en italiano) Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague.
  6. Nunn, R. & C.N.A. Vu 2016. An account of the Nepenthes species of Vietnam. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 45(3): 93–101.
  7. Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba 2000. Nepenthes anamensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006.
  8. Mey, F.S., L.H. Truong, D.V. Dai & A.S. Robinson 2011. Nepenthes thorelii, an emended description and novel ecological data resulting from its rediscovery in Tay Ninh, Vietnam. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 104–131.
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Nepenthes smilesii: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Nepenthes smilesii es una planta de jarra tropical nativa del noreste de Tailandia, el sur de Laos, Camboya,​​ y Vietnam.​​​ Nepenthes smilesii puede tolerar una estación seca prolongada y es más común en sabanas arenosas y praderas abiertas.​

El epíteto específico smilesii se refiere al coleccionista de plantas Frederick Henry Smiles, que hizo la primera colección conocida de esta especie.​

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Nepenthes smilesii ( Italian )

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Nepenthes smilesii Hemsl., 1895 è una pianta carnivora della famiglia Nepenthaceae[2], diffusa in Thailandia, Cambogia, Laos e Vietnam, dove cresce a 0–1500 m.

Conservazione

La Lista rossa IUCN classifica Nepenthes smilesii come specie a rischio minimo.[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Clarke, C.M. 2018, Nepenthes smilesii, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020. URL consultato il 6/1/2020.
  2. ^ (EN) Nepenthes smilesii, in Plants of the World Online, Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL consultato il 6/1/2020.

Bibliografia

  • Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague.
  • McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

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Nepenthes smilesii: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Nepenthes smilesii Hemsl., 1895 è una pianta carnivora della famiglia Nepenthaceae, diffusa in Thailandia, Cambogia, Laos e Vietnam, dove cresce a 0–1500 m.

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Nepenthes smilesii ( Portuguese )

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Nepenthes smilesii é uma planta tropical nativa no nordeste da Tailândia, no sudeste de Laos e Camboja[2][3] e no leste do Vietnã.[4][5] Descrita em 1895, faz parte da família Nepenthaceae.[6]

Referências

  1. Macfarlane, J.M. 1908. Nepenthaceae. In: A. Engler. Das Pflanzenreich IV, III, Heft 36: 1–91.
  2. Mey, F.S. 2010. Introduction to the pitcher plants (Nepenthes) of Cambodia. PDF Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2010(2): 106–117.
  3. Mey, F.S. 2009. N. smilesii in Kampot, Cambodia. Carnivorous Plants in the tropics.
  4. McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  5. (em italiano) Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague.
  6. Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba 2000. Nepenthes anamensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006.

Bibliografia

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Nepenthes smilesii: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Nepenthes smilesii é uma planta tropical nativa no nordeste da Tailândia, no sudeste de Laos e Camboja e no leste do Vietnã. Descrita em 1895, faz parte da família Nepenthaceae.

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斯迈尔斯猪笼草 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

斯迈尔斯猪笼草学名Nepenthes smilesii)原产于泰国东北部、老挝南部、柬埔寨[2][3]越南西部[4][5]。斯迈尔斯猪笼草可耐受长期的干旱。其常见于开阔、砂质稀树草原及草原中。[5]

种加词smilesii”来源于该物种的发现者弗雷德里克·亨利·斯迈尔斯(Frederick Henry Smiles)[4]

植物学史

安南猪笼草N. anamensis)}}[注 1]是斯迈尔斯猪笼草的一个同物异名。[4][5]斯迈尔斯猪笼草已被列入《2006年世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录》中。[6]

20世纪的大部分时间,斯迈尔斯猪笼草都被称之为安南猪笼草。[4]在园艺贸易中其也出现了进一步的混乱,斯迈尔斯猪笼草被以高棉猪笼草N. thorelii的名称出售。[4]在《旧大陆的猪笼草》中,斯图尔特·麦克弗森把斯迈尔斯猪笼草标记为奇异猪笼草斯迈尔斯变型N. mirabilis f. smilesii及奇异猪笼草斯迈尔斯变种N. mirabilis var. smilesii[4]马尔切洛·卡塔拉诺甚至认为斯迈尔斯猪笼草就是奇异猪笼草N. mirabilis的普通变型。[5]

形态特征

 src=
斯迈尔斯猪笼草的下位笼
 src=
斯迈尔斯猪笼草的上位笼

斯迈尔斯猪笼草为藤本植物,茎可长达5米。[4]

斯迈尔斯猪笼草的叶片无柄革质,为窄线形,可长达30厘米,宽仅可达4厘米。[4]

生态关系

 src=
产于柬埔寨贡布省的斯迈尔斯猪笼草,海拔16米
 src=
产于柬埔寨基里隆国家公园的斯迈尔斯猪笼草,海拔约700米

斯迈尔斯猪笼草广泛分布于整个中南半岛。其存在于泰国东北部、老挝南部、柬埔寨[3]越南西部。[4][5]斯迈尔斯猪笼草海拔分布范围也很广,为海拔16米[3]至1500米,但大部分种群分布于海拔约800米处。[4]

