Xylophagus reflectens Walker 1848

Xylophagus reflectens Walker
1841. Xylophagus reflectens Walker, List. Dipt. Brit. Mus., 1, p. 129.
1850. Xylophagus persequus Walker, Ins. Saund., 1, p. 1.
1854. Subula reflectens Walker, List. Dipt. Brit. Mus., V. Suppl. 1, p. no.
1869. Xylophagus rufipes Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., xiii, p. 163.
1908. Erinna perseqna Kertesz, Cat. Dipt., Ill, p. 136.
1908. Erinna reflectens Kertesz, Cat. Dipt., in, p. 137.
1908. Erinna rufipes Kertesz, Cat. Dipt., in, p. 137.
Shining black; antennae longer than head; legs yellowish to reddish, tip of hind tibiae more or less broadly, and tip of all tarsi blackish; wings with brownish cloud under stigma, at apex of discal cell and on apex of wing.
Male. — Length, 7 to 10 mm. Head : Front and vertex, including ocellar tubercle, shining black, the former gray pollinose just below the tubercle; face with upper half light gray to silvery pollinose, lower half shining black; palpi black, proboscis brownish to yellowish; antennae blackish, distinctly longer than head (measured from above), first segment not less than one-half as long as remainder of antennae taken together and distinctly longer than distance from insertion to ocellar tubercle.
Thorax: Black; mesonotum shining along lateral margins, the remainder only subshining with two light gray pollinose stripes in center which nearly reach the caudal border; pleura shining black, bare; scutellum and metanotum shining black; the mesonotum and scutellum with very fine short pale hairs, on the mesonotum somewhat longer especially laterad; halteres pale yellow.
Abdomen: Shining black, above and below with fine, appressed, fairly abundant, moderately long, pale hairs.
Legs: Pale yellowish to reddish, including coxae; the hind tibiae somewhat variable, usually only the apex narrowly blackish but this is extended often so that the whole tibia is more or less tinged with dusky especially on the upper or caudal surface; rarely the tip of the hind femora is slightly darkened, particularly above; fore and middle tarsi with last two segments blackened, the hind pair usually with the apex of the metatarsus and the remainder except the base of the second segment blackened.
Wings: Veins dark brown, membrane clear, more or less distinctly marked with brown as follows: a slight narrow cloud from stigma thrpugh base of discal cell, the apex of the discal and the apex of the wing rather broadly; in pale specimens these markings may be hardly visible; stigma narrow, elongate, dark brown.
Female. — Length, about 10 mm. Similar to male except that face becomes narrower ventrad.
Specimens Examined: About 103 males and females.
"Canada:" i cf, i 9, (Osten Sacken), [M. C. Z.].
Quebec: i cf, Montreal, June 21, 1906, (G. Beaulieu), [C. N. M.]. 2 9, Mount Royal, May 23; 1 9, July, (Ouellett), [Ouellett]. 1, St. Hilaire, May 24, 1919, (Ouellett), [Ouellett].
Ontario: i 9, Guelph, July 22, 1912, [Ont. Agr. Coll.].
New Brunswick: i cf, Fredricton, June 22, 1914, (F. M. McKenzie), [New Brunswick Dept. Agr.].
British Columbia: i cf, Skagit Valley, July 20, 1909, [Pa. Dept. Agr., ex Daecke].
Maine: 9
New Hampshire: i 9, Bretton Woods, June 25, 1913, (C. W. Johnson), [B. S. N. H.]. 2 cf , Glen House, June 12, 1916; 1 cf , June 14, 1916, (C. W. Johnson), [M. D.Leonard]; 4 cf, 2 9 , June 11-18, 1916, (C. W. Johnson), [B. S. N. H.]; 1 cf, 1 9, June 11, 14, 1916, (C. W. Johnson), [A. N. S. P.]. 1 9, "Gorh.," (Osten Sacken), [M. C. Z.]. 3 9, Franconia, (A. T. Slosson), [U. S. N. M.]. 1 9, Pike (E. J. Knaus), [U. S. N. M.]. 1, Mount Washington, (A. T. Slosson), [A. N. M. H.];3 cf, 2500 ft., June 14-23:5 cf, June and July, (C.W.Johnson), [B. S. N. H.].
