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Wall Rue

Asplenium ruta-muraria L.

Associations

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Plant / resting place / on
puparium of Chromatomyia scolopendri may be found on leaf of Asplenium ruta-muraria

Foodplant / parasite
telium of Milesina murariae parasitises live Asplenium ruta-muraria

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / pathogen
epiphyllous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph of Ramularia asplenii infects and damages dry, brown, necrotic leaf/leaf segment of Asplenium ruta-muraria

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Comments

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The relationship of North American Asplenium ruta-muraria to its European counterparts is incompletely understood and bears further investigation. Based on features of the stems, M. L. Fernald (1928) segregated the North American taxon as A . cryptolepis , but most current authors agree that morphologic differentiation of North American and European material is too slight and inconsistent for recognition at the specific level. In Europe, two ploidy levels are treated as subspecies, diploid A . ruta-muraria subsp. dolomiticum Lovis & Reichstein and tetraploid A . ruta-muraria subsp. ruta-muraria , the latter representing the most compelling case for true autopolyploidy (i.e., based on chromosomal homology) known in ferns (G. Vida 1970). Chromosome counts of North American plants are consistently tetraploid; whether or not these plants are referable to subsp. ruta-muraria will remain unclear until additional evidence (e.g., isozymes) is obtained. Meanwhile, North American material should be designated simply as A . ruta-muraria , the convention used in most current manuals.

Although M. L. Fernald (1928) recognized Asplenium cryptolepis var. ohionis (= A . ruta-muraria var. subtenuifolium Christ), based on its acute rather than rounded segment apices, leaves assignable to this variety may occur on plants also bearing leaves more similar to those of the type variety (R. Cranfill 1980). The former is not recognized taxonomically here.

Numerous hybrids of Asplenium ruta-muraria with various taxa are known from Europe (T. Reichstein 1981), but only three are known from North America, all exceedingly rare. These are the hybrids with A . rhizophyllum ( A . × inexpectatum ), with A . trichomanes ( A . × clermontae Syme), and with A . platyneuron ( A . × morganii ).

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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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Description

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Roots not proliferous. Stems short-creeping to erect, often branched; scales very dark brown throughout, narrowly deltate, 1--3 × 0.1--0.25 mm, margins with widely spaced teeth. Leaves monomorphic. Petiole reddish brown proximally, green distally, dull, 1--9 cm, (1/2--)1--2 times length of blade; indument of dark brown, narrowly deltate scales proximally grading into multicellular hairs. Blade deltate-ovate to obovate or oblanceolate, 1--2(--3)-pinnate to 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, 2--6 × 1--4 cm, somewhat thick, glabrous; base obtuse; apex acute to rounded, not rooting. Rachis green, dull, glabrous except for very sparse, minute hairs. Pinnae in 2--4 pairs, deltate-ovate to obdeltate; proximal (largest) pinnae 7--30 × 5--20 mm; base truncate to acute; margins finely (sometimes coarsely) incised; apex rounded to acute. Veins free, evident. Sori as many as 30 or more per pinna, usually 1--5 per segment, on both basiscopic and acroscopic sides. Spores 64 per sporangium. 2 n = 144.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Distribution

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Ont., Que.; Ala., Ark., Conn., Ind., Ky., Md., Mass., Mich., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va.; Europe; e Asia.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Habitat

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Limestone (or calcareous shale) cliffs and boulders, rarely invading masonry; 0--1000m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Asplenium cryptolepis Fernald; A. cryptolepis Fernald var. ohionis Fernald; A. ruta-muraria var. cryptolepis (Fernald) Wherry
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
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Asplenium ruta-muraria

provided by wikipedia EN

Asplenium ruta-muraria is a species of fern commonly known as wall-rue[1] (but which, as a fern, is not by any means closely related to common rue). It is a very small epipetric species, growing exclusively on limestone and other calcareous rocks. Its fronds are bluish-green and are heavily sub-divided, becoming up to 12 cm in length.

Sori of A. ruta-muraria

Taxonomy

Linnaeus first gave wall-rue the binomial Asplenium ruta-muraria in his Species Plantarum of 1753.[2]

A global phylogeny of Asplenium published in 2020 divided the genus into eleven clades,[3] which were given informal names pending further taxonomic study. A. ruta-muraria belongs to the "Pleurosorus subclade" of the "Pleurosorus clade".[4] The Pleurosorus clade has a worldwide distribution; members are generally small and occur on hillsides, often sheltering among rocks in exposed habitats. A. ruta-muraria is exceptional within the subclade for its lack of hairs on the leaf. The phylogeny suggests that multiple cryptic species may be present among plants now called A. ruta-muraria.[5] Within the subclade, the A. ruta-muraria aggregate (including A. dolomiticum) is sister to the species formerly segregated in the genus Pleurosorus.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Asplenium ruta-muraria is native to Europe, East Asia, and eastern North America.[6] In North America, its range extends from western New England southwest along the Appalachian Mountains to Alabama and Tennessee. It is also found in the Ozarks and in southern Indiana and Ohio, with outlying occurrences in Michigan, Ontario, Quebec, and Clinton County, Iowa.[7]

In Europe, it commonly invades masonry and is a common species, while in the United States, it is more difficult to find, favouring pockets in very well-weathered and rather dry limestone outcrops.

Citations

  1. ^ English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 365. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017 – via Korea Forest Service.
  2. ^ Linnaeus 1753, p. 1081.
  3. ^ Xu et al. 2020, p. 27.
  4. ^ a b Xu et al. 2020, p. 30.
  5. ^ Xu et al. 2020, p. 46.
  6. ^ Wagner, Moran & Werth 1993.
  7. ^ Kartesz 2014.

References

Averis, Ben (2013). Plants and habitats. ISBN 9780957608108.

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Asplenium ruta-muraria: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Asplenium ruta-muraria is a species of fern commonly known as wall-rue (but which, as a fern, is not by any means closely related to common rue). It is a very small epipetric species, growing exclusively on limestone and other calcareous rocks. Its fronds are bluish-green and are heavily sub-divided, becoming up to 12 cm in length.

Sori of A. ruta-muraria
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