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Uhaloa

Waltheria indica L.

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Waltheria indica is sometimes grown as an ornamental and is used medicinally.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of China Vol. 12: 321 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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Description

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Erect or ascending subshrubs, up to 1 m tall, multi-branched. Branchlets densely puberulent. Petiole 0.5-1 cm; leaf blade ovate or long elliptic-ovate, 2.5-4.5 × 1.5-3 cm, both surfaces densely puberulent, base rounded or shallowly cordate, margin serrulate, apex obtuse. Inflorescence cymose, capitate,
axillary; peduncle nearly absent to 1.5 cm. Epicalyx lobes nar-rowly lanceolate, ca. 4 mm. Calyx tube-shaped, 5-lobed, 3-4 mm, lobes triangular, much longer than tube. Petals yellowish, spatulate, apex truncate, slightly longer than sepals. Filament tube enclosing ovary. Ovary sessile, puberulent; style inserted obliquely; stigma fimbriate. Capsule obovoid, ca. 3 mm, hairy, 1-seeded, enclosed by persistent calyx. Seed obovate, very small. Fl. summer-autumn.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 12: 321 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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Habitat & Distribution

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Weed. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [pantropical].
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of China Vol. 12: 321 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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Synonym

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Waltheria americana Linnaeus; W. americana var. indica (Linnaeus) K. Schumann; W. indica var. americana (Linnaeus) R. Brown ex Hosaka; W. makinoi Hayata.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of China Vol. 12: 321 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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Derivation of specific name

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indica: of India
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Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
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Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Waltheria indica L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=140030
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Mark Hyde
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Bart Wursten
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Petra Ballings
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Description

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Erect shrubby perennial, up to 50 cm. Most parts of the plant are covered in short shiny hairs. Leaves narrowly lanceolate with irregularly toothed margins. Flowers in dense axillary clusters, yellow.
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bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Waltheria indica L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=140030
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Mark Hyde
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Bart Wursten
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Petra Ballings
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Frequency

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Common
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Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
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Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Waltheria indica L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=140030
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Mark Hyde
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Bart Wursten
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Petra Ballings
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Insects whose larvae eat this plant species

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Hyalites eponina (Dancing acraea or Small orange acraea)
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Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
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Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Waltheria indica L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=140030
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Mark Hyde
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Bart Wursten
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Petra Ballings
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Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Isla de Pascua
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Pablo Gutierrez
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Distribution ( Portuguese )

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Chile Central
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Universidade Estadual de CAMPINAS
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Pablo Gutierrez
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Comprehensive Description

provided by Smithsonian Contributions to Botany
Waltheria indica var. americana (L.) R. Brown ex Hosaka

Waltheria indica var. americana (L.) R. Brown ex Hosaka, Occ. Pap. Bishop Mus. 13:224, 1937.

Waltheria americana L., Sp. Pl. 673, 1753.

SPECIMEN SEEN.—“Owhai-hee” (Hawaii) David Nelson (MO).

This specimen, collected on Captain Cook’s Third Voyage, shows that this species is either indigenous in Hawaii or was brought by the Hawaiians (or the Spaniards, if they really visited Hawaii earlier than 1776).

Hawaiian material agrees with that from America in being densely velutinous rather than thinly so, as is that from the western Pacific and southern Asia. The two forms are often regarded as belonging to one species for which Waltheria indica L. is the correct name, or to two distinct species.

We are accepting the view that one pantropical species is involved. The rather conspicuous difference in density of indument may be recognized by maintaining var. americana for the predominantly American densely hairy form and var. indica for the more thinly pubescent Old World plant. Over its wide geographic range Waltheria indica produces many local forms distinguishable by other characters, but these have usually not been afforded taxonomic recognition.

Robert Brown (1818:484) said, “Waltheria indica L. I consider W. americana to be a variety of this sportive species, which seems to be common to all equinoctial countries.” Although this satisfies Article 57 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature on choice of name when two simultaneously published species are united, and, indeed, is cited as one of the examples to illustrate the application of this article, it does not constitute valid publication of the required combination for var. americana according to Article 33, as it does not indicate that the epithet indica is to be used in the combination W. indica var. americana. Apparently the first usage of this combination was by Hosaka as cited above. He did not cite the basionym but according to Article 33 this only seems to have been a requirement for valid publication of a new combination since 1 January 1953. Citation of R. Brown as author with “L.” in parentheses can be considered a sufficient indirect reference.