斯迈尔斯猪笼草是中南半岛猪笼草属植物中一种可耐受较低温度的猪笼草。[4]

已在柬埔寨记录到了斯迈尔斯猪笼草与奇异猪笼草自然杂交种的个别标本。[7]

相关物种

斯迈尔斯猪笼草与空堪达猪笼草N. kongkandana之间存在着密切的近缘关系,它们有着相似的外表,可能很难区分。斯迈尔斯猪笼草的叶片为线形至披针形叶尖急尖,而空堪达猪笼草为倒卵形,叶尖为渐尖[5]除此之外,斯迈尔斯猪笼草的笼蔓较短,而唇较窄。[4]

注释

  1. ^ 安南猪笼草的种加词anamensis”来源于原位于越南中部的安南保護國

参考文献

  1. ^ Macfarlane, J.M. 1908. Nepenthaceae. In: A. Engler. Das Pflanzenreich IV, III, Heft 36: 1–91.
  2. ^ Mey, F.S. 2010. Introduction to the pitcher plants (Nepenthes) of Cambodia.PDF Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2010(2): 106–117.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Mey, F.S. 2009. N. smilesii in Kampot, Cambodia. Carnivorous Plants in the tropics.
  4. ^ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 (意大利文) Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague.
  6. ^ Nepenthes anamensis. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2006. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2000.
  7. ^ Mey, F.S., L.H. Truong, D.V. Dai & A.S. Robinson 2011. Nepenthes thorelii, an emended description and novel ecological data resulting from its rediscovery in Tay Ninh, Vietnam. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 104–131.

扩展阅读

 src= 維基共享資源中有關斯迈尔斯猪笼草的多媒體資源  src= 維基物種中有關斯迈尔斯猪笼草的數據

猪笼草属 Nepenthes 列表
物种

寬葉豬籠草
源小猪笼草
拟翼状猪笼草
翼状猪笼草
白猪笼草
白环猪笼草
阿札潘山猪笼草
苹果猪笼草
安达曼猪笼草
昂嘎桑猪笼草
附盖猪笼草
阿金特猪笼草
马兜铃猪笼草
阿滕伯勒猪笼草
贝卡利猪笼草
贝里猪笼草
本斯通猪笼草
二齿猪笼草
波哥猪笼草
邦苏猪笼草
博世猪笼草
豹斑猪笼草
伯克猪笼草
风铃猪笼草
塞西尔猪笼草
象岛猪笼草
陈氏猪笼草
熙德猪笼草
圆盾猪笼草
柯普兰猪笼草
丹瑟猪笼草

N. adnata
N. abgracilis
N. abalata
N. alata
N. alba
N. albomarginata
N. alzapan
N. ampullaria
N. andamana
N. angasanensis
N. appendiculata
N. argentii
N. aristolochioides
N. attenboroughii
N. beccariana
N. bellii
N. benstonei
N. bicalcarata
N. bokorensis
N. bongso
N. boschiana
N. burbidgeae
N. burkei
N. campanulata
N. ceciliae
N. chang
N. chaniana
N. cid
N. clipeata
N. copelandii
N. danseri

迪安猪笼草
密花猪笼草
上位猪笼草
滴液猪笼草
疑惑猪笼草
爱德华猪笼草
鞍型猪笼草
附生猪笼草
真穗猪笼草
绝灭猪笼草
艾玛猪笼草
法萨猪笼草
杏黄猪笼草
暗色猪笼草
甘通山猪笼草
无毛猪笼草
有腺猪笼草
小花猪笼草
小猪笼草
瘦小猪笼草
裸瓶猪笼草
钩唇猪笼草
汉密吉伊坦山猪笼草
赫姆斯利猪笼草
刚毛猪笼草
粗毛猪笼草
霍尔登猪笼草
胡瑞尔猪笼草
无刺猪笼草
卓越猪笼草
泉氏猪笼草

N. deaniana
N. densiflora
N. diatas
N. distillatoria
N. dubia
N. edwardsiana
N. ephippiata
N. epiphytica
N. eustachya
N. extincta
N. eymae
N. faizaliana
N. flava
N. fusca
N. gantungensis
N. glabrata
N. glandulifera
N. graciliflora
N. gracilis
N. gracillima
N. gymnamphora
N. hamata
N. hamiguitanensis
N. hemsleyana
N. hirsuta
N. hispida
N. holdeni
N. hurrelliana
N. inermis
N. insignis
N. izumiae

贾桂琳猪笼草
马桶猪笼草
容洪猪笼草
贡布猪笼草
克尔猪笼草
印度猪笼草
奇坦兰山猪笼草
克罗斯猪笼草
空堪达猪笼草
仓田猪笼草
蓝姆猪笼草
熔岩猪笼草
莱昂纳多猪笼草
莱特岛猪笼草
小舌猪笼草
长叶猪笼草
劳氏猪笼草
麦克法兰猪笼草
大叶猪笼草
大型平庸猪笼草
马达加斯加猪笼草
曼塔灵阿汉山猪笼草
马普鲁山猪笼草
马索亚拉半岛猪笼草
大猪笼草
美林猪笼草
小瓮猪笼草
迈克猪笼草
棉兰老岛猪笼草
惊奇猪笼草
奇异猪笼草

