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Bracelet Honey Myrtle

Melaleuca armillaris (Gaertner) Smith

Melaleuca armillaris ( Azerbaijani )

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Melaleuca armillaris (lat. Melaleuca armillaris) - mərsinkimilər fəsiləsinin çay ağacı cinsinə aid bitki növü.

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Melaleuca armillaris: Brief Summary ( Azerbaijani )

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Melaleuca armillaris (lat. Melaleuca armillaris) - mərsinkimilər fəsiləsinin çay ağacı cinsinə aid bitki növü.

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Melaleuca armillaris ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Melaleuca armillarisbracelet honey myrtle en anglès— és una planta de la família de les mirtàcies que es distribueix pel sud d'Austràlia. El nom genèric Melaleuca prové de les paraules gregues melas que significa fosc o negre i leucon que significa blanc, en referència aparentment a les tonalitats blanques de les branques més joves i fosques dels troncs que tenen més edat.[4] L'epítet específic armillaris significa circumdat, anellat a la manera de braçalet o collar, probablement per la disposició dels fruits al voltant de la tija.[5]

És un petit arbre d'àmplia difusió amb una alçada màxima d'uns 3 o 4 metres amb una amplada màxima d'uns 4 a 5 metres. El port acostuma a ser arbustiu si no es poda, es pot podar com a arbre amb un tronc simple. El tronc és gris, que pot pelar-se en tires, ja que es va trencant amb el pas del temps. Les fulles són estretes, alternes, de forma linear, recurvades i molt aromatitzades. De color verd intens. Les flors són de color blanc-groc intens que creixen en espigues cilíndriques denses de fins a 7,5cm de llarg, sobre els branquillons de l'any anterior. Els fruits són en una càpsula globosa d'uns 3-4 mm de diàmetre.

Normalment es planta de manera ornamental en zones costaneres, ja que hi és tolerant, per guarnir passejos i avingudes. Es poda seguint la forma arbòria amb un sol tronc. També és un arbre adequat per a petits patis de les cases natives australianes. És un arbre atractiu per als ocells.

Referències

  1. Melaleuca armillaris va ser descrita per James Edward Smith i publicada a Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 3: 277. 1797. (Trans. Linn. Soc. London) «Melaleuca armillaris». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. [Consulta: 19 maig 2015].
  2. «Melaleuca armillaris» a EOL. Data consulta: 19 de maig de 2015.
  3. «Melaleuca armillaris a The Plant List» (en anglès). [Consulta: 19 maig 2015].
  4. http://aciar.gov.au/files/mn156-prelims_1.pdf
  5. http://www.arbolesornamentales.es/Melaleucaarmillaris.htm
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Melaleuca armillaris: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Melaleuca armillaris —bracelet honey myrtle en anglès— és una planta de la família de les mirtàcies que es distribueix pel sud d'Austràlia. El nom genèric Melaleuca prové de les paraules gregues melas que significa fosc o negre i leucon que significa blanc, en referència aparentment a les tonalitats blanques de les branques més joves i fosques dels troncs que tenen més edat. L'epítet específic armillaris significa circumdat, anellat a la manera de braçalet o collar, probablement per la disposició dels fruits al voltant de la tija.

És un petit arbre d'àmplia difusió amb una alçada màxima d'uns 3 o 4 metres amb una amplada màxima d'uns 4 a 5 metres. El port acostuma a ser arbustiu si no es poda, es pot podar com a arbre amb un tronc simple. El tronc és gris, que pot pelar-se en tires, ja que es va trencant amb el pas del temps. Les fulles són estretes, alternes, de forma linear, recurvades i molt aromatitzades. De color verd intens. Les flors són de color blanc-groc intens que creixen en espigues cilíndriques denses de fins a 7,5cm de llarg, sobre els branquillons de l'any anterior. Els fruits són en una càpsula globosa d'uns 3-4 mm de diàmetre.

Normalment es planta de manera ornamental en zones costaneres, ja que hi és tolerant, per guarnir passejos i avingudes. Es poda seguint la forma arbòria amb un sol tronc. També és un arbre adequat per a petits patis de les cases natives australianes. És un arbre atractiu per als ocells.

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Melaleuca armillaris ( German )

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Melaleuca armillaris ist eine in Australien heimische Pflanzenart aus der Familie der Myrtengewächse (Myrtaceae).

