Bulbothrix fungicola (Lynge) Hale

Parmelia fungicola

Parmelia fungicola Lynge, 1914, p. 129.

P. coronata f. isidiosa Müller-Argau, 1888a, p. 56. [Type collection: Paraguay, Balansa 4157 (G, holotype; K, W, isotypes).]

P. pseudocoronata Gyelnik, 1931, p. 289. [Based on P. coronata f. isidiosa Müller-Argau.]

TYPE COLLECTION.—Santa Anna da Chapada, Mato Grosso, Brazil, Malme 2438B (S, holotype).

DESCRIPTION.—Thallus closely adnate on bark, fragile, pale olive-gray, 2–3 cm in diameter; lobes sublinear-elongate, 0.2–1.0 mm wide; margins entire to lobulate with bulbate cilia; upper surface plane, shiny, lobulate-isidiate; lower surface black, short rhizinate, the rhizines branched. Apothecia adnate, coronate, 0.7–2.0 mm in diameter, amphithecium with retrorse rhizines; spores bicornute, 3–4×9–10μ.

CHEMISTRY.—Cortex K+ yellowish (atranorin); medulla K–, C– or C+ , KC+ rose, P– (gyrophoric acid). Insufficient material of the species is available for full chemical analysis. Some C– material may not contain gyrophoric acid.

WORLD DISTRIBUTION AND HABITATS.—Caribbean region, Brazil, Paraguay; on trees at low elevation (sea level to 400 m).

The marginal bulbate cilia immediately identify this tiny lichen as a member of section Bicornuta, somewhat related to P. laevigatula Nylander but differing in chemistry, thinner thallus, and prostrate lobulate isidia.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED.—Bois Serpé, Imshaug 32758, 32760, 32762 (MSC).