Guillemin (1837:365) made the reverse reduction, making the combination “Waltheria americana β indica Linn. Spec. 941.” This was done later than Robert Brown’s publication, so may be disregarded except in synonymy of Waltheria indica var. indica.

Frankenia L.
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bibliographic citation
Fosberg, F. Raymond and Sachet, Marie-Hélène. 1975. "Polynesian Plant Studies 1-5." Smithsonian Contributions to Botany. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.21

Comprehensive Description

provided by Smithsonian Contributions to Botany
Waltheria indica L

Waltheria indica L., Sp. Pl., 673, 1753.

This species was published by Linnaeus simultaneously with W. americana. The two were combined by R. Brown, as detailed below. Var. indica does not occur in Hawaii.
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bibliographic citation
Fosberg, F. Raymond and Sachet, Marie-Hélène. 1975. "Polynesian Plant Studies 1-5." Smithsonian Contributions to Botany. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.21

Waltheria americana ( Asturian )

provided by wikipedia AST

El malvariscu[1] (Waltheria americana), ye una especie de parrotal perteneciente a la familia Sterculiaceae. Ye orixinaria d'América, África y sur d'Asia.[2]

Dellos autores considerar un sinónimu de Waltheria indica

 src=
Detalle de la planta
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Nel so hábitat

Descripción

Ye una planta herbal a arbustiva. Tien les fueyes grueses, oblongues de 3-6 cm de llargu, con pelos estrellaos. Les flores son sésiles y de color mariellu. El frutu presentar en diminutes cápsules.[3]

Ecoloxía

La planta ye l'alimentu de les polilles Eublemma anachoresis.

Propiedaes

Aplicar nel tratamientu de desordes del aparatu dixestivu, principalmente la foria, nos estaos de Guerrero, Michoacán, Nayarit, Sonora, Veracruz, Yucatán, Morelos y nel Distritu Federal.

Polo xeneral, puede ocupase cualesquier parte de la planta alministrada per vía oral, sacante en casos de feríes o úlceras na piel, nes cualos aplícase en forma de llavadures. Ye asina, que la planta entera encamentar pa detener la foria. El raigañu contra la disentería, pa ”pedear” y pa tratar l'empache (de comida) que s'anicia pola ingestión d'alimentos descompuestos, y que provoca dolor d'estómagu, foria bien fuerte y calentura. El remediu consiste en preparar un té col raigañu d'esta especie xuntu cola de guinarcito (Sida acuta), más estopa de cocoteru (Cocos nucifera), canela (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), corteza de pinzán (Pithecellobium duce) y de guazima (Guazuma ulmifolia), el té da delles vegaes al día, pero enantes se soba el llombu y l'estómagu. Entemecida col raigañu de estamasuchil (Tecoma stans), en cocimientu y amestando cenices de pajoso (escrementu secu del ganáu), tómase cuando hai ”recrudecimiento del estómagu”.

Hestoria

A finales del sieglu XVIII, Vicente Cervantes menta: les fueyes son anodinas, emolientes madurantes y escuédigues.

Más información atopar hasta'l sieglu XX, cuando Maximino Martínez reportar como: antidiarreico, antipirético, depurativu, pa les dermatosis y pa les feríes.

Química

De les cañes de W. indica aislláronse los flavonoides gossipetín, herbacetín y les sos beta-glucorónidos, camferol y la beta-galactósido y el éster glucosídico de vitexín; el compuestu fenílico: acedu cafeico y los alcaloides peptídicos adonetinas X, Y y Z.[4]

Taxonomía

Waltheria americana describióse por Carlos Linneo y espublizóse en Auctarium ad Synopsim Methodicam Stirpium Horti Reg. Taurinensis, 15, 1773.[5]

Sinonimia

Nome común

Tapacola, escobillo blancu, yerba blanco, yerba del ánxel, yerba del cáncer, yerba del plasmu, yerba del soldáu, lavaplato, malva de monte, manrubio, saca mantega, tapaculo, tapanalgas, yerba del tapaculo;[4]

Ver tamién

Referencies

  1. Miner Solá, Y. (2008). Flores de Puertu Ricu y exótiques, 2ª revisada, Puertu Ricu:Sevilibros. ISBN 0-9633435-5-6.
  2. http://data.gbif.org/species/13741327
  3. http://www.arboretum.ufm.edu/llantes/catalogo.asp?id=165&ltr=m&campu=nombrecomun
  4. 4,0 4,1 En Medicina tradicional mexicana
  5. 5,0 5,1 «Waltheria americana». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultáu'l 30 d'avientu de 2013.

