Definition: An elevated area such as a hill, ridge or old lava dome inside or downslope from an area of active volcanism. New lava flows will cover the surrounding land, isolating the kipuka so that it appears as a (usually) forested island in a barren lava flow.
Definition: A seep is a spring in which water has filtered through permeable earth to the surface. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_(hydrology) ]