Merkmale

Melaleuca armillaris ist ein Strauch und erreicht Wuchshöhen von bis zu 5 m. Die Borke ist hart und korkartig. Die Blätter stehen wechselständig, sind linealisch, 12–25 mm lang und etwa 1 mm breit. Die Spitze ist zurückgebogen, spitz, kahl. Der Blattstiel ist 1–2 mm lang.[1]

Die Blütenstände sind vielblütige, dichte Ähren von 3–7 cm Länge. Sie stehen tief an den Zweigen. Die Blütenstandsachse ist kahl bis wollig. Die Blüten stehen einzeln in den Achseln von Hochblättern. Sie sind weiß, selten rosa. Die Kronblätter sind oval und 2–3 mm lang.[1]

Die Frucht ist kurz zylindrisch und hat einen Durchmesser von 3–5 mm. Die Öffnung ist 2–4 mm groß. Die Kelchblätter verbleiben an der Frucht.[1]

Verbreitung und Standorte

Melaleuca armillaris ist in Australien heimisch und kommt in den Bundesstaaten New South Wales, Victoria und Tasmanien vor. Sie ist verbreitet in Heide-Gesellschaften, oft in Küstennähe anzutreffen.[1]

Belege

  1. a b c d Melaleuca armillaris auf New South Wales Flora online, abgerufen 4. September 2012.

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Melaleuca armillaris: Brief Summary ( German )

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Melaleuca armillaris ist eine in Australien heimische Pflanzenart aus der Familie der Myrtengewächse (Myrtaceae).

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Melaleuca armillaris

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Melaleuca armillaris, commonly known as bracelet honey myrtle, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, and is native to South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania in south-eastern Australia. It is a hardy, commonly grown species, often used as a fast-growing screen plant, but it also has the potential to become a weed. It has become naturalised in Western Australia and parts of Victoria. In its natural state, it grows on coastal cliffs and along estuaries.

Description

Bracelet honey myrtle ranges from a large shrub to a small weeping tree growing to 8 m (30 ft) in height. It has rough, grey fibrous bark, distinctive decumbent branching and dense foliage. The leaves are arranged in alternating pairs ("decussate") at right angles to the pairs above and below so that they appear to be in four rows along the stem.[2] (One source[3] describes the leaves as being spirally arranged and another as being alternate.[4]) The leaves are 4.5–19 mm (0.2–0.7 in) long, 0.8–4 mm (0.03–0.2 in) wide and glabrous except when very young, linear to narrow oval in shape, with the end tapering to a distinct hook.[2][3][4]

The flowers are white, sometimes cream-coloured, rarely pink, and are arranged in cylindrical spikes on the sides of branches, often on older wood. The spikes are up to 50 mm (2.0 in) long and 25 mm (0.98 in) in diameter and contain a large number of individual flowers. The petals are 1.5–3 mm (0.06–0.1 in) long and fall off as the flower matures. The stamens are arranged in five bundles known as staminal claws, which are 3–4.9 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long with each bundle containing eight to 18 stamens. The flowering season is mostly spring to early summer and is followed by fruit which are woody capsules, 2.3–4.5 mm (0.09–0.2 in) long and about 5 mm (0.2 in) in diameter, in cylindrical clusters along the branches.[2][3][4]

Inflorescence showing stamen bundles

Taxonomy and naming

The species was first formally described in 1788 by Joseph Gaertner in De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum[5] from specimens collected by Joseph Banks during an expedition of James Cook to Australia. It was then given the name Metrosideros armillaris by Daniel Solander.[6] The species was renamed Melaleuca armillaris in 1797 by James Edward Smith in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London.[7][8] The specific epithet (armillaris) is from the Latin armilla, meaning "a bracelet", apparently in reference to the appearance of the cylinder of fruits on the branches.[2]

The two subspecies are:

  • Melaleuca armillaris subsp. armillaris which is the more common and widespread subspecies;[9]
  • Melaleuca armillaris. subsp. akineta F.C.Quinn[10] which has shorter stamens and fewer flowers in the inflorescence.[2][3]

Distribution and habitat

Subspecies armillaris occurs in coastal areas south of the Manning River district in New South Wales to far eastern Victoria, some of the Bass Strait islands including Curtis Island and the far north eastern corner of Tasmania. It is also naturalised in other parts of Victoria, the Australian Capital Territory, the south of South Australia and the south-west of Western Australia.[2] It is especially common on the far south coast of New South Wales. It grows naturally on coastal headlands and clifftops, often in dense heath. Subspecies akineta is only found in the Gawler Ranges of South Australia, where it grows on ridges and granite outcrops.[2][3]

Cultivation

Melaleuca armillaris is cultivated as a fast-growing windbreak or screening plant. It is hardy and will grow in most soils and aspects, resistant to salt spray and suitable for growing under power lines.[11]

Ecology

This melaleuca is regarded as a serious environmental weed in some locations especially in Victoria. It replaces local species and increases fuel loads making areas more prone to bushfires. After a bushfire, the problem is increased because of the plants' releasing large numbers of seeds after fire. In South Australia, it is a problem in the Mount Lofty Ranges, Adelaide Hills, and Kangaroo Island. In Western Australia, the problems occur in coastal areas of the south-west of that state.[12]