Vermont: i cf, i 9, Manchester, June 5 and 9, 1910, (C. W. Johnson), [B. S. Massachusetts: i 9, "Mass." type, [M. C. Z.; type of rufipes Lw.]. 1 9, Chester, May 26, 1912, (C. W. Johnson), [B. S. N. H.]. 1 9 Mount Greylock, June 15, 1906, (C. W. Johnson), [B. S. N. H.].
New York: i 9, Mt. Seward, June 22, 1901, 4500 ft., (MacGillivray and Houghton), [C. U.]. 2 cf , Lake Tear, July 29, 1920, 4300-4600 ft., (J. Bequaert), .[A. M. N. H.]. 1 9, West Danby, May 31, 1890, [C. U.]. 1 cf, West Winfield, June 7, 1921, (M. D. Leonard), [Leonard]. 1 9, Slide Mountain, June 3, (M. D. Leonard), [Leonard]. 1 cf, May 31, 1906, 1 cf, 1 9, June 28, 1907, 1 9, May 13, 1907, and 1 9 June 15, 1908, Big Indian Valley, (R. F. Pearsall), [A. M. N. H.]. 10
9 Reported by Johnson (1927: 178) from Strawberry Hill and Bar Harbor; also by Johnson (1925: 94) from the "Upper Aroostook Area."
10 Reported from Axton, by MacGillivray and Houghton, (1903: 12).
New Jersey: 11
Pennsylvania: i d Castle Rock, Delaware County, May 17, 1908, [A. N. S. P.],
1 cf , Germantown, May 18, 1907, [A. N. S. P.]. 1 cf , Inglenook, June 3, 1917, (E. Daecke), [Pa. Dept. Agr.]. 1 d Rockville, reared Aug. 26, 1913, (A. B. Champlain), [U. S. N. M.; with pupa skin, Hopkins U. S., no. 10477]. I 9, Pittsburgh, June 8, 1897, [U. S. N. M., ex Aldrich]. 2 d Roxborough, May 9, 1909, (Harbeck), IU. S. N. M., ex Aldrich]; 2 cf , May 9, 1909 and April 17, 1926, (F. Haimbach), [A. N. S. P., ex Haimbach]; 1 cf, May 9, 1909, [Hine]. 2 cf, New Brighton, May 19, 1907, [Brook. Mus., ex Merrick, Museum, Ace. No. 12011].
Maryland: i <J , Plummer's Island, May 2, 1902, (H. S. Barber), [U. S. N. M.];
2 cf, May 8, 1915, (R. C. Shannon), [Shannon].
District of Columbia: 2 cf, April 28, 1912, (M. C. Van Duzee), [M. D. Leonard].
Virginia: 2 cf, Great Falls, April 28, 1915, (R. C. Shannon), [Shannon]; 3 cf,
April 28, 1915, (R. C. Shannon), [U. S. N. M.]; 7 cf, 3 9, May 2 and 11, 1917;
■ 6 cf, 2 9, April 28, 1915, (C. T. Greene), [U. S. N. M., Div. Forest Ins.]. 1 cf,
Dead Run, Fairfax County, May II, 1916, (R. C. Shannon), [Shannon]; 1 cf , May
2 7> 1917, (C T. Greene), [U. S. N. M., Div. Forest Ins.]; 3 cf , May 8, 11, 19, 1915;
I cf, May 23, 1916, (R. C. Shannon), [U. S. N. M.]. 1 9, Falls Church, Apr. 27, 1915, (C. T. Greene), [U. S. N. M., Div. Forest Ins.].
Ohio: i cf, Cincinnati, May 16, [Hine].
Michigan: i cf , East Lansing, April 31, 1892, [Mich. igr. College].
Minnesota: i 9, Basswood Lake, June, (F. L. Washburn), [U. of Minn., No.
II Sub. 11.].
Montana: i 9, L0L0, May 15, 1914, [Mont. Agr. Exp. Sta.].