N. jacquelineae
N. jamban
N. junghuhnii
N. kampotiana
N. kerrii
N. khasiana
N. kitanglad
N. klossii
N. kongkandana
N. kurata
N. lamii
N. lavicola
N. leonardoi
N. leyte
N. lingulata
N. longifolia
N. lowii
N. macfarlanei
N. macrophylla
N. macrovulgaris
N. madagascariensis
N. mantalingajanensis
N. mapuluensis
N. masoalensis
N. maxima
N. merrilliana
N. micramphora
N. mikei
N. mindanaoensis
N. mira
N. mirabilis

柔毛猪笼草
山地猪笼草
姆鲁山猪笼草
毛律山猪笼草
龙猪笼草
内格罗斯岛猪笼草
新几内亚猪笼草
黑猪笼草
诺斯猪笼草
卵形猪笼草
巴拉望岛猪笼草
圆锥猪笼草
巴布亚猪笼草
盾葉毛豬籠草
伯威尔猪笼草
有柄猪笼草
菲律宾猪笼草
细毛猪笼草
皮托庞猪笼草
宽唇猪笼草
美丽猪笼草
莱佛士猪笼草
馬來王豬籠草
岔刺猪笼草
拉莫斯猪笼草
两眼猪笼草
菱茎猪笼草
硬叶猪笼草
罗伯坎特利猪笼草
罗恩猪笼草

N. mollis
N. monticola
N. muluensis
N. murudensis
N. naga
N. negros
N. neoguineensis
N. nigra
N. northiana
N. ovata
N. palawanensis
N. paniculata
N. papuana
N. peltata
N. pervillei
N. petiolata
N. philippinensis
N. pilosa
N. pitopangii
N. platychila
N. pulchra
N. rafflesiana
N. rajah
N. ramispina
N. ramos
N. reinwardtiana
N. rhombicaulis
N. rigidifolia
N. robcantleyi
N. rowanae

萨马岛猪笼草
血红猪笼草
萨兰加尼猪笼草
辛布亚岛猪笼草
欣佳浪山猪笼草
斯迈尔斯猪笼草
匙叶猪笼草
显目猪笼草
窄叶猪笼草
苏门答腊猪笼草
素叻猪笼草
苏里高猪笼草
塔蓝山猪笼草
坚韧猪笼草
毛盖猪笼草
细猪笼草
泰国猪笼草
高棉猪笼草
多巴猪笼草
托莫里猪笼草
特勒布猪笼草
宝特瓶猪笼草
波叶猪笼草
超基猪笼草
维奇猪笼草
葫芦猪笼草
维耶亚猪笼草
长毛猪笼草
绿猪笼草
佛氏猪笼草

N. samar
N. sanguinea
N. saranganiensis
N. sibuyanensis
N. singalana
N. smilesii
N. spathulata
N. spectabilis
N. stenophylla
N. sumatrana
N. suratensis
N. surigaoensis
N. talangensis
N. tenax
N. tentaculata
N. tenuis
N. thai
N. thorelii
N. tobaica
N. tomoriana
N. treubiana
N. truncata
N. undulatifolia
N. ultra
N. veitchii
N. ventricosa
N. vieillardii
N. villosa
N. viridis
N. vogelii

未完全描述的类群:阿尼帕汉山猪笼草 N. sp. Anipahan • 吕宋岛猪笼草 N. sp. Luzon • 米苏尔岛猪笼草 N. sp. Misool
自然杂交种

阿里猪笼草
石龙门猪笼草
坎特利猪笼草
雪线猪笼草
红脉猪笼草

N. × alisaputrana
N. × bauensis
N. × cantleyi
N. × cincta
N. × ferrugineomarginata

哈里猪笼草
虎克猪笼草
基纳巴卢山猪笼草
古晋猪笼草
美翼猪笼草

N. × harryana
N. × hookeriana
N. × kinabaluensis
N. × kuchingensis
N. × merrilliata

妙翼猪笼草
潘丘卢保山猪笼草
梨形猪笼草
沙捞越猪笼草
沙礼花-哈萨猪笼草

N. × mirabilata
N. × pangulubauensis
N. × pyriformis
N. × sarawakiensis
N. × sharifah-hapsahii

毛果猪笼草
宝翼猪笼草
特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草
曾氏猪笼草
红瓶猪笼草

N. × trichocarpa
N. × truncalata
N. × trusmadiensis
N. × tsangoya
N. × ventrata

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斯迈尔斯猪笼草: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

斯迈尔斯猪笼草(学名:Nepenthes smilesii)原产于泰国东北部、老挝南部、柬埔寨越南西部。斯迈尔斯猪笼草可耐受长期的干旱。其常见于开阔、砂质稀树草原及草原中。

种加词“smilesii”来源于该物种的发现者弗雷德里克·亨利·斯迈尔斯(Frederick Henry Smiles)。

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
维基百科作者和编辑