Perochaeta orientalis (Meijere 1913)

Figure 1.Key views and structures of Perochaeta orientalis, Male. A Habitus, lateral view B Pleural microtomensity pattern; (white = smooth, light grey = lightly microtomentose, dark grey = heavily microtomentose) C Rear tibia, with focus on osomterium D Basal section of wing showing microtrichosity pattern (white=smooth, light grey=with microtrichia) E Whole abdomen, ventral view F Sternite appendage G Hypopygium, dorsal view H Phallus, right, ventral and left views; red arrow indicates basal spiny flap. Scale bars = 0.5mm unless otherwise stated.

Figure 6.Copulatory profile for Perochaeta orientalis, as described in Section 2 (Copulation). Horizontal bars in graph indicate point in time (X-axis) where then the particular behaviour (Y-axis) is performed. The profile begins from when the male mounts the female, and ends when they begin to separate (total time = 72m 30s).

Figure 4.Images of holotype (A, B) and drawing (C) from description for Perochaeta orientalis, male. A Image of habitus, lateral view B Image of hypopygium, dorsal view; red arrow pointing to the median protrusion on the surstylus C Drawing of abdominal posterior (lateral view) as reproduced from Duda (1926); red arrow 1 shows how illustration has fused the two setae into one, red arrow 2 shows how the drawing fails to display the median protrusion as seen in Fig. 1G.

Figure 3.Additional views for Perochaeta orientalis, Male (MA-MF) and Female (FA-FE). M and F prefixes refer to male and female specimen respectively. A Habitus, dorsal view (sans wings) B head and thorax, ventral view C Head capsule, anterior view D Head capsule, posterior view E Thorax, posterior view F (male only)–Rear tibia, dorsal view showing osmeterium. Scale bars = 0.5mm unless otherwise stated.

Figure 5.Hypopygia, sternite appendages and anepimeral + greater ampullal microtrichosity of the five other Perochaeta: Perochaeta cuirassa (CA-CC), Perochaeta dikowi (DA-DC), Perochaeta exilis (EA-EC), Perochaeta hennigi (HA-HC) and Perochaeta lobo (LA-LC); adapted from Ang and Meier (2008; Perochaeta cuirassa and Perochaeta lobo), Ang et al. (2008; Perochaeta dikowi), Iwasa (2011; Perochaeta exilis) and Ozerov (1992; Perochaeta hennigi). Suffixes refer to: A sternite appendage, left side ventral view B hypopygium, right side dorsal view C Surstylus, lateral view D Anepimeron + greater ampulla [image not available for Perochaeta hennigi (prefix H)]. Perochaeta lobo (prefix L) has a similar anepimeral microtrichosity as Perochaeta cuirassa (CD). Scale bars = 0.5mm.

Figure 2.Key views and structures of Perochaeta orientalis, Female. A Habitus, lateral view B Whole abdomen, ventral view C Abdominal posterior, ventral view D Same, lateral view E Same, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5mm.

Video 1.Video montage for the various behaviours described. Section 1, Courtship: Male wing-flutter dance (00:07). Section 2, Approach and Mount: Failed attempt with female resistance, lateral view (00:15), Successful mount, dorsal view (00:29). Section 3, Copulation: M1 Male fore leg tap to female head (00:41), M2 Male rear leg rub (01:03), M3 Male rear- to mid-leg rub (01:10), M4 Male mid legs tap to female wing (01:18), M5 Male mid legs tap to female abdomen (01:29), F1 Female resistance (mid legs push) (01:39), F2 Female resistance (rear leg push) (01:51), F3 Female grooming (rear leg rub) (02:00), F4 Female grooming (fore leg-head rub) (02:06). Section 4, Separation (02:15). Video available for download in full resolution from http://www.pensoft.net/J_FILES/1/articles/6013/Ang_Wong_Meier_Video_1.avi