Bracelet honey myrtle is a preferred food of species of sawfly (order Hymenoptera, suborder Symphaptera), especially the long-tailed sawfly Pterygophorus facielongus, which can rapidly defoliate an entire tree.[13]

References

  1. ^ a b "Melaleuca armillaris". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Brophy, Joseph J.; Craven, Lyndley A.; Doran, John C. (2013). Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. p. 80. ISBN 9781922137517.
  3. ^ a b c d e Holliday, Ivan (2004). Melaleucas : a field and garden guide (2nd ed.). Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Reed New Holland Publishers. pp. 24–25. ISBN 1876334983.
  4. ^ a b c "Melaleuca armillaris". Plantnet: Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  5. ^ Gaertner, Joseph (1788). De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum. Vol. 1. p. 171. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  6. ^ "Metrosideros armillaris". APNI. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  7. ^ "Melaleuca armillaris". APNI. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  8. ^ Smith, James Edward (1797). "Botanical Characters of Some Plants of the Natural Order of Myrti". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 3: 277. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  9. ^ "Melaleuca armillaris subsp. armillaris". APNI. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  10. ^ "Melaleuca armillaris subsp. akineta". APNI. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  11. ^ Wrigley, John; Fagg, Murray (1983). Australian native plants : a manual for their propagation, cultivation and use in landscaping (2nd ed.). Sydney: Collins. p. 261. ISBN 0002165759.
  12. ^ "Bracelet honey-myrtle". Queensland government. Retrieved 25 January 2018.
  13. ^ "Sawflies". Australian Museum. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Melaleuca armillaris.
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Melaleuca armillaris: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Melaleuca armillaris, commonly known as bracelet honey myrtle, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, and is native to South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania in south-eastern Australia. It is a hardy, commonly grown species, often used as a fast-growing screen plant, but it also has the potential to become a weed. It has become naturalised in Western Australia and parts of Victoria. In its natural state, it grows on coastal cliffs and along estuaries.

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Melaleuca armillaris ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Melaleuca armillaris ("bracelet honey myrtle") es una planta nativa de Australia del Sur y Victoria, en el sureste de Australia. También cuenta con una subespecie , Melaleuca armillaris sub. akineta, que se encuentra en el sur de Australia.

Descripción

Melaleuca armillaris oscila de tamaño entre un arbusto grande con un pequeño árbol que alcanza hasta los 5 metros de altura. Tiene una distintiva ramificación decumbentes y ramitas con hojas lineales estrechas de 1 mm de ancho. Las flores se disponen en inflorescencias cilíndricas, con garras estaminales conspicuas de 5-6m m de largo.

Cultivo

Melaleuca armillaris se cultiva como un árbol ornamental en parques y jardines. Se utiliza como un árbol de especímenes decumbentes que llegan al suelo y en grandes plantaciones de contenedores. Tolera condiciones secas.

 src=
Melaleuca armillaris - flores.

Taxonomía

Melaleuca armillaris fue descrita por (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Sm. y publicado en Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 3: 277. 1797.[1]

Sinonimia
  • Melaleuca armillaris subsp. armillaris
  • Melaleuca ericifolia Andrews
  • Melaleuca taxifolia Schltdl. ex Spreng.
  • Metrosideros armillaris Sol. ex Gaertn.
  • Myrtoleucodendron armillare (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Kuntze

Referencias

  1. «Melaleuca armillaris». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultado el 2 de enero de 2014.

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Melaleuca armillaris: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Melaleuca armillaris ("bracelet honey myrtle") es una planta nativa de Australia del Sur y Victoria, en el sureste de Australia. También cuenta con una subespecie , Melaleuca armillaris sub. akineta, que se encuentra en el sur de Australia.

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Melaleuca armillaris ( French )

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  • Pays d'origine : Australie
  • Catégorie : arbuste
  • Croissance : lente
  • Fleurs : blanches
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Melaleuca armillaris ( Vietnamese )

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Melaleuca armillaris là một loài thực vật bản địa Nam ÚcVictoria ở đông nam Australia. Nó có một phụ loài, Melaleuca armillaris sub. akineta, mọc ở Nam Úc. Loài cây này cao đến 5 mét. Đây là loài cây được trồng ở công viên và vườn.

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Hoa của Melaleuca armillaris

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Melaleuca armillaris: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Melaleuca armillaris là một loài thực vật bản địa Nam ÚcVictoria ở đông nam Australia. Nó có một phụ loài, Melaleuca armillaris sub. akineta, mọc ở Nam Úc. Loài cây này cao đến 5 mét. Đây là loài cây được trồng ở công viên và vườn.

 src= Hoa của Melaleuca armillaris
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