Notes on Types. — The Museum of Comparative Zoology has the following: Female, "Type Loew Mass."; female, "O. S. Canada"; "female, O. S.," Gorh. N. H.; female, "O. S." White Mts.; female "O. S. Canada"; all as rufipes
I am not at all certain that when more extensive collecting has been done reflectens Walk, and decorus Williston will not be found to be identical but for the present I prefer to keep them separate. Specimens from the Eastern part of the country are generally smaller, have the wing markings somewhat paler and the dark marking on the hind tibiae tends to be confined for the most part to the apex, and they are apparently referable to persequus Walker. Those from the far West tend to be larger, have the wing markings somewhat more distinct, with the hind tibiae entirely reddish or in the male sometimes nearly all dark brownish,
11 Reported from Caldwell, and from Clementon, by Smith in List. Ins. N. J., ed. 3, p. 743 (1910). especially towards the apex. These seem to be referable todecorus Will. Some intergradations occur, however, and several specimens from Eastern Canada are not so typical of reflectens. I have seen one or two specimens from British Columbia which apparently belong to reflectens and both Coquillet and Hine have referred specimens to this species (as rufipes Loew) from that section. I believe that as now understood reflectens occurs as far west as B. C. but that decorus is chiefly confined to West of the Rockies. However a female taken at Ottawa though slightly small perhaps and with the antennae lacking, I do not hesitate to refer to decorus. The only specimen I have seen from Montana, a female, lacks the antennae, and the wing markings though pale are like those of lugens Lw. to which it may belong but I tentatively place it with reflectens because the legs are yellow with only the apex of the hind tibiae and all the tarsi darkened. It should therefore be borne in mind that care should be exercised before finally referring specimens either decorus or reflectens.

Xylophagus longicornis Loew
1869. Xylophagus longicornis Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., xm, p. 163.
1908. Erinna longicornis Kertesz, Cat. Dip., in, p. 136.
Wholly black, mostly shining knob of halteres pale yellow, wings marked with brownish on apical half; antennae long, about twice the cephalo-caudal axis of the head.
Male. — Unknown.
7 Also reported from Port Renfrew, by Hine (1904: 89) as rufipes.
8 Reported from "Washington Territory," and from Mount Hood, Oregon by Williston (1885: 121).
Female. — Length, 10 to II mm. (measured to base of ovipositor). Head: Black, face, front and vertex (including ocellar tubercle) shining except a band covering upper third of face and usually a narrow band through lower half of and extending slightly below ocellar tubercle which are dull grayish pollinose; palpi dull black, proboscis dull brownish black, the latter with fine, sparse black, hairs; antennae dull black, the first two segments with fine black hairs, the third in certain lights a grayish pollinose; antennae about twice as long as depth of head viewed from dorsal aspect, the first segment elongate, at least half as long as remaining segments together.
Thorax: Black, shining on lateral and caudal margins, with two broad stripes of grayish or brownish pollen; scutellum shining black; pleura shining black, with fine short black hairs in front of halteres; halteres pale yellowish, with brownish.
Abdomen: Black, subshining, above and on sides with fine black appressed hairs each rising from a minute puncture.
Legs: Wholly black, knees and tibial spurs somewhat paler.
Wings: Veins dark brownish; membrane somewhat variously clouded with brownish, chiefly on apical half, most every cell with a hyaline spot of varying size, basal cells often with only the veins bordered slightly with brownish.
Type. — This is a female labelled "Type. Loew. Mass.," [Museum of Comparative Zoology]. It is about 10 mm. long.
Specimens Examined: 15 females.
Massachusetts: i 9, "Mass." [M. C. Z.; type].
Pennsylvania: 2 9, Roxboro, May 9, 1909, (C. T. Greene), [Pa. Dept. Agr.]; 2 9, May 9, 1909, [A. N. S. P.]. 1 9, Inglenook, May 19, 1912, [Pa. Dept. Agr.].
Maryland: i 9, Plummer's Island, May 7, 1916, (R. C. Shannon); 2 9, May 9, 1915, (J. C. Crawford), [U. S. N. M.].
Virginia: i 9, Great Falls, May 25, (N. Banks), [Banks]; 2 9, May n, 1917, (C. T. Greene), [U. S. N. M.]. 1 9, Dead Run, Fairfax County, May 9, 1916, (R. C. Shannon), [U. S. N. M.].
Ohio: i 9, Cincinnati, May 18, [Hine].
Michigan: i 9, Detroit, (H. G. Hubbard), [U. S. N. M.].
This interesting species, not until now recognized since it was originally discovered in 1869 has the antennae of reflectens Walker and the wings of lugens Lw. It is very characteristic.

Xylophagus reflectens is a species of fly in the family Xylophagidae.