Bibliografía

  1. Baillon, H. 1882-1894. Liste de plantes de Madagascar. Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 330–1199 (sporadic pagination). View in Biodiversity Heritage Library
  2. Breedlove, D. Y. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Llistaos Floríst. Méxicu 4: i–v, 1–246.
  3. Foster, R. C. 1958. A catalogue of the ferns and flowering plants of Bolivia. Contr. Gray Herb. 184: 1–223.
  4. Hochreutiner, B. P. G. 1908. Sertum madagascariense. Etude systematique de deux collections de plantes a Madagascar par M.M. J. Guillot et H. Rusillon. Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11/12: 35–135.
  5. Kearney, T. H., R. H. Peebles & collaborators 1960. Arizona Fl. (ed. 2) 1032 pp.
  6. Macbride, J. F. 1956. Sterculiaceae, Flora of Peru. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13(3A/2): 622–667.
  7. Peréz, A., M. S. S., A. M. Hanan, F. Chiang & P. Tenorio 2005. Vexetación terrestre. Biodiver. Tabasco 65–110.
  8. Reyes-García, A. & M. Sousa S. 1997. Depresión central de Chiapas. La Selva baxa caducifolia. Llistaos Floríst. Méxicu 17: 1–41.
  9. Rutenberg, C. 1880-1889. Reliquiae Rutenbergianae. Abh. Naturwiss. Vereine Bremen 7(1): 1-54; 7(2): 198-214; 7(3): 335-365; 9(4): 401-403; 10(3): 369-396.
  10. Shreve, F. & I. L. Wiggins 1964. Vegetation and Flora of the Sonoran Desert. Veg. Fl. Sonoran Deas. 2 vols.
  11. Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.Y. Fl. i-xxii, 1-1554. View in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
  12. y Sousa S., M. & Y. F. Cabrera C. 1983. Flora de Quintana Roo. Llistaos Floríst. Méxicu 2: 1–100.
  13. Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark 1949. Sterculiaceae. In Standley, P.C. & Steyermark, J.A. (Eds), Flora of Guatemala - Part VI. Fieldiana, Bot. 24(6): 403–428.

Enllaces esternos

Cymbidium Clarisse Austin 'Best Pink' Flowers 2000px.JPG Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Botánica, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies.
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Waltheria americana: Brief Summary ( Asturian )

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Waltheria americana

El malvariscu (Waltheria americana), ye una especie de parrotal perteneciente a la familia Sterculiaceae. Ye orixinaria d'América, África y sur d'Asia.

Dellos autores considerar un sinónimu de Waltheria indica

 src= Detalle de la planta  src= Nel so hábitat
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Waltheria indica ( German )

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Atrophaneura hector an Waltheria indica

Waltheria indica ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Familie der Malvengewächse (Malvaceae).

Beschreibung

Waltheria indica ist ein aufrechter oder niederliegender Halbstrauch, der stark verzweigt ist und Wuchshöhen bis zu einem Meter erreicht. Die jungen Zweige sind dicht feinflaumig. Die Blattstiele sind 0,5 bis 1 Zentimeter lang. Die Blattspreite ist 2,5 bis 4,5 Zentimeter lang, 1,5 bis 3 Zentimeter breit, eiförmig bis lang elliptisch-eiförmig und auf Ober- und Unterseite dicht feinflaumig. Die Blattbasis ist abgerundet bis leicht herzförmig, der Blattrand ist leicht gesägt und die Blattspitze stumpf. Der Blütenstand ist zymös, köpfchenförmig und achselständig. Die Blütenstandsachse kann fast fehlen oder Längen bis 1,5 Zentimeter erreichen. Die Lappen des Außenkelchs sind ungefähr 4 Millimeter groß und fast lanzettlich. Der Kelch ist 3 bis 4 Millimeter groß, röhrenförmig und fünflappig. Die Lappen sind dreieckig und um einiges länger als die Röhre. Die Kronblätter sind spatelförmig, gelblich, mit gestutzter Spitze und etwas länger als die Kelchblätter. Die Staubröhre umschließt den Fruchtknoten. Der Fruchtknoten ist sitzend und flaumig behaart. Die Griffel sind schräg eingefügt. Die Narbe ist fransig. Die Kapsel ist ungefähr 3 Millimeter groß, verkehrteiförmig, haarig, einsamig und von einem bleibenden Kelch eingeschlossen. Die Samen sind sehr klein und verkehrteiförmig.

