Eriocapitella japonica is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. The specific epithet japonica means "from Japan",[2] which is a misnomer since the species is introduced in Japan. It is native to China, Taiwan, and Vietnam.[1]
Eriocapitella japonica is a perennial herbaceous plant that stands 60 to 90 cm (2 to 3 ft) high. Plant parts are soft and downy, with short hairs. The basal leaves are ternate, lobed, and toothed. The inflorescence is a cyme with flower stalks rising from a whorl of leaves wrapped around the top of the stem. Each flower is approximately 5 to 7.5 cm (2.0 to 3.0 in) across, with 1–3 whorls of sepals (but no petals) and yellow stamens. The sepals are rosy purple or carmine in color. The fruits are silky achenes.[3]
Eriocapitella japonica was described by Takenoshin Nakai in 1941.[4] Like other members of genus Eriocapitella, E. japonica was formerly a member of genus Anemone. The historically important synonym Anemone hupehensis var. japonica (Thunb.) Bowles & Stearn was described in 1947.[5]
E. japonica has the longest taxonomic history of any member of genus Eriocapitella. The basionym Atragene japonica Thunb. was described by Carl Thunberg in 1784.[6] Thunberg, one of the Apostles of Linnaeus, had collected dried specimens while working as a doctor for the Dutch East Indies Company.[7]
E. japonica was previously known as Anemone japonica (Thunb.) Siebold & Zucc. The latter had at least three named varieties: A. j. var. hupehensis, A. j. var. hybrida, and A. j. var. tomentosa,[8] now known as E. hupehensis, E. × hybrida, and E. tomentosa, respectively. Along with E. vitifolia, E. japonica is a parent of the hybrid E. × hybrida.[9]
Eriocapitella japonica is native to Central China, East China, South China, Taiwan, and Vietnam.[1] It has been cultivated and naturalized in the following Chinese provinces:[10]
E. japonica was introduced to Japan and Korea.[1] It has been naturalized in Japan for hundreds of years.[11]
Eriocapitella japonica along with four other taxa (E. hupehensis, E. vitifolia, E. tomentosa, and E. × hybrida) are known as fall-blooming anemones.[12] Like E. hupehensis, E. japonica flowers from July to October in its native habitat.[10]
Varieties of Eriocapitella japonica are cultivated worldwide, especially in China, Japan, and Korea, where naturalized populations are known to exist. Hundreds of years ago, a form of E. hupehensis with smaller, semi-double flowers and pink sepals escaped cultivation and spread across China to Japan and Korea. After finding this form in a Shanghai graveyard in 1843, the plant explorer Robert Fortune sent it home to England where it became known as E. japonica, the Japanese anemone. European horticulturists crossed the Japanese anemone with E. vitifolia to produce cultivars of the artificial hybrid E. × hybrida.[11]
At the Chicago Botanic Garden, Rudy experimented with 26 cultivars of fall-blooming anemones over a 5-year period beginning in 1998. His experiments included 4 cultivars of E. japonica, one of which (E. japonica 'Prinz Heinrich') had the longest bloom length (65 days) of any cultivar.[12]
As of March 2020, the following cultivars have gained the Award of Garden Merit (AGM) from the Royal Horticultural Society:[17]
The cultivar E. japonica 'Prinz Heinrich' was removed from the AGM list in 2013.
Eriocapitella japonica is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. The specific epithet japonica means "from Japan", which is a misnomer since the species is introduced in Japan. It is native to China, Taiwan, and Vietnam.
Clematis japonica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Mao lương. Loài này được Thunb. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1784.[1]
Clematis japonica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Mao lương. Loài này được Thunb. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1784.
ハンショウヅル（半鐘蔓、学名: Clematis japonica Thunb.[1]）は、キンポウゲ科センニンソウ属のつる性低木。和名は、下向きに咲く花の形を半鐘にたとえたことに由来する[2]。
木質のつる植物で落葉性[3]。葉は長さ4-9 cmの卵形の三出複葉で対生する[4]。花柄の長さは6-12 cmで、先端に紅紫色の鐘形の花を1個下向きに付ける[3][4]。花期は5-6月[4]。痩果は長さ約6 cmの長卵形で、花柱の長さは3-4 cm[3]。
花の内部
日本の本州、九州に分布する[4]。主に温帯の地域に分布し、林縁や林内に生育する[3]。
この項目は、植物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（プロジェクト:植物／Portal:植物）。 
