Tenrecs

Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru

Tandaraka (kutoka Kimalagasi: tandraka) ni wanyama wadogo wa familia Tenrecidae. Takriban spishi zote zinatokea Madagaska tu. Tandaraka mkubwa anatokea Komori, Morisi, Reunion na Shelisheli pia. Spishi za Potamogalinae (wamepulu) zinatokea bara la Afrika. Tandaraka wana maumbo mbalimbali; wengine wanafanana na kalunguyeye, wengine na virukanjia, vipanya, oposumu na hata na fisi-maji. Hii ni kwa sababu ya convergent evolution. Spishi ndogo kabisa ina urefu wa sm 4.5 na uzito wa g 5, ile kubwa kabisa urefu wa sm 25–39 na uzito wa zaidi ya kg 1. Ingawa mfanano, tandaraka hawana mnasaba na kalunguyeye, vipanya na wanyama wengine ambao wanafanana nao. Wana mnasaba na fuko-dhahabu na sengi na wamo katika jamii ya Afrotheria pamoja na pimbi, wahanga, tembo na nguva. Kinyume na mamalia wengine tandaraka wana funuo moja tu (kloaka) ili kupisha mavi, mikojo na watoto. Hukiakia usiku na hawawezi kuona vizuri, lakini wasikia sauti na harufu vizuri sana. Wanaweza kusikia sana kwa manyoya ya masharubu pia. Hula vitu vyingi lakini invertebrata hasa.

Spishi

• Echinops telfairi, Tandaraka-kalunguyeye Mdogo (Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec)
• Geogale aurita, Tandaraka Masikio-makubwa (Large-eared Tenrec)
• Hemicentetes nigriceps, Tandaraka Milia Milima (Highland Streaked Tenrec)
• Hemicentetes semispinosus, Tandaraka Milia Nyika (Lowland Streaked Tenrec)
• Limnogale mergulus, Tandaraka-maji (Web-footed Tenrec)
• Microgale brevicaudata, Tandaraka Mdogo Mkia-mfupi (Short-tailed Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale cowani, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Cowan (Cowan's Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale dobsoni, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Dobson (Dobson's Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale drouhardi, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Drouhard (Drouhard's Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale dryas, Tandaraka Mdogo Mitini (Dryad Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale fotsifotsy, Tandaraka Mdogo Mweupe (Pale Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale gracilis, Tandaraka Mdogo Mwembamba (Gracile Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale gymnorhyncha, Tandaraka Mdogo Pua-tupu (Naked-nosed Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale jenkinsae, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Jenkins (Jenkins's Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale jobihely, Tandaraka Mdogo Kaskazi (Northern Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale longicaudata, Tandaraka Mkia-mrefu Mdogo (Lesser Long-tailed Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale majori, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Major (Major's Long-tailed Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale monticola, Tandaraka Mdogo Milimani (Montane Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale nasoloi, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Nasolo (Nasolo's Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale parvula, Tandaraka Kibete (Pygmy Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale principula, Tandaraka Mkia-mrefu Mkubwa (Greater Long-tailed Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale pusilla, Tandaraka Kibete Sana (Least Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale soricoides, Tandaraka Mdogo Meno-kirukanjia (Shrew-toothed Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale taiva, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Taiva (Taiva Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale talazaci, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Talazac (Talazac's Shrew Tenrec)
• Microgale thomasi, Tandaraka Mdogo wa Thomas (Thomas's Shrew Tenrec)
• Micropotamogale lamottei, Mmepulu wa Mlima Nimba (Nimba Otter Shrew)
• Micropotamogale ruwenzorii, Mmepulu wa Ruwenzori (Ruwenzori Otter Shrew)
• Oryzorictes hova, Tandaraka-mpunga Mchimbaji (Mole-like Rice Tenrec, Hova Rice Tenrec au Fossorial Tenrec)
• Oryzorictes tetradactylus, Tandaraka-mpunga Vidole-vinne (Four-toed Rice Tenrec)
• Potamogale velox, Mmepulu Mkubwa (Giant Otter Shrew)
• Setifer setosus, Tandaraka-kalunguyeye Mkubwa (Greater Hedgehog Tenrec)
• Tenrec ecaudatus, Tandaraka Mkubwa (Tailless au Common Tenrec)

Picha

• Tandaraka-kalunguyeye mdogo

• Tandaraka milia milima

• Tandaraka milia nyika

• Mmepulu mkubwa

• Tandaraka-kalunguyeye mkubwa

Ili kupata maelezo kuhusu masanduku ya uanapwa ya spishi angalia: Wikipedia:WikiProject Mammals/Article templates/doc.

Makala hii kuhusu "Tandaraka" inatumia neno (au maneno) ambalo si kawaida na matumizi yake ni jaribio la kutafsiri neno (au maneno) la asili tandraka kutoka lugha ya Kimalagasi. Neno (au maneno) la jaribio ni tandaraka.
Wasomaji wanaombwa kuchangia mawazo yao kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano ya makala.

Kamusi za Kiswahili ama zinatofautiana kuhusu matumizi ya neno hili au hazieleweki au hazina neno kwa jambo linalojadiliwa.