Die Blütezeit liegt im Sommer und Herbst.

Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 14 oder 24.

Vorkommen

Die Art ist pantropisch verbreitet. Sie ist in Nord-, Mittel- und Südamerika beheimatet.[1] In zahlreichen anderen Ländern in den Tropen und auch in China ist sie ein Neophyt.[1] In China kommt sie in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan und Yunnan vor.

Systematik

Waltheria indica wurde 1753 von Carl von Linné erstbeschrieben. Synonyme sind Waltheria americana var. indica (Linnaeus) K. Schumann, Waltheria indica var. americana (Linnaeus) R. Brown ex Hosaka und Waltheria makinoi Hayata.

Nutzung

Waltheria indica wird als Zier- und Heilpflanze genutzt.

Literatur

  • Ya Tang, Michael G. Gilbert, Laurence J. Dorr: Waltheria indica. In: Flora of China. Volume 12, 2007, S. 321, online

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b Waltheria im Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Abgerufen am 14. Juni 2017.
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Waltheria indica: Brief Summary ( German )

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 src= Atrophaneura hector an Waltheria indica

Waltheria indica ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Familie der Malvengewächse (Malvaceae).

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Umuturirwa (Waltheria) ( Kinyarwanda )

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Umuturirwa

Umuturirwa (izina ry’ubumenyi mu kilatini Waltheria indica) ni ikimera.

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Waltheria indica

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Waltheria indica is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that has a pantropical distribution. It is believed to have originated in the Neotropics.[2] Common names include sleepy morning, basora prieta, hierba de soldado, guimauve, mauve-gris, moto-branco, fulutafu, kafaki,[3] and ʻuhaloa (Hawaii).[4] W. indica is a short-lived subshrub or shrub, reaching a height of 2 m (6.6 ft) and a stem diameter of 2 cm (0.79 in). It is most common in dry, disturbed or well-drained, moist habitats. In Puerto Rico, it grows in areas that receive 750–1,800 mm (30–71 in) of annual rainfall and at elevations from sea level to more 400 m (1,300 ft).[3]

Medicinal uses

The roots, leaves and flowers of W. indica are all used medicinally in some cultures,.[5]

References

  1. ^ Bárrios, S.; Copeland, A. (2021). "Waltheria indica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T131182966A192162624. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T131182966A192162624.en. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Waltheria indica". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2009-11-19.
  3. ^ a b "Waltheria indica L. sleepy morning" (PDF). International Institute of Tropical Forestry. United States Forest Service. Retrieved 2009-11-19.
  4. ^ "uhaloa, alaala pu loa, hala uhaloa, hialoa, kanakaloa". Hawaii Ethnobotany Online Database. Bernice P. Bishop Museum. Retrieved 2009-11-19.
  5. ^ http://173.201.252.229/ethnobotanydb/ethnobotany.php?b=d&ID=uhaloa

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Waltheria indica: Brief Summary

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Waltheria indica is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that has a pantropical distribution. It is believed to have originated in the Neotropics. Common names include sleepy morning, basora prieta, hierba de soldado, guimauve, mauve-gris, moto-branco, fulutafu, kafaki, and ʻuhaloa (Hawaii). W. indica is a short-lived subshrub or shrub, reaching a height of 2 m (6.6 ft) and a stem diameter of 2 cm (0.79 in). It is most common in dry, disturbed or well-drained, moist habitats. In Puerto Rico, it grows in areas that receive 750–1,800 mm (30–71 in) of annual rainfall and at elevations from sea level to more 400 m (1,300 ft).

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Waltheria indica ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Waltheria indica es una especie de planta de la familia Malvaceae. Algunos autores consideran que esta especie es un sinónimo de Waltheria americana.

Taxonomía

Waltheria indica fue descrita por Carlos Linneo y publicado en Species Plantarum, 2: 673. 1753.[1]

Sinonimia
  • Waltheria africana K. Schum.
  • Waltheria americana L.
  • Waltheria americana var. densiflora K.Schum.
  • Waltheria americana var. elliptica K.Schum.
  • Waltheria americana var. glandulosa R.E.Fr.
  • Waltheria americana var. indica (L.) K.Schum.
  • Waltheria americana var. subspicata K.Schum.
  • Waltheria angustifolia L.
  • Waltheria arborescens Cav.
  • Waltheria corchorifolia Pers.
  • Waltheria detonsa A. Gray
  • Waltheria elliptica Cav.
  • Waltheria erioclada DC.
  • Waltheria guineensis K. Schum.
  • Waltheria indica var. americana (L.) R.Br. ex Hosaka
  • Waltheria laevis Schrank
  • Waltheria makinoi Hayata
  • Waltheria wildii Suess.[2]

Nombres comunes

  • malva blanca de Cuba, bretónica macho.[3]

Referencias

  1. «Waltheria indica». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultado el 4 de mayo de 2020.
  2. «Waltheria indica». The Plant List. Consultado el 4 de mayo de 2020.
  3. Colmeiro, Miguel: «Diccionario de los diversos nombres vulgares de muchas plantas usuales ó notables del antiguo y nuevo mundo», Madrid, 1871.
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Waltheria indica: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Waltheria indica es una especie de planta de la familia Malvaceae. Algunos autores consideran que esta especie es un sinónimo de Waltheria americana.

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Waltheria indica ( French )

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Waltheria indica est une espèce de plantes tropicales de la famille des Malvacées.

Synonymes

  • Waltheria africana K. Schum.
  • Waltheria americana L.
  • Waltheria angustifolia L.
  • Waltheria arborescens Cav.
  • Waltheria corchorifolia Pers.
  • Waltheria erioclada DC.
  • Waltheria guineensis K. Schum
  • Waltheria laevis Schrank
  • Waltheria makinoi Hayata
  • Waltheria microphylla Cav.
  • Waltheria ovata Cav.
  • Waltheria pyrolifolia A. Gray
  • Waltheria wildii Suess.

Description

  • Plante au port dressé , avec plusieurs tiges partant de la base et pouvant atteindre 1 à 2 mètres de haut[1].
  • Feuilles pétiolées à marge dentée.
  • Inflorescences en glomérules axillaires.

Repartition

Répartition tropicale (Amérique, Afrique, Asie, Océanie), probablement originaire d'Amérique centrale.

Plante envahissante

Waltheria indica est considérée comme envahissante à La Réunion[2]

Pharmacologie

Waltheria indica contient des Composés phénoliques et flavonoïdes (kaempférol, quercétol, épicatéchine et tiliroside)[3].

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Waltheria indica: Brief Summary ( French )

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Waltheria indica est une espèce de plantes tropicales de la famille des Malvacées.

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Waltheria indica ( Vietnamese )

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Waltheria indica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cẩm quỳ. Loài này được L. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Waltheria indica. Truy cập ngày 4 tháng 6 năm 2013.

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 src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Waltheria indica  src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Waltheria indica


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Waltheria indica: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Waltheria indica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cẩm quỳ. Loài này được L. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.

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蛇婆子 ( Chinese )

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二名法 Waltheria indica
L.

蛇婆子学名Waltheria indica),英文名Florida WaltheriaSleepy MorningBasora PrietaHierba de SoldadoGuimauveMauve-grisMoto-brancoFulutafuKafakiUhaloa(Hawaii).,为梧桐科蛇婆子属下的一个种。

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蛇婆子: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

蛇婆子(学名:Waltheria indica),英文名Florida Waltheria、Sleepy Morning、Basora Prieta、Hierba de Soldado、Guimauve、Mauve-gris、Moto-branco、Fulutafu、Kafaki、Uhaloa(Hawaii).,为梧桐科蛇婆子属下的一个种。

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维基百科作